江苏专转本英语真题和答案解析Word格式.docx
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江苏专转本英语真题和答案解析Word格式.docx
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Thereare4passageinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
PassageOne
Questions1to5basedonthefollowingpassage.
Weusebothwordsandgesturestoexpressourfeelings,buttheproblemisthatthesewordsandgesturescanbeunderstoodindifferentways.
Itistruethatasmilemeansthesamethinginanylanguage.Sodoes
laughterorcrying.Therearealsoanumberofstrikingsimilaritiesinthe
waydifferentanimalsshowthesamefeelings.Dogs,tigersandhumans,forexample,oftenshowtheirteethwhentheyareangry.Thisisprobablybecausetheyarebornwiththosebehaviorpatterns.
Fearisanotheremotionthatisshowninmuchthesamewayalloverthe
world.InChineseandEnglishliterature,aphraselike“hewentpaleand
begantotremble”suggeststhatthemaniseitherveryafraidordeeplyshocked.However,“heopenedhiseyeswide”isusedtosuggestangerinChinesewhereasinEnglishitmeanssurprise.InChinesesurprisecanbedescribedinaphraselike“theystretchedouttheirtongues”.StickingoutyourtongueinEnglishisaninsultinggestureorexpressesstrongdislike.
Eveninthesameculture,peopledifferintheabilitytounderstandand
expressfeelingsExperimentsinAmericahaveshownthatwomenareusuallybetterthanmenatrecognizingfear,angerloveandhappinessonpeople’sfaces.Otherstudiesshowthatolderpeopleusuallyfinditeasiertorecognizeorunderstandbodylanguagethanyoungerpeopledo.
1.Accordingtothepassage,_________.
.专业知识编辑整理.
A.wecanhardlyunderstandwhatpeople’sgesturesmean
B.wordsandgesturesmayhavedifferentmeaningsindifferentculturesC.wordscanbebetterunderstandbyolderpeople
D.gesturescanbebetterunderstandbymostofthepeoplewhilewordscannot
2.People’sfacialexpressionsmaybemisunderstandbecause______。
A.peopleofdifferentagesmayhavedifferentunderstandings
B.peoplehavedifferentcultures
C.peopleofdifferentsexesmayunderstandagesturedifferently
D.peopleofdifferentcountriesspeakdifferentlanguages
3.Eveninthesameculture,people_______.
A.havedifferentabilitiestounderstandandexpressfeelings
B.haveexactlythesameunderstandingofsomething
C.neverfailtounderstandeachother
D.areequallyintelligent
4.Fromthispassage.wecanconclude_______.
A.wordsareusedasfrequentlyasgestures
B.wordsareoftenfounddifficulttounderstand
C.wordsandgesturesarebothusedinexpressingfeelings
D.gesturesaremoreefficientlyusedthanwords
5.Thebesttitleforthispassagebe________.
A.WordsandFeelings
B.Words,GesturesandFeelings
C.GesturesandFeelings
D.CultureandUnderstanding
PassageTwo
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
TheEnglishpolicemanhasseveralnicknamesbutthemostfrequentlyusedare“copperand”“bobby”The.firstnamecomesformtheverb“tocop”(
whichisalsoslang),meaning“totake”or“tocapture,”andthesecondcomesformthefirstnameofSirRobertPeel,a19thcenturypolitician,whowasthefounderofthepoliceforceasweknowittoday.Anearlynicknameforthepolicemanwas“peeler,but”thisonehasdiedout.
Whateverwemaycallthem,thegeneralopinionofthepoliceseemstobea
favorableone,except,ofcourse,amongthecriminalpartofthecommunity
wherethepolicearegivenmorederogatorynicknameswhichoriginatedin
America,suchas“fuzzor”“pig.”VisitorstoEnglandseemtobevery
impressedbytheEnglishpolice.Ithas,infact,becausestandingjokethat
thevisitortoBritain,whenaskedforhisviewsofthecountry,willalways
say,atsomepointorother,“Ithinkyourpolicemenarewonderful”.
Well,theBritishbobbynotalwaysbewonderfulbutheisusuallyavery
friendlyandhelpfulsortofcharacter.Amusic-hallsongofsomeyearsago
wascalled“IfYouWantToKnowTheTime,AskAPoliceman”.Nowadays,mostpeopleownwatchesbuttheystillseemtofindplentyofotherquestions
toaskthepoliceman.InLondon,thepolicemanspendsomuchoftheirtimedirectingvisitorsaboutthecitythatonewondershowtheyeverfindtimetodoanythingelse.
TwothingsareimmediatelynoticeabletothestrangerwhenheseesanEnglishpolicemanforthefirsttime.Thefirstisthatdoesnotcarryapistolandthesecondisthathewearsaverydistinctivetypeofheadgear,
thepoliceman’shelmet.Hishelmet,togetherwithhisheight,enablesanEnglishpolicemantobetimeitissuggestedthatthepolicemanshouldbegivenapistolandthanhishelmetshouldbetakenformhim,butbothsuggestionsareresistedbythemajorityofthepublicandthepolicethemselves.
6.NowadaysBritishpeoplecallthepoliceman________.
A.pigB.peelerC.bobbyD.fuzz
7.WhichoffollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A.TherearefewercriminalsinAmericathaninBritain.
B.B.TheEnglishpoliceusuallyleaveadeepimpressiononvisitors.
C.TheEnglishbobbyisfriendlybutnothelpful.
D.TheEnglishpoliceenjoyhavingpistols.
8.IfyouseeanEnglishpolicemanforthefirsttime,youwillprobablynoticeatoncethat_______.
A.heoftentellspeopletimeC.hehasahelmetonthehead
B.heisusuallyveryhelpful
D.hewearsspecialclothes
9.ThatanEnglishpolicemancanbeseenformsomedistanceis______.
A.astandingjoke
B.ofnohelp
C.strangeandfunny
D.ofsomehelp
10.VisitorspraisetheEnglishpolicebecause______.
A.theyarepoliceandhelpful
B.theyobeyorders
C.theyoftengivethanks
D.theyarearmedwithmodernequipment
PassageThree
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasesforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.
Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlatterforlateruse.Itnotonlyincludes“remembering”thingslikearithmeticorhistoricalfactsbutalsoinvolvesanychangeinthewayananimaltypicallybehaves.Memoryisinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassniffedsomethingsuspiciousinthegrainpile.Memoryisalsoinvolvedwhenasix-year-oldchildlearnstoswingabaseballbat.
Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.Computers,forexample,containdevicesforstoringdataforlateruse.Itisinterestingtocomparethememory-storagecapacity
ofacomputerwiththatofahumanbeing.Theinstant-accessmemoryofalargecomputermayholdupto100,000“words—”readyforinstantuse.AnaverageAmericanteenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningofabout100,000wordsofEnglish.However,thisisbutafractionofthetotalamountofinformation
whichtheteenagerhasstored.Consider,forexample,thenumberoffacesandplacesthattheteenagercanrecognizeonsight.
Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblemsolvingintelligenceofhumanbeings.Alargepartofaperson’smemoryisintermsofwordsandcombinationsofwords.
11.Accordingtothepassage,memoryisconsideredtobe________.
A.thebasisfordecisionmakingandproblemsolving
B.theabilitytostoreinformationforfutureuse
C.anintelligencetypicallypossessedbyhumanbeings
D.thedatamainlyconsistingofwordsandcombinationsofwords
12.Thecomparisonbetweenthememorycapacityofalargecomputerandthatofahumanbeingshowsthat______.
A.computer’smemoryhasalittlebiggercapacitythanateenager’sB.computer’smemorycapacityismuchsmallerthananadulthumanbeing’s
C.computer’smemorycapacityismuchsmallereventhanateenager’s
D.computer’smemorycapacityisthesameasateenager’s
13.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.
A.onlyhumanbeingshaveproblem-solvingintelligence
B.aperson’smemoryisdifferentfromacomputer’sineveryrespect
C.animalscansolveverysimpleproblems
D.animalssolveproblemsbyinstinctratherthanintelligence
14.Thephrase“intermof”inthelastsentencecanbebestreplacedby
“______.”
A.inconnectionwith
B.expressedby
C.consisting
D.bymeansof
15.Themainideaofthepassageis________.
A.whatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory
B.memoryisofvitalimportancetolife
C.howaperson’smemoryisdifferentforman
animal’soracomputer’s
D.whatmemorycarries
PassageFour
Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Clearlyifwearetoparticipateinthesocietyinwhichwelivewemust
communicatewithotherpeople.Agreatdealofcommunicationisperformedona
person-to-personbasisbythesimplemeansofspeech.Ifwetravelinbuses,
buy
thing
in
shops
or
eatin
restaurants,wearelikely
tohave
conversationswherewegiveinformationoropinions,receivenewsorcomment
andverylikelyha
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