Readings in SonnetsWord下载.docx
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Readings in SonnetsWord下载.docx
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1.delayed:
Tempered.
2.augmentedmanifold:
Increasedbymanytimesandinmanyways.
3.congealed:
Thickened.
4.kind:
Nature.
Questions:
1.Whoisthespeaker?
2.Explainthecontrastsinthepoemandexplaintheireffects?
(fireandice;
actionandinaction;
naturalandhumanlaws)
3.Explaintheironiesinthepoem.
4.Explainthepatternofimageryanditseffect.(passivityandinaction)
5.Whatcanbeinferredabouthislove?
6.Isitacelebration,recognitionorresignationofthepoweroflove?
7.Howdoyouexplainthethemeofthepoem?
Thesonnetisabouttheanxietysufferedbythespeakerinfaceofhisunrequitedlove.Inthis“fireandice”sonnet,thespeakerdramatizestheconflictofhisburningdesiretobewithaladywhoshowscoldindifferencetohim.Thespeakerinthefirstquatrainusesthemetaphoricalcomparisonsofthedramaticallyopposites,fireandice,whichareessentiallyincompatible,andwhichrepresenttwooppositeextremesofnaturalconditions.Thesetwostates,insteadofbeingcontradictorytooneanother,asfiremeltsiceandiceextinguishesfire,areactuallycomplementarytooneanother.Thespeakerwonderswhynaturallawsdonotworkinhisrelationshipwithhisbeloved,wherehisfireofdesiredoesnotseemtohavetheexpectedanddesiredeffectonhislady’siceofindifference.Inthesecondquatrain,theideaisfurthereddeveloped,wherehisromanticendeavorsonlyseemtobringaboutmoreindifferenceinhisbeloved.Thespeaker’samazementatthestateofhisloveisaugmentedbytherepeatedquestionsheasksinthefirsttwoquatrainsandbythecontrastbetweennaturallawsandhumanlaws.Thespeakeralsousesverbalironiesinsuchexpressionsas“miraculousthing”and“wonderfuldevice,”whicharecoloredbyasenseofbitternessandexpresshisdismayandevendisbeliefatthecourseofdevelopmentofhisloveratherthanhisexcitementoverthepoweroflove.Intheendingcouplet,thespeakerdoesnotcometoacelebrationoflove’spower,butrather,toarecognitionorperhapsevenaresignation,inwhichthespeakerrealizesthatthelove’spowerissogreatthatitchangesthecourseofnature,andthatheishelplesslycaptivatedbyhisbeloved,andthatheiscompletelyathermercy.
AmorettiSonnet75
OnedayIwrotehernameuponthestrand,
Butcamethewavesandwasheditaway;
AgainIwroteitwithasecondhand,
Butcamethetideandmademypainshisprey.
“Vainman,”saidshe“thoudostinvainassay
Amortalthingsotoimmortalize,
ForImyselfshallliketothisdecay,
Andekemynamebewipedoutlikewise.”
“Notso,”quothI“letbaserthingsdevise
Todieindust,butyoushalllivebyfame:
Myverseyourvirtuesrareshalleternize,
Andintheheavenswriteyourgloriousname;
Where,whenasdeathshallalltheworldsubdue,
Ourloveshalllive,andlaterliferenew.”
1.strand:
beach.
2.assay:
try.
3.eek:
also.
4.quod:
said.
5.devise:
plan.
1.Whatisthesettingofthepoem?
2.Identifyimageryandsymbolsinthepoem?
3.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthispoetry?
4.Whodoesthewritingandthereforeisthegiveroflife?
5.Whatisthethemeofthepoem?
Thesonnetisaboutthespeaker’screativepoeticpowertoeternalizethebeautyofhisbeloved.Inthissonnetspeakertriestoimmortalizehisbelovedinhisverse,athemerecurrentinRenaissanceliterature.Thesonnet’spersonaltouchisenhancedbyanintimatedialogueandrealisticsetting.Thespeakerbeginswithaveryordinary,andyetcharmingincidentthatmayoccuranydaybytheseaside.Thesonnetishandledinsuchawayastomakeitintimatelypersonal.Itcreatesapictureoftenderyounglovethroughtheconversationbetweenhisladyandhimself,absorbedineachother,againstthebackgroundoftheeternalsea,whichforeverthreatenstowipeouttheirexistence.Thespeakerfirsttriestopreservethisexperienceforeverandhisbelovedinsand,butthewaveswipeouthernamejustascrueltimedestroyseveryman-madething.Neverthelesshefeelsconfidentthatheisabletoimmortalizehislovebyadifferentkindofwriting,hispoetry,nomatterhowshortlifeonearthmaybe.Atthesametimethewritingofthelady’sname,whichisthecentralimageofthepoem,istransferredfromearthtoheaven.Inthissonnet,love,immortality,artandreligiousbeliefarecloselyinterwovenasawhole.
Shakespeareansonnets
MostofShakespeareansonnetsarededicatedtoMr.W.H
PossiblyHenryWriothesley(theEarlofSouthampton).
18
ShallIcomparetheetoasummer'
sday?
Thouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate:
RoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofMay,
Andsummer'
sleasehathalltooshortadate:
Sometimetoohottheeyeofheavenshines,
Andoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimmed,
Andeveryfairfromfairsometimedeclines,
Bychance,ornature'
schangingcourseuntrimmed:
Butthyeternalsummershallnotfade,
Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouow'
st,
Norshalldeathbragthouwander'
stinhisshade,
Whenineternallinestotimethougrow'
Solongasmencanbreathe,oreyescansee,
Solonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.
1.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstquatrain?
Thesecondquatrain?
Thethirdquatrain?
2.Whatisthedominantconceitofthissonnet?
Doesitproceedstraightforwardlyorisitquestioned?
3.Whatdoyoumakeofthepoet'
suseofnatureasabaseofcomparisoninlightofthepoet'
sclaimofthepoem"
thisgiveslifetothee"
?
4.Whatisthespeaker’spurposeforwritingthissonnet?
5.Whataremaincausesofdeathanddegeneration?
6.Commentontheword“lease”.
7.Howisdeathovercome?
8.CommentonShakespeare’sconfidenceinhisworks.
9.Whatrelationshipbetweenartandlifeisexpressedintheendingcouplet?
Sonnet66
Tiredwithallthese,forrestfuldeathIcry,
Astobeholddesertabeggarborn,
Andneedynothingtrimm’dinjollity,
Andpurestfaithunhappilyforsworn,
Andgildedhonourshamefullymisplac’d,
Andmaidenvirtuerudelystrumpeted,
Andrightperfectionwrongfullydisgrac’d,
Andstrengthbylimpingswaydisabled
Andartmadetongue-tiedbyauthority,
Andfolly,doctor-like,controllingskill,
Andsimpletruthmiscall’dsimplicity,
Andcaptivegoodattendingcaptainill:
Tir’dwithallthese,fromthesewouldIbegone,
Savethat,todie,Ileavemylovealone.
1.Whoisthespeaker?
Towhomisheaddressing?
2.Whatisthetoneofthepoem?
(sad,orangry?
)
3.Whatisthemainfigureofspeech?
Whatistheeffectoftheparadox?
4.Whateffectdoestherepetitionofline2toline12have?
5.
1.desert:
adeservingperson,aworthwhileperson.
2.needynothingtrimm’dinjollity:
onelackingingoodqualitieswhohasmanagedtogethimselfdressedupinfrivolousandexpensiveclothesandornaments.
3.Savethat:
exceptthat
Thesonnetconsistsoftwosentenceswiththefirstrunningallthewaythroughthethreequatrainsandendingwiththeotherinthecouplet.Thesheerimbalanceoftheformalstructureofitsuggeststhemonstrosityofthestateofaffairasthespeakerfindsit,whichhelamentsbylistingitsevilsandinjustices.Thestateofaffairsmakestherestfuldeathattractiveandtheonlythingthatdelayshimishislove.ItechoesHamletinhisfamous‘Tobeornottobe’soliloquy’inHamletAct.III.Scene1:
“Forwhowouldbearthewhipsandscornsoftime,/Theoppressor'
swrong,theproudman'
scontumely,/Thepangsofdespisedlove,thelaw'
sdelay,/Theinsolenceofofficeandthespurns/Thatpatientmeritoftheunworthytakes”.ThesamethematicstructureisalsoparalleledbyP.B.Shelley’s“Sonnet:
Englandin1819,”whichrunsasfollows:
Englandin1819byShelley
Anold,mad,blind,despised,anddyingking,
Princes,thedregsoftheirdullrace,whoflow
Throughpublicscorn,mudfromamuddyspring,
Rulerswhoneithersee,norfeel,norknow,
Butleech-liketotheirfaintingcountrycling,
Tilltheydrop,blindinblood,withoutablow,
Apeoplestarvedandstabbedintheuntilledfield,
Anarmy,whichliberticideandprey
Makesasatwo-edgedswordtoallwhowield
Goldenandsanguinelawswhichtemptandslay;
ReligionChristless,Godlessabooksealed;
ASenate,Time’sworststatuteunrepealed,
Aregraves,fromwhichagloriousPhantommay
Burst,toillumineourtempestuousday.
Questionsfordiscussions:
1.Whatdothetwopoemshaveincommon?
2.Whatdotheydiffer?
(intone,intheme,andpurpose?
Sonnet116byShakespeare
Letmenottothemarriageoftrueminds
Admitimpediments.Loveisnotlove
Whichalterswhenitalterationfinds,
Orbendswiththeremovertoremove:
O,no!
itisanever-fixedmark,
Thatlooksontempestsandisnevershaken;
Itisthestartoeverywanderingbark,
Whoseworth'
sunknown,althoughhisheightbetaken.
Love'
snotTime'
sfool,thoughrosylipsandcheeks
Withinhisbendingsickle'
scompasscome;
Lovealtersnotwithhisbriefhoursandweeks,
Butbearsitouteventotheedgeofdoom.
Ifthisbeerroranduponmeproved,
Ineverwrit,norno
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