华为集团面试经验100个总结Word文档格式.docx

华为集团面试经验100个总结Word文档格式.docx

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（mergesort）

∙Howwouldyoure-positionGoogle’sofferingstocounteractcompetitivethreatsfromMicrosoft?

∙Howmanygolfballscanfitinaschoolbus?

∙这种题一般来说是考你的解题思路的，注意，你不能单纯地把高尔夫球当成一个小立方体，其是一个圆球，堆起来的时候应该是错开的——也就是三个相邻的球的圆心是个等边三角形）

∙Youareshrunktotheheightofanickelandyourmassisproportionallyreducedsoastomaintainyouroriginaldensity.Youarethenthrownintoanemptyglassblender.Thebladeswillstartmovingin60seconds.Whatdoyoudo?

∙HowmuchshouldyouchargetowashallthewindowsinSeattle?

∙Howwouldyoufindoutifamachine’sstackgrowsupordowninmemory?

∙Explainadatabaseinthreesentencestoyoureight-year-oldnephew.

∙（用三句话向8岁的侄子解释什么是数据库，考你的表达能力了）

∙Howmanytimesadaydoesaclock’shandsoverlap?

（经典的时钟问题）

∙YouhavetogetfrompointAtopointB.Youdon’tknowifyoucangetthere.Whatwouldyoudo?

∙Inacountryinwhichpeopleonlywantboys,everyfamilycontinuestohavechildrenuntiltheyhaveaboy.Iftheyhaveagirl,theyhaveanotherchild.Iftheyhaveaboy,theystop.Whatistheproportionofboystogirlsinthecountry?

（第一反应是——这个国家是中国。

一个概率问题，其实，无论你怎么生，50%的概率是永远不变的。

）

∙Iftheprobabilityofobservingacarin30minutesonahighwayis0.95,whatistheprobabilityofobservingacarin10minutes（assumingconstantdefaultprobability）?

∙Ifyoulookataclockandthetimeis3:

15,whatistheanglebetweenthehourandtheminutehands?

（Theanswertothisisnotzero!

∙Youareatapartywithafriendand10peoplearepresentincludingyouandthefriend.yourfriendmakesyouawagerthatforeverypersonyoufindthathasthesamebirthdayasyou,youget$1;

foreverypersonhefindsthatdoesnothavethesamebirthdayasyou,hegets$2.wouldyouacceptthewager?

∙Howmanypianotunersarethereintheentireworld?

∙Youhavefivepirates,rankedfrom5to1indescendingorder.Thetoppiratehastherighttoproposehow100goldcoinsshouldbedividedamongthem.Buttheothersgettovoteonhisplan,andiffewerthanhalfagreewithhim,hegetskilled.Howshouldheallocatethegoldinordertomaximizehissharebutlivetoenjoyit?

（Hint:

Onepirateendsupwith98percentofthegold.）

∙Youaregiven2eggs.Youhaveaccesstoa100-storybuilding.Eggscanbeveryhardorveryfragilemeansitmaybreakifdroppedfromthefirstfloorormaynotevenbreakifdroppedfrom100thfloor.Botheggsareidentical.Youneedtofigureoutthehighestfloorofa100-storybuildinganeggcanbedroppedwithoutbreaking.Thequestionishowmanydropsyouneedtomake.Youareallowedtobreak2eggsintheprocess.

∙（从3的倍数的楼层开始扔，比如3，6，9，12…..，如果鸡蛋在3n层碎了，那到在3n-1层扔第二个鸡蛋，如果没碎，则最高不碎楼层为3n-1，否则为3n-2）

∙Describeatechnicalproblemyouhadandhowyousolvedit.

∙Howwouldyoudesignasimplesearchengine?

∙DesignanevacuationplanforSanFrancisco.

∙Howmanyvacuum’saremadeperyearinUSA?

∙Whyaremanholecoversround?

∙（为什么下水井盖是圆的？

这是有N种答案的，上Wiki看看吧）

∙Whatisthedifferencebetweenamutexandasemaphore?

Whichonewouldyouusetoprotectaccesstoanincrementoperation?

∙Amanpushedhiscartoahotelandlosthisfortune.Whathappened?

∙（脑筋急转弯？

他在玩大富翁游戏？

！

∙Explainthesignificanceof“deadbeef”.要是你看到的是16进制DEADBEEF，你会觉得这是什么？

IPv6的地址？

∙WriteaCprogramwhichmeasuresthethespeedofacontextswitchonaUNIX/Linuxsystem.

∙Givenafunctionwhichproducesarandomintegerintherange1to5,writeafunctionwhichproducesarandomintegerintherange1to7.

∙Describethealgorithmforadepth-firstgraphtraversal.

∙Designaclasslibraryforwritingcardgames.

∙（用一系列的类来设计一个扑克游戏，设计题）

∙Youneedtocheckthatyourfriend,Bob,hasyourcorrectphonenumber,butyoucannotaskhimdirectly.YoumustwriteathequestiononacardwhichandgiveittoEvewhowilltakethecardtoBobandreturntheanswertoyou.Whatmustyouwriteonthecard,besidesthequestion,toensureBobcanencodethemessagesothatEvecannotreadyourphonenumber?

（协议+数字加密，我试想了一个，纸条上可以这样写，“Bob，请把我的手机号以MD5算法加密后的字符串，比对下面的字符串——XXXXXX，它们是一样的吗？

”）

∙HowarecookiespassedintheHTTPprotocol?

∙DesigntheSQLdatabasetablesforacarrentaldatabase.

∙Writearegularexpressionwhichmatchesaemailaddress.（上StackOverflow查相当的问题。

∙Writeafunctionf（a,b）whichtakestwocharacterstringargumentsandreturnsastringcontainingonlythecharactersfoundinbothstringsintheorderofa.WriteaversionwhichisorderN-squaredandonewhichisorderN.（算法题，不难，不说了。

一个O（n^2）和一个O（n）的算法复杂度）

∙Youaregivenathesourcetoaapplicationwhichiscrashingwhenrun.Afterrunningit10timesinadebugger,youfinditnevercrashesinthesameplace.Theapplicationissinglethreaded,andusesonlytheCstandardlibrary.Whatprogrammingerrorscouldbecausingthiscrash?

Howwouldyoutesteachone?

（和随机数有关系？

或是时间？

∙ExplainhowcongestioncontrolworksintheTCPprotocol.

∙InJava,whatisthedifferencebetweenfinal,finally,andfinalize?

∙Whatismultithreadedprogramming?

Whatisadeadlock?

∙Writeafunction（withhelperfunctionsifneeded）calledtoExcelthattakesanexcelcolumnvalue（A,B,C,D…AA,AB,AC,…AAA..）andreturnsacorrespondingintegervalue（A=1,B=2,…AA=26..）.

∙Youhaveastreamofinfinitequeries（ie:

realtimeGooglesearchqueriesthatpeopleareentering）.Describehowyouwouldgoaboutfindingagoodestimateof1000samplesfromthisneverendingsetofdataandthenwritecodeforit.

∙Treesearchalgorithms.WriteBFSandDFScode,explainruntimeandspacerequirements.ModifythecodetohandletreeswithweightededgesandloopswithBFSandDFS,makethecodeprintoutpathtogoalstate.

∙Youaregivenalistofnumbers.Whenyoureachtheendofthelistyouwillcomebacktothebeginningofthelist（acircularlist）.Writethemostefficientalgorithmtofindtheminimum#inthislist.Findanygiven#inthelist.Thenumbersinthelistarealwaysincreasingbutyoudon’tknowwherethecircularlistbegins,ie:

38,40,55,89,6,13,20,23,36.（陈皓：

循环排序数组的二分查找问题）

∙Describethedatastructurethatisusedtomanagememory.（stack）

∙What’sthedifferencebetweenlocalandglobalvariables?

∙Ifyouhave1millionintegers,howwouldyousortthemefficiently?

（modifyaspecificsortingalgorithmtosolvethis）

∙InJava,whatisthedifferencebetweenstatic,final,andconst.（ifyoudon’tknowJavatheywillasksomethingsimilarforCorC++）.

∙Talkaboutyourclassprojectsorworkprojects（picksomethingeasy）…thendescribehowyoucouldmakethemmoreefficient（intermsofalgorithms）.

∙SupposeyouhaveanNxNmatrixofpositiveandnegativeintegers.Writesomecodethatfindsthesub-matrixwiththemaximumsumofitselements.（以前见过一维数组的这个问题，现在是二维的。

感觉应该是把二维的第一行的最大和的区间算出来，然后再在这个基础之上进行二维的分析。

思路应该是这个，不过具体的算法还需要想一想）

∙Writesomecodetoreverseastring.

∙Implementdivision（withoutusingthedivideoperator,obviously）.（陈皓：

想一想手算除法的过程。

∙Writesomecodetofindallpermutationsofthelettersinaparticularstring.

∙Whatmethodwouldyouusetolookupawordinadictionary?

（陈皓：

使用排序，哈希，树等算法和数据结构）

∙Imagineyouhaveaclosetfullofshirts.It’sveryhardtofindashirt.Sowhatcanyoudotoorganizeyourshirtsforeasyretrieval?

∙Youhaveeightballsallofthesamesize.7ofthemweighthesame,andoneofthemweighsslightlymore.Howcanyoufinetheballthatisheavierbyusingabalanceandonlytwoweighings?

∙WhatistheC-languagecommandforopeningaconnectionwithaforeignhostovertheinternet?

∙Designanddescribeasystem/applicationthatwillmostefficientlyproduceareportofthetop1millionGooglesearchrequests.Thesearetheparticulars:

1）Youaregiven12serverstoworkwith.Theyarealldual-processormachineswith4GbofRAM,4x400GBharddrivesandnetworkedtogether.（Basically,nothingmorethanhigh-endPC’s）2）Thelogdatahasalreadybeencleanedforyou.Itconsistsof100Billionloglines,brokendowninto12320GBfilesof40-bytesearchtermsperline.3）Youcanuseonlycustomwrittenapplicationsoravailablefreeopen-sourcesoftware.

∙ThereisanarrayA[N]ofNnumbers.YouhavetocomposeanarrayOutput[N]suchthatOutput[i]willbeequaltomultiplicationofalltheelementsofA[N]exceptA[i].ForexampleOutput[0]willbemultiplicationofA[1]toA[N-1]andOutput[1]willbemultiplicationofA[0]andfromA[2]toA[N-1].SolveitwithoutdivisionoperatorandinO（n）.（注意其不能使用除法。

算法思路是这样的，把output[i]=a[i]左边的乘积xa[i]右边的乘积，所以，我们可以分两个循环，第一次先把A[i]左边的乘积放在Output[i]中，第二次把A[i]右边的乘积算出来。

我们先看第一次的循环，使用迭代累积的方式，代码如下：

for（r=1;

i=0;

i<

n-1;

i++）{Output[i]=r;

r*=a[i];

}，看明白了吧。

第二次的循环我就不说了，方法一样的。

∙ThereisalinkedlistofnumbersoflengthN.Nisverylargeandyoudon’tknowN.Youhavetowriteafunctionthatwillreturnkrandomnumbersfromthelist.Numbersshouldbecompletelyrandom.Hint:

1.Userandomfunctionrand（）（returnsanumberbetween0and1）andirand（）（returneither0or1）2.ItshouldbedoneinO（n）.（本题其实不难。

在遍历链表的同时一边生成随机数，一边记录最大的K个随机数和其链接地址。

∙FindordeterminenonexistenceofanumberinasortedlistofNnumberswherethenumbersrangeoverM,M>

>

NandNlargeenoughtospanmultipledisks.AlgorithmtobeatO（logn）b