无锡市最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题含答案文档格式.docx
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无锡市最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题含答案文档格式.docx
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award.Andbeforelonghegotanickname:
"
Mr.BuffaloRiver."
Buttherewasonlysomuchhecoulddo—theriverwasstilldeclaredbiologicallydeadin1969.
JillSpisiakJedlickaishisgreat-grandniece.Shepicksupwhereheleftoffbydirectingtheriver'
sprotectororganization,BuffaloNiagaraWaterkeeper.ProfessorSchneeklothandsevenfriendsfoundedtheorganizationasanall-volunteernonprofitin1989,afterorganizingthefirstrivercleanupthatyear.Todaythegroupemploys27full-timeworkersandhashelpedoverseetheBuffaloRiver'
s$100millionrestoration.
Sofar,theBuffaloRiver'
swaterqualityhasrestored,butitisstillanongoingissue,assewage(污水)canoverflowintotheriverafterstorms.Habitatrestorationcontinuesaswell;
fishandplantingsarestillbeingsampledtomeasurehowwellit'
sgone.
(1)WhatdidtheBuffaloRiverusetobe?
A.
Awaterwayontheyearbook.
B.
Ariverheavilypolluted.
C.
AgreatattractionofBuffalo'
s.
D.
Aplaceworthfightingfor.
(2)WhywasMr.Spisiaknamed"
Mr.BuffaloRiver"
?
Becausehisfateshiftedinthe1960s.
BecausehespotteddumpersontheRiver.
Becausehesparednoeffortstoprotecttheriver.
Becausetheriverwasdeclaredbiologicallydead.
(3)Howlongdidittakefortherivertorestore?
Morethanhalfacentury.
Justfourdecades.
About30years.
Only27years.
(4)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthistext?
TherestorationoftheBuffaloRiver
StanleySpisiak:
The"
Mr.BuffaloRiver"
ThefutureoftheBuffaloRiver
Riverprotection:
Alongwaytogo
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了被污染的theBuffaloRiver的恢复。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的”nevergaveupontheirpollutedriver—theBuffaloRivergraduallywentfrombeingconsideredalostcausetoaplaceworthfightingfor.“;
第二段中的”Bythe1960s,theriverwasseenasoneoftheworstsourcesofpollutionpouringintotheGreatLakes.TheBuffaloRiverhadcaughtfiremanytimes.Thesurfacehadanoilylayer,andanyfishcaughttherewerenoteatable.“可知,theBuffaloRiver过去是一条被严重污染的河。
故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的”StanleySpisiakwasalocalPolish—Americanjewelerbyday,butbyeveninghewasthekindofguywho'
award.Andbeforelonghegotanickname:
‘Mr.BuffaloRiver.’"
可知,Mr.Spisiak被称为“Mr.BuffaloRiver”是因为他不遗余力地保护这条河。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Ittookdecadesforpublicperceptionoftherivertoshift.”公众对这条河的看法改变花了几十年的时间;
第二段中的“Bythe1960s,theriverwasseenasoneoftheworstsourcesofpollutionpouringintotheGreatLakes.”到了20世纪60年代,这条河被认为是五大湖最严重的污染源之一。
;
以及最后一段中的“Sofar,theBuffaloRiver'
swaterqualityhasrestored,”到目前为止,布法罗河的水质已经恢复”可知,这条河花了多半个世纪才恢复。
故选A。
(4)考查主旨大意。
第一段和第二段说明了theBuffaloRiver严重受污染的情况,第三、四段介绍了为改变污染状况所做的努力,以及最后一段中的“Sofar,theBuffaloRiver'
swaterqualityhasrestored,butitisstillanongoingissue,assewage(污水)canoverflowintotheriverafterstorms.Habitatrestorationcontinuesaswell;
fishandplantingsarestillbeingsampledtomeasurehowwellit'
sgone.”是其现状。
综上可知,本文讲述的是被污染的theBuffaloRiver的恢复。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,要求考生准确捕捉细节信息,同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理,概括归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Withalltherecentconcernabouttheenvironment,peoplewanttoseetheirmoneyusedtobettertheplanet.Herearefourwell-knownenvironmentalorganizations.
WorldWildlifeFund(WWF)
TheWorldWildlifeFundisperhapsoneofthebest-knownorganizationsfortheprotectionofendangeredspeciesandtheirhabitatsaroundtheworld.They'
vebeenaroundforover45years.Youcandonatethroughtheirwebsiteworldwildlife.org,jointheirorganizationasamember,oradoptananimalthroughtheironlineadoptioncenter.
NationalGeographicSociety(NGS)
NationalGeographicSocietyiswell-knownfortheirmagazineandtheirspecialsonTV.Theorganizationitselfisoneofthelongest-runningintheworld—they'
vebeenaroundsince1888,focusonexplorationandconservationofforests,oceans,habitats,speciesandsocieties.Youchopsetodonatethroughthewebsite,buysomethingattheironlinestore,ororderamagazinesubscription.
NationalWildlifeFederation(NWF)
Foundedofficiallyin1937,theNationalWildlifeFederationtriestoprotectwildlifeatallcosts.Infact,theybelievethathavingthepubliceducatedisthebestwaytohelptheenvironment—-themoreyouknow,themoreyoucanprotecttheworldwelivein.DonationstotheNWFcanbemadethroughtheirwebsitenwf.orgorthroughotheroptions,likematchinggifts,workplacegiving,ormemorialdonations.
EcologyFund,com
Setupin1976,EcologyFund,comisrunonuserclicks.Advertisersbuyadspaceonthesiteeverytimesomeoneclicks.Themoneygoestobuyendangeredwildernesslandtoprotectitfromcompaniesthatwoulddestroyit.Sofar,EcologyFund,comhasboughtlandinmanyareas.Thebestthingaboutthissiteisthatyouneedn'
tdonateanymoney—allyouhavetodoisclick.
(1)Whichenvironmentalorganizationhasthelongesthistory?
EcologyF.
WorldWildlifeFund.
NationalGeographicSociety.
NationalWildlifeFederation.
(2)WhatdoesNWFthinkisthemostimportantinenvironmentalprotection?
Knowledge.
Management.
Money.
Patience.
(3)InwhatwaydoesEcologyFdifferfromtheotherthreeorganizations?
Thesizeofnetworks.
Thewayofoperation.
Thestrengthofinfluence.
Thedegreeofpopularity.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四个著名的环保组织。
纵观全文可知,WWF有45年以上的历史;
NGS从1888年就开始存在,迄今已有超过100年的历史;
NWF成立于1937年;
EcologyF成立于1976年,因此NGS时间最长。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据
NationalWildlifeFederation(NWF)部分中的“Infact,theybelievethathavingthepubliceducatedisthebestwaytohelptheenvironment—-themoreyouknow,themoreyoucanprotecttheworldwelivein.”可知,NWF认为,让公众受教育是帮助环境的最佳方式——你知道得越多,就越能保护我们所生活的这个世界。
可知,NWF认为知识在环保中是最重要的。
EcologyFund,com部分中的“Thebestthingaboutthissiteisthatyouneedn'
tdonateanymoney—allyouhavetodoisclick.”可知,EcologyF是靠用户的点击率获得广告收入的方式运营的,用户无需捐钱,他们只需要点击即可,而其它三个环保组织都接受包括捐款在内的多种方式的支持。
可知,EcologyF与其它3个环保组织的运营方式不同。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Citytreesgrowfasteranddieyoungerthantreesinruralforestry,anewstudyfinds.Overtheirlifetimes,then,urbantreeswilllikelyabsorblessCO2fromtheairthanforesttrees.
Asweallknow,theearthwouldbefreezingorburninghotwithoutCO2.However,CO2isagreenhousegas,meaningittrapsenergyfromthesunas/heat.Thatmakestemperaturesnearthegroundrise.Humanactivities,especiallythewidespreadburning-offossil(化石)fuels,havebeensendingextragreenhousegasesintotheair.Thishasledtoariseinaveragetemperaturesacrosstheglobe.
StudieshadshownforestsreadilyabsorbCO2,buttherehadn'
tbeenmuchdataonwhethercitytreesgrow,dieandabsorbCO2atthesamerateasforesttreesdo.Sosomeresearchersdecidedtofindout.
Tofigureouthowquicklytreesweregrowing,researcherstrackedtheirdiameters(thewidthoftheirtrunks)between2005and2014.Atree'
sdiameterincreasesasitgrows,justasaperson'
swaistsizeincreasesastheygainweight.Abouthalftheweightofatreeiscarbon,researchhasshown.Mostoftherestiswater.Overthenineyears'
tracking,theresearchersfoundcitytreesabsorbedfourtimesasmuchcarbonfromtheairasforesttrees.However,theyweretwiceaslikelytodie.Sooverthelifetimeofeachtypeoftree,foresttreesactuallyabsorbedmoreCO2.
Citytreesgrewfasterbecausetheyhadlesscompetitionforlightfromtheirneighbors.Inaforest,treestendtogrowclosetogether,shadingtheirneighbors.Streettreesalsobenefitfromhigherlevelsofnitrogen(氮)inrainwater.Nitrogenhelpsplantsgrow.Wastegasesfromgas-burningcarsalsocontainnitrogen,thusenrichingcityairwithnitrogen.Later,rainwatermaywashmuchofittotheground.Somestreettreesmayalsohavebetteraccesstowaterthantreesinthecountrybecausetheundergroundwaterpipescanleak.
(1)WhatcanheknownaboutCO2fromparagraph2?
Itisoneofthesideeffectsofgreenhouses.
Itgreatlyacc
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