上海中考英语各语法点基础考点归纳.doc
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上海中考英语各语法点基础考点归纳.doc
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冠词
一、固定词组
1.有些固定词组中有the:
inthemiddleof,gotothecinema/movies,playtheviolin/piano/guitar,intheend,thesame
2.有些词组中不用任何冠词:
bybus,playfootball,playchess,gotoschool,gotobed,atfirst,loseweight
3.有些词组中加a:
catchabus,inahurry,takeawalk,
二、专有名词前
1.国家、城市等专有名词前不加the:
Shanghai,inNewYork,inAmerica,但是theUnitedSates要加the
2.由普通名词构成的专有名词前加theGreatWall,
3.江河、海洋、山川前加the:
theYangtzeRiver,thePacific,theYellowMountains
三.一日三餐、四季、一星期七天及十二个月,next前不加任何冠词
1.forbreakfast/lunch/supper
2.inspring/summer/autumn/winter
3.onMonday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday/Saturday/Sunday
4.inJanuary,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December
四、宇宙中独一无二的事物,序数词,形容词最高级,only所修饰的名词前用the
1.thesun,themoon,theearth
2.theeighth,thetwelfth,thetwentieth,thefourth
3.thebiggest,themostpopular
4.theonlykey
五、形容词加the,表示这一类人theblind,thedeaf,theold,therich,thepoor
六、单词前面用“an”还是“a”取决于单词开头的读音是否是原音
1.a:
ausefuldictionary,auniversitystudent,aEuropeanvillage,aone-eyedcaptain,auniform
2.an:
anhour,anhonestgirl,ane-mail,animportantletter,anexchangestudent,anuncle
anX-rayphotograph,anMBAcourse,
Thereis__an__”f”intheword“first”.(f,h,l,m,n,s,x,r,)
介词
分类记忆:
一、时间介词
具体哪一天on,几点钟前用at,年、月份前用in,早上、下午、晚上用in,但是具体某一天的早上、下午、晚上用on。
last,next,this,that,some,every等词之前一律不用介词
OnChristmasDay,onDecember14,2013,onthemorningofDecember15,
二、地点介词
三、短语中固定搭配的介词
carefor,basedon,inone’sthirties,concentrateon=focuson,theanswertothequestion,thekeytothedoor,Sheisofaverageheight,sharewith,beresponsiblefor,add…to,
四、方式介词by,with
bybus,bytrain,bye-mail,byexpressmail,bycreditcard
writewithapen,sayitinEnglish
五、表示形容词、副词比较范围的
of/among+代词,名词或数词,in+表示地点或集体的名词
Johnwasthefirstonthelistofthefamousstarsbecausehewastherichest______them.
代词
一、人称代词
1.顺序:
单数:
二、三、一复数:
一、二、三
Johnsitsamong______,_______andme.
A.Mary…youB.she…youC.you…MaryD.you…she
2.主格宾格:
主格——主语,宾格——宾语(动词或介词后)
Thejournalistinterviewed________.(he,his,him)
Ishow_______aroundthecity.(they,their,them)
3.名词性物主代词
Thecinemainourneighborhoodisoldandsmall,but______isbigandmodern.(they,them,.their,theirs)
Mum,haveyoueverseenDanny’ssportsshoes?
Iwantapairlike_______.(he)
afriendofmine/his/myfather’s
I______we______you_______he_______her________they_______
4、反身代词
enjoyoneself,helponeselftosth,learn…byoneself=teachoneself
Imadeitmyself.
I______we______you_______he_______her________they_______it________
不定代词
1.theother,others,another,theothers
Some…._______One…_________
another+可数名词的单数
固定词组一个接着一个_________________
Willyoupleaseshowme_________one?
Have_______try,andyou’llsucceed.
2.形容词修饰不定代词、形容词后置
somethingnecessary
3.either_______,neither______,both______,all_______,none________
Thereportsays__________ofthetwocountriesinAsiasupportsthewar.
Afteryougetoffthebus,youcantake________ofthetwoMetroLinestoZhongshanPark.
eithersidebothsides
4.few,afew,little,alittle
It’sunusualforhimtobesoactivebecauseheisoftenaboyof_______words.
A.fewB.littleC.manyD.much
数词
1、twohundred/thousand,hundreds/thousandsof,前面如果有morethan,lessthan,over,about等词时,用确切的数据about/morethantwohundredpeople
2、数字的读法,百位和十位之间用and365
3、序数词的拼写
One_______,two__________,three_________Four________,five________,eight_________,twelve________,nine_______,twenty_________,twenty-one_____________
5.分数
1/2____________2/3__________,3/4_________,3/5_________
6、百分比30percent
7、日期表达February12,1809
twohoursandahalf=twoandahalfhours
aten-year-oldboyTheboyistenyearsold.
Heisoverfiftyyearsold.Heisinhisfifties.
It’stenminutes’walk.It’saten-minutewalk.
名词
1.变复数
potato______tomato______hero______Negro_______photo______(两人两菜加s,其他加es)
boy______toy_________,dictionary_________,(只有辅音+y结尾变y为ies)
beach___________(s,x,ch,sh,结尾的名词复数+es)
life,thief,leaf,knife(fe,f结尾的名词,把f,fe变为ves)
2.可数名词与不可数名词
manychildren muchinformation
afewbooks alittletime
someboys sometime
acoupleofdays abasketoffruit
修饰可数名词的:
few,afew,many,alargenumberof,acoupleof
修饰不可数名词的:
little,alittle,much,agreatdealof,hugeamountsof
既修饰可数名词的,又可以修饰可数名词的:
plentyof,alotof/lotsof,some
3.名词所有格
myfather’sfriend=afriendofmyfather’s,theteachers’office,theChildren’sPalace
形容词/副词
1、形容词的用法:
1)系动词后做
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