中考英语复习形容词副词的比较等级Word下载.docx
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中考英语复习形容词副词的比较等级Word下载.docx
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_________youare,_______youwillget.
你越懒,收获越少。
3)“the比较级of+二者”“二者中较……的一个”
eg.1)Lucyistheyoungerofthetwins.
2)Of(A)thetwobooks(B)thisone(C)isthicker(D)._________
4)表示二者相差多少用“具体数量+比较级”
eg.He’saheadtallerthanme.
Mybrotheristwoyearsolderthanme
5)表示“是……几倍”时用“twice;
threetimes等+as…as”
eg.1)Thisbookcoststwiceasmuchasthatone.这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。
2)HehasfourtimesasmanybooksasIhave他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。
6)区别older/elder与farther/further
older(年龄较老的)
elder(指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的)
eg.My______brotheris______thanme.
farther(指距离“较远的”)
further(指抽象事物的“更进一步的”)
eg.1)Hewentabroadfor________studies.
2)Fusunis_________fromourschoolthanZhaohua.
形、副比较等级还应注意
1.比较级前用alittle;
much/alot;
even/still来加强语气,表示“……一点儿;
……得多;
更……”
eg.1)alittlebigger大一点儿
2)muchmore多得多
3)evenheavier更重
但注意:
不能在比较级前加so;
too;
very;
quite等。
2.比较级必须是同类事物相比(即as;
than后的词应与主语是同类事物),注意常用漏的代词有:
that;
those;
one;
ones
eg.1)Theapples(A)inthisbasket(B)areredder(C)thaninthatbasket(D)._________
2)Thisknife(A)isn’t(B)so(C)newasthat(D)._______________
3)Ourclassroom(A)is(B)bigger(C)thanLily(D)._______________
3.个体与整体相比,不能包括个体,常用“anyother+单数名词”来进行比较。
eg.1)Betty(是个体)isclevererthananystudentinherclass(是整体).(×
)
正:
Bettyisclevererthananyotherstudentinherclass.
=Bettyisclevererthananybodyelseinherclass.
=Bettyisthecleverestinherclass.
(特别注意以上三种句型的转换)
2)ChinaisbiggerthananycountryinAfrica.
中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。
3)ChinaisbiggerthananyothercountryinAsia.中国比亚洲的任何一个其他国家大。
*4.使用最高级时应把主语包括在范围内。
eg.Maryisthetallestofallhersisters.(×
(allhersisters已排除了Mary)
改:
Maryisthetallestofallthesisters.
5.表示“第二、第三……”时,可在最高级前加“second,third,…”(但“第一”不能用first)
eg.TheChangjiangRiveristhefirstlongestriverinChina.改错:
________________
附:
形、副比较级和最高级的变化规则
A、规则变化
1.“辅+y”结尾,变y为i加er,est
(但“形+ly”构成的副词除外)
2.双写加er,est
3.直接加er,est/r,st
4.在多音词前加more,most(以“形+ly”构成的副词也在前加more,most)
B、不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
many/much
more
most
bad/ill/badly
worse
worst
little
less
least
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
far
farther
further
farthest
furthest
另外:
1)以-er,-ow,-ble,-ple结尾的双音节词加er,est/r,st.
narrow________________
simple__________________
able______________
2)tired____________________
pleased_______________________
3)often_____________________________
friendly___________________________
4)在形容词的最高级前一般加the,副词的最高级前一般不加the(但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、所有格时则不再加the)。
eg.Lilyismythebestfriend.(改错)________
5)形容词作表语、定语,修饰名词(但部分形容词不能作定语,只能表语:
ill;
alone;
asleep;
afraid;
interested;
excited;
surprised).
副词作状语,修饰动词。
练习
一、写出下列词的比较级和最高级
thin________easy___________
early____________new____________
hot____________clever_____________
little___________late___________
narrow____________fat___________
many___________big___________
dangerous_____________________
wonderful_____________________
careful______________________
slowly______________________
popular______________________
二、选择填空
()1.Whichlanguageis____,English,FrenchorChinese?
A.difficultB.thedifficult
C.moredifficultD.themostdifficult
()2.YangpuBridgeisoneof___intheworld
A.biggerbridgeB.thebiggestbridge
C.thebiggestbridgesD.biggerbridges
()3.TomistallerthanMike.Butheisnot____Mike.
A.strongasB.sostrongas
C.sostrongD.asstrong
()4.MostofthepeopleinGuangdongaregetting______.
A.moreandrichB.morerichandmorerich
C.richerandricherD.richandrich
()5.Thistextis____easierand____interes-tingthanthatone.
A.more;
muchB.much;
more
C.more;
moreD.much;
much
()6.Whichdoyoulike____,beef,porkorchicken?
A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best
()7.Putonmoreclothes.Itissnowing___outside.A.stronglyB.heavyC.heavily
()8.Johndrivesas___asTom.
A.carefullyB.goodC.niceD.fine
()9.IsChinalargerthan____inAfrica.
A.anycountryB.anyothercountry
C.anycountriesD.allcountries
()10.My___brotheris___thanI.
A.elder,threeyearsolderB.older;
older
C.older;
threeyearselderD.elder;
elder
()11.LiMeiismorebeautifulthan___inherclass.
A.anygirlB.anyothergirl
C.allthegirlsD.anygirls
()12.Thisproblemis___thanthatone.
A.tentimeseasyB.tentimeseasier
C.tentimesmoreeasyD.tentimeeasier
()13.Thisfilmis___interestingthanthatone.
A.moreB.muchC.veryD.themost
()14.Thereis___intoday’snewspaper.
A.interestingnothingB.nothinginteresting
C.interestednothingD.nothinginterested
()15.Theteacheraskedallthestudentsintheclasstokeeptheireyes____.
A.closeB.tocloseC.closingD.closed
()16.Thefatmanalwayssayshismeatlooks____andsells_____.
A.good;
goodB.well;
well
C.good;
wellD.well;
good
()17.Itseemsthatmenare____makingcomputersthanwomen.
A.betteratB.goodat
C.wellinD.weakin
()18.Theword’spopulationisgrowingfasteveryminute,especiallyinsome___countries
A.westB.moredeveloped
C.eastD.lessdeveloped
()19.Thisbridgeisnot___longandwide____theoneinmyhometown.
A.so;
asB.very;
thanC.too;
asD.very;
as
()20.Ithinkthesonginthefilm“Titanic”is___oneofallthemoviesongs.
A.themostbeautifulB.mostbeautiful
C.muchmorebeautifulD.abeautiful
()21.LinTaoisas___asZhangHua.
A.strongB.stronger
C.strongestD.thestrongest
()22.Sarais___tired___moveafterthehardwork.
A.very;
toB.quite;
to
C.too;
toD.so;
that
()23.Jackdidn’trun___tocatchthebus.
A.enoughfastB.quicklyenough
C.enoughslowD.slowlyenough
()24.Thedriverisvery___.Heoftendriveshiscar_____.
A.careful;
carefulB.carefully;
carefully
C.carefully;
carefulD.careful;
()25.Look!
Allthechildrenareworking___onthefarm.
A.carefulB.hardC.busyD.happy
()26.ThepopulationofShanghaiis___thanthatofXi’an.
A.smallerB.fewerC.muchD.larger
附Ⅰ——动词的四种形式
A、动三单的变法
1)“辅+y”结尾,变y为i加es
2)“以s;
sh;
ch;
x;
o结尾,加es
3)直接加s
但have----has
B、现在分词的变法
1)去e加ing(e不发音)
2)双写加ing(“辅元辅”结尾且重读,y;
w列外)
3)直接加ing
写出下列动词的现在分词
1.see_______e________3.stop_______
4.open_______5.listen_______6.drop______
7.prefer________8.fix_______9.relax______
10.die_______11.tie_______12.lie_______
C、动词的过去式和过去分词
(一)不规则变化(见课本不规则变化表P255)
(二)规则变化
1)“辅+y”结尾,变y为i加ed
2)双写加ed
3)直接加ed
写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词
1.drop_____________2.stop____________
3.prefer_________________
4.study____________5.try__________
6.fix___________7.relax____________
附Ⅱ——情态动词(can/could;
may/might;
must;
should)+动原
1.must(必须)——needn’t(不必)
may(可以)——mustn’t(不许;
不准;
不可以)
2.注意几个题:
1)—MayIgowithyou?
—No,you_________.
2)—MustIturnoffthelightnow?
—Yes,you______/No,you_________
附Ⅲ——动词不定式与动名词
A、动词不定式作宾补
1)tell/ask/wantsbtodo______________
否定式:
tell/ask/wantsbnottodo__________
____________________
2)省to不定式作宾补
即:
(l,m,n,3h,2看,1f)sbdo
l—let;
m—make;
n—notice;
3h—hear,have,help;
2看—see,watch;
1f—feel
1)helpsb(to)do(to可省、可不省)
2)在改作被动语态时省去的to应还原
eg.Someoneheardhimsingintheroom.
Hewasheardtosingintheroom.
B、动词不定式与动名词的区别
1.(hope;
learn;
want=wouldlike;
decide)todo
2.(enjoy;
finish;
keep;
mind;
practise)doing
8.介词+doing
eg.1)What/Howaboutdoing
2)begoodatdoing
附Ⅳ——宾语从句与状语从句中的时态
1.状语从句中的时态:
主句
时间、条件句
1)一般将来时2)祈使句3)情态动词原形
一般现在时
一般过去时
eg.1)I’llcallyouassoonashe______(come)back.
2)Hewon’tgotobeduntilhe_________(finish)hishomework.
3)I’llhelpyouifI_____(be)freetomorrow
2.宾语从句中的时态:
宾语从句
一切时态
过去范畴的某一时态(一般过去时;
过去进行时;
过去完成时;
过去将来时)
但当宾语从句是指客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象时,则只能用一般现在时。
eg.1)Hesaidhisfather_________(come)backintwodays.
2)Theteachersaidlight________(travel)fasterthansound.
附Ⅴ——主谓一致
1.表“时间、距离、金钱、长度”的名词短语做主语时应看作一个整体,视为三单
eg.Twomonthsisquitealongtime.
2.people;
police形单实为复,作主为复
eg.Thepolicearelookingforthemissingboy.
3.maths,news,physics形复实为单,作主为单
4.family;
class看作整体时作主语为单数;
看作整体中的各成员时则为复数。
eg.1)Myfamilyisabigone.
2)MyfamilyarewatchingTV.
5.由with,except,aswellas连接的两名词作主语,谓语由前者决定
eg.TheteacherwithhisstudentsisgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.
6.由neither…nor;
either…or;
notonly…boutalso连接的两名词作主语,谓语由后者决定
eg.NeitherhenorIamateacher.
7.不定代词(something;
anything;
nothing;
someone;
anyone;
everyone…)作主语为三单
Nobodyknowsitexceptme.
8.Oneof+复名…作主语为单数
eg.Oneofmyfriendsisacomputerengineer.
9.“the+姓的复数”作主语为复数
eg.TheLiusarewatchingTVnow.
10.sheep;
deer;
fish单复同形,注意区别作主语是单还是复
eg.1)The
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