初中英语语法句型转换之同义句.doc
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初中英语语法句型转换之同义句.doc
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初中英语语法——句型转换之同义句
(注意:
修改顺序)
同义句转换是句型转换题型中一种非常重要的形式。
所谓同义句转换,是指用不同的词汇、短语及句型表示相同或相近的意思。
它是中考命题的一大热点。
现将常见的同义句转换形式作一归纳,以期对同学们的中考复习有所帮助。
一、用同义词(组)或近义词(组)改写。
1.Thechildrenarewearingbeautifulclothes.
Thechildrenare_________beautifulclothes.
2.Everyday,YaoMingreceivesE-mailsfromthousandsofbasketballfans.
Everyday,YaoMing_________thousandsofbasketballfans.
3.Mr.Smithisworking.
Mr.Smithis____________________.
答案:
1.in2.hearsfrom3.atwork
简析:
英语中有不少同义、近义词(组),在平时学习中要注意总结归纳。
如:
enjoyoneself/haveagoodtime,lookafter/takecareof,difficult/hard,can/beableto,over/morethan,receive(get)aletterfrom/hearfrom等等。
二、用反义词(组)改写。
4.ChineseismorepopularthanJapanese.
Japaneseis__________popular__________Chinese.
5.Therunnercouldn'tcatchupwiththeothersintherace.
Therunner___________________theothersintherace.
6.AcomputerismoreusefulthanaVCD.
AVCDisnot_________useful_________acomputer.
答案:
4.less,than5.fellbehind6.as,as
简析:
此类转换应注意有时主语位置会改变,并要特别总结归纳反义词(组)。
如:
new-old,big-small,long-short,morethan-lessthan等。
三、用同义句型改写。
7.Annspenttwoweeksgettingreadyfortheexams.
It________Anntwoweeksto__________readyfortheexams.
8.Shespent30dollarsontheEnglish-Chinesedictionary.
TheEnglish-Chinesedictionary_____________________30dollars.
答案:
7.took,get8.costher
简析:
此类转换必须弄清每个句型的构成特点,而且还要注意句中每个句型的固定搭配。
如:
givesb.sth.与givesth.tosb.的转换,spendsometime(in)doingsth./onsth.与Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.的转换等等。
四、二句并一句转换为简单句。
9.Jimdoesn'tlikenoodles,andJackdoesn't,either.
_________Jim_________Jacklikesnoodles.
10.Mrs.Smithismyteacher.Sheisalsomygoodfriend.
Mrs.Smithis__________________myteacher__________________mygoodfriend.
答案:
9.Neither,nor10.notonly,butalso
简析:
英语中常用notonly...butalso,either...or,neither...nor,both...and等连词把两个意义相关的简单句合并成一个简单句。
解题过程中要注意连词的选用和主谓一致原则。
除此之外,还可用too...to,enoughto等把两个简单句合并成另一简单句。
如:
Tomisyoung.Hecan'tgotoschool.→Tomistooyoungtogotoschool.
五、用派生词或多义词改写。
11.Thesnowwasheavylastnight.
It__________________lastnight.
答案:
snowedheavily
简析:
句中名词snow和形容词heavy转换成了动词snowed和副词heavily。
六、并列句与复合句的互换。
12.Ifyouplaybasketballhere,youmaybreakthewindows.
_________playbasketballhere,_________youmaybreakthewindows.
13.Goonplantingtreesfortwomoreyearsandthehillwillbecoveredwithgreentrees.
Ifwegoonplantingtrees,thehillwill__________________intwo__________________.
答案:
12.Don't,or13.turngreen,years'time
简析:
含有祈使句的并列句,可转换为含if条件句的复合句。
七、简单句与复合句的互换。
14.Doyouknowhowyoucangetthekitedownfromthetree?
Doyouknow__________________getthekitedownfromthetree?
答案:
howto
简析:
复合句转换为简单句一般侧重于将从句变化为短语或词组,使其句意简单明了。
常见的转换方法有:
(1)用不定式替换、用介词短语替换、用名词短语替换、用分词短语替换;
(2)将宾语从句简化为"疑问词+不定式";(3)将so...that...(such...that...)引导的状语从句简化为含有too...to...(或enoughto)的简单句;(4)将if引导的状语从句简化为"祈使句,and(or)+句子"。
八、综合转换。
15.Somethingiswrongwiththatmachine.
Thatmachine__________________.
答案:
doesn'twork
简析:
综合转换是在整体把握句意的基础上,对原句重新进行概括表达,它在词汇、结构等多方面都有较大的变化。
至于一些特殊形式的变化,同学们在解题过程中要不断归纳总结,彻底掌握它们。
下面就请你做几道练习题一试身手吧!
1.Bikeisshortforbicycle.
Bikeis___________________________sayingbicycle.
2.IttookMaryanhourtodoherhomeworklastnight.
Mary________anhour_________herhomeworklastnight.
3.Theymadehimwork12hoursaday.
He____________________________________12hoursaday.
4.IamaLeaguemember.HeisaLeaguemember,too.
_________he_________I_________Leaguemembers.
5.Heissoyoungthathecan'tjointhearmy.
Heis_________young________thearmy.
6.Theplayersmiledandjumpedintotheriver.
Theplayerjumpedintotheriver___________________________.
7.Mr.BrownleftLondonsixyearsago.
Mr.Brown____________________________________Londonforsixyears.
8.Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon.
ThemoonIs____________________________________theearth.
9.Heisoneofmyfriends.
Heisafriend__________________.
10.Theteachertoldusthatweshouldnotmeetattheschoolgate.
Theteachertoldus___________________________attheschoolgate.
11.Ihavesomethingtotellyou.It'sinteresting.
Ihave__________________totellyou.
12.Isawthemplayingbasketballthere.
Isaw_________they__________________basketballthere.
13.Listencarefully,andyou'llbecomemoreinterested.
__________________listencarefully,you'llbecomemoreinterested.
14.Shehasbeenanurseforfiveyears.
It____________________________________shebecameanurse.
15.Allarehere,butourEnglishteacherisn't.
_________ishere_________ourEnglishteacher.
16.Itwa
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