牛津上海版高二上英语 第8讲定语从句Word格式文档下载.docx

牛津上海版高二上英语 第8讲定语从句Word格式文档下载.docx

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修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫定语从句（AttributiveClause）

Theman（wholivesnexttous）sellsvegetable.

Youmustdoeverything（thatIcando）.

【知识梳理2】定语从句的分类

1.限制性定语从句:

与先行词关系密切,如果没有定语从句,主句不完整,且与先行词之间无逗号。

eg:

Heaskedmeaquestionwhichwasaboutmystudyatschool.他问了一个有关我在学校学习的问题。

如果

后面的定语从句去掉，句子意思显然不完整。

2.非限制性定语从句:

对先行词起补充说明作用,如果删除,主句意义仍然完整,与先行词之间有逗号。

Onthedesktherearetwentybooks,threeofwhicharemine.

MyauntAlice,whomIhaven’tseenforyears,iscomingnextmonth.

注意：

显然，去掉下划线部分定语从句，意思仍然没有多大影响。

★that不能用于非限制性定语从句。

【知识梳理3】定语从句要点：

跟定语从句相关的最关键的最两个词：

①先行词：

被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

②关系词：

引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系代词：

who/whom（指代人）,which（指代物），that（指代人/物），as,whose.

关系词的分类:

关系副词：

when（指代时间），where（指代地点），why（指代原因）

1.引导定语从句

关系词的功能:

2.代替先行词

3.在定语从句中担当一个句法成分

【知识梳理4】指人的关系代词:

who/whom/that

先行词在从句中作主语：

Adoctorisapersonwho/thatlooksafterpeople’shealth.

先行词在从句中作宾语：

MrWhiteinvitedmanyfriendstohisparty（who/whom/that）herespectedmuch.

关系代词前有介词：

Nancyistherightpersononwhomyoucandepend.

【巩固练习】

1.Thesixblindmenaskedformoneyfrompeopleby.

A.passedB.whopassedC.whowerepassedD.whopassing

2.Mr.Brownistheverypersoncanhelpustosolvetheproblem.

A.whichB.whomC.thatD.ofwhom

3.MsChanceryistheteacher.

A.IlikeherbestB.IlikebestC.thatIlikeherbestD.whomlikebest

4.Theyearsandmonthswespenttogetherarereallywonderfultousall.

A.whenB.onwhichC.inwhichD.that

5.ThewomanwasJohn'

swife.

A.IspoketoherB.whomIspoketoher

C.thatIspokeD.Ispoketo

6.Chapinmoneyisnownoproblem,willstartanewfilmcompanywithhisfriends.

A.whoseB.whichC.forwhomD.who

【知识梳理5】指物的关系代词:

which/that

先行词在从句中作主语：

Theriverwhich/thatrunsthroughthecitybringsuslotsofpleasure.

先行词在从句中作宾语：

Thebook（which/that）youjustlaidontheshelfismine.

HereisthemoneywithwhichIwillbuyapiano.

1.用that而不用which的情况：

①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,afew,much，alittle等；

②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；

③先行词有theonly,thevery,等词修饰；

④先行词既有人又有物时；

⑤若前面有疑问词which,为了避免重复，关系代词用that。

2.用which而不用that的情况：

①引导非限制性定语从句,只用which指物；

②引导非限制性定语从句时代表整个主句的意思；

③介词+关系代词，只用which指物;

④先行词本身是that,关系代词用which.

1.Ihopethatthelittle________Ihavebeenabletododoesgoodtothemall.

2.Wow!

Lookatthemanandhishorsearerunningdowntheroad.

3.Thereisnothingcanpreventhimfromdoingit.

4.Thefirstplace________theyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.

5.Thisisthebestfilm_______Ihaveeverseen.

6.Mr.Smithistheonlyforeigner________heknows.

7.MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.

8.October15thismybirthday,________Iwillneverforget.

【知识梳理6】表示所有格：

whose（既表示人的所有也表示物的所有）

表示人的所有：

Thegirlwhosefatherisamodelworkerisourmonitor.

表示物的所有：

I’dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.

★the+名词+of+whom（which）的结构=whose+名词，下面三句意思相同，例如：

1.Theriverwhosebanksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.

2.Theriverofwhichthebanksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.

3.Theriverthebanksofwhicharecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.

1）Therearetwentystudents,whosebackgroundsaredifferent.

2）Therearetwentystudents,thebackgroundsofwhomaredifferent.

3）Therearetwentystudents,ofwhomthebackgroundsaredifferent.

1.Childrenwhoarenotactiveordietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.

2InthepolicestationIsawthemanfromroomthethiefhadstolentheTVset.

A.whomB.whichC.thatD.whose

3.ItwasameetingimportanceIdidn'

trealizeatthattime.

A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose

4.Theclassroomfacesouthisours.

A.whosewindowB.whosewindowsC.whichwindowD.thatwindow

5.ThisbookisspeciallywrittenforthestudentsnativelanguageisnotEnglish.

A.who'

sB.thatC.theirD.Whose

【知识梳理7】as作关系代词的用法

as引导的定语从句常出现于thesame…as…,such…as…,as…as…和so…as…结构中。

当定语从句的先行词被thesame，such，as或so修饰时，关系代词可选as，且不能省略。

Let’smeetatthesameplaceaswedidyesterday.

注意：

★thesame…as…vsthesame…that…

指代相似的人或物指同一人或物

ThisisthesamewatchasIlost.Wheredidyoubuyit?

ThisisthesamewatchthatIlost.Pleasereturnittome.

★such…as…vssuch…that…

Itissuchadifficultproblemasnoonecanworkout.

Itissuchadifficultproblemthatnoonecanworkitout.

区别:

as引导定语从句，指代的先行词在从句中充当成分，翻译成“像…那样”.

that引导状语从句，只起连接作用，翻译成“如此…以至于…”.

★as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句整句话的内容，

区别：

which不能置于句首，翻译成“这，这件事”

as可以放在句首，翻译成“正如…”谓语动词经常为know,see,suggest,turnout

Asisknowntoall,theearthgoesaroundthesun.

Aswasexpectedbeforehand,theconcertwasverysuccessful.

Bambooishollow,whichmakesitveryhigh.

1.Ihaveboughtthesamedresssheiswearing.

A.asB.thatC.whichD.what

2.I'

dliketobuythesamebookwasreadbyTomyesterday.

A.whichB.asC.thatD.BorC

3.Thatisthesamemanaskedmeformoneyyesterday.

A.asB.whichC.thatD.AorC

4.SheisthesamegirlIsatnexttoinclasslastweek.

A.asB.whoC.thatD.AorC

5.Keepawayfromsuchthingswilldoyouharm.

A.asB.thatC.towhichD.which

6.Itwasn'

tsuchagooddinnershehadpromisedus.

A.thatB.asC.whichD.what

7.Hespokeforsuchalongtimepeoplebegantofallasleep.

8.Heisnotsuchafoolhelooks.

A.thatB.asC.whoD.whom

9.Itissuchadifficultproblemnobodycanworkout.

A.thatB.asC.sothatD.which

10.Arethesethesamepeoplewesawlastweek?

A.asB.whomC.whoD.what

【知识梳理8】关系副词where,when,why引导的定语从句

Doyouremembertheteahousewhereweusedtoplaychess?

（where=atwhich）

Therewasatimewhentherewasnoradio,TVorcinema.（when=duringwhich）

Thedaysaregonewhenhewasanignorantboy.（when=inwhich）

Theydidn’texplainthereasonwhytheyhadcanceledtherehearsal.（why=forwhich）

（定语从句中关系副词可以换成介词+关系代词）

有些先行词后面既可以用关系代词，也可以用关系副词。

判断的重点在于分析先行词在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。

以thecity为例

（1）Thisisthecitythat/whichIvisitedlastyear.

分析：

主句：

Thisisthecity.从句：

Ivisitedthecitylastyear.visit：

vt.，thecity充当的成分：

宾语

（2）ThisisthecitywhereIlivedlastyear.

Ilivedinthecitylastyear.live：

vi.，thecity充当的成分：

状语，表地点。

总结：

关系副词=介词/介词短语+关系代词

【例题精讲】

用适当的关系代词和关系副词填空

1）Thehouse____________liesinthebackofourclassroomistheteachers’office.

2）Thehouse___________doorfacesnorthisourteachers’office.

3）Ialwaysrememberthedays__________aremyfamily’sbirthday.

4）Ialwaysrememberthedays__________Ilivedwithmygrandparents.

5）Xiamen____________liesinthesoutheastofChinaisabeautifulcity.

6）Xiamen____________weliveinisabeautifulcity.

7）Xiamen_____________manyforeignerscometovisitisabeautifulcity.

8）Thisisthereason______________causedmelateforschooltoday.

9）Iquiteagreewiththereason_____________youtoldme.

10）Idon’tbelievethereason____________youwerelatethismorning.

选择

1.IshallneverforgetthoseyearsIlivedinthecountrywiththefarmers.

A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where

2.DoyoustillrememberthedayswespenttogetherinAustralia?

A.whenB.duringwhichC.whichD.onwhich

3.Thisisthelasttimewehavecometotaketheexaminationthisyear.

A.thatB.whenC.whichD.onwhich

5.Weoftenthinkofthedayswespenttogetherontheisland.

A.whenB.whichC.inwhichD.duringwhich

6.Ifashophaschairswomencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where

7.He'

sgothimselfintoadangeroussituationheislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.

A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why

8.IcanthinkofmanycasesstudentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn'

twriteagoodessay.

A.whyB.whichC.asD.where

9.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltownhegrewupasachild.

A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when

10.FiehasleftforBeijing,ameetingistobeheld.

A.whenB.whereC.asD.which

11..ThereasonIwritetoyouistotellyouaboutmynewfriendHenry.

A.becauseB.whyC.forD.as

12.Haveyoueveraskedhimthereasonmayexplainhisabsence?

A.whyB.whenC.thatD.what

13.Idon'

tknowthereasonshewaslate.

A.whenB.whereC.whatD.why

14.Thegardenerwascalledtotellthewaythepoordoghaddied.

A.thatB.whichC.AorDD.inwhich

15.InEnglish,wordsarenotalwaysspelledtheysound.

A.justsameB.thesameasC.thewayD.bythemeans

【知识梳理9】定语从句其他情况：

1.定语从句一般是修饰名词或代词，which,as可以修饰整个句子或句子的一部分。

Theyhaveinvitedmetodinner,whichisverykindofthem.

Hedislikedthegirl,aswasexpected.

2.偶尔也用but引导定语从句，这种情况已经比较少见了。

Thereisnotoneofusbutwishes（=whodoesnotwish）toimproveourEnglish.

我们没有一个人不想提高英语水平。

3.关系代词在从句中主语时，从句中的谓语动词形式由先行词决定。

ThestudentswhoareinGrade3aregoingtoclimbthehill.

4.分隔定语从句，定语从句有时不直接紧靠着先行词，中间有其他的成分隔开如定语，状语或谓语。

ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan’tunderstand.他的眼中有一种我不能理解的