高考全国卷1卷英语试题及答案解析Word文档格式.docx
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高考全国卷1卷英语试题及答案解析Word文档格式.docx
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MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour
3hours(7miles)
JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.
GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyourbikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.
Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsand
safetylights.
21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?
A.CherryBlossomlikeTourinWashington,D.C.B.WashingtoncapitalMonumentsBicycle
Tour.
C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNight
BicycleTour.
22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?
A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.
C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.
23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?
A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.MealsD.Safetylights
B.
morning,
GoodMorningBritain'
sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaevery
andnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.
InSaveMoney:
GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchef
MattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder
GoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'
sbeenabletoputalotof
Jack,11.
howcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves."
SaveMoney:
GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.
Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferent
ofsome
familyeachweek.Intonight'
sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneeddeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily'
slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.
Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.
Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation.thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation.Especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanyLanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish.SpanishandChinese
areincreasinglytakingover.
Atpresent,theworldhasabout6800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages.Oftenspokenbymanypeoplewhilehot.wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200
Languages:
theAmericasabout1,000.Africa2400;
andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,of
whichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6.000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.
Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof,6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),with
onlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150).LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):
noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.
28.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?
A.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.
C.Theyhadsimilarpatters.D.Theywerecloselyconnected
29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"
dominant"
underlinedinparagraph2?
A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem.
30.
Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?
31.
Whatistheminideaofthetext?
languages
evolution.
devicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.
Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproduct
throughoutitslife
—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.This
methodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration—Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.
Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsentered
homesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.
Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'
tthrowoutouroldones."
Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'
room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,"
saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We'
renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices—we
continuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'
steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.
Sowhat'
sthesolution(解决方案)?
Theteam'
sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergy
A.Thebox-setTV.
C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.
35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?
A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.
C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.
第二节(共5小题;
每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign
somethingyou'
llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agrasp
IIlove
ofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyoutolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat'
sfulloflife?
Professional?
Orareyoujustlookingfor
aplacetorelaxafteralongday?
36,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.
Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere'
re
reallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:
thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.
38.They'
rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthat
mostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandless
expensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefit
ofbeingeasilychangeable.
Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesor
bookshelves39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamore
powerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.
Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whether
you'
relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitare
significant.40.
A.Whileallofthemareuseful
B.Whateveryou'
relookingfor
C.Ifyou'
reexperimentingwithacolor
D.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'
remostfamiliarwith
E.It'
snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpieces
F.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttime
G.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题;
每小题1.5分,满分30分学胡网)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga"
free"
course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I41theideaoftakingtheclass
because,afterall,whodoesn'
twantto42afewdollars?
Morethanthat,I'
dalwayswanted
tolearnchess.And,evenifIweren'
t43enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour44was
appealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which45Iwould
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