Pathological testWord文件下载.docx
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Pathological testWord文件下载.docx
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4.Duringtheearlystagesoftheinflammatoryresponse,histamine-inducedincreasedvascularpermeabilityismostlikelytooccurin
a.Arteries
b.Precapillaryarterioles
c.Capillaries
d.Postcapillaryvenules
e.Veins(answer:
d)
5.Duringacuteinflammation,histamine-inducedincreasedvascularpermeabilitycausestheformationofexudates(inflammatoryedema).Whichoneofthelistedcelltypesisthemostlikelysourceofthehistamine?
a.Endothelialcells
b.Fibroblasts
c.Lymphocytes
d.Mastcells
e.Neutrophils
6.Histologicsectionsoflungtissuefroma68-year-oldfemalewithcongestiveheartfailureandprogressivebreathingproblemsrevealnumeroushemosiderin-ladencellswithinthealveoli.Theses“heartfailurecells”originatefromalveolar
b.Eosinophils
d.Macrophages
e.Pneumocytes
7.Bydefinition,granulomasarecomposedof
a.Chronicabscess
b.Collagen
c.Endothelialcellsandfibroblasts
d.Macrophagesorepithelioidcells
e.Hemosiderin-ladenmacrophages
8.Whichoneofthelistedchangescorrectlydescribesthepathophysiologyinvolvedintheproductionofpulmonaryedemainpatientswithcongestiveheartfailure?
a.Decreasedplasmaoncoticpressure
b.Endothelialdamage
c.Increasedhydrostaticpressure
d.Increasedvascularpermeability
e.Lymphaticobstruction(answer:
c)
9.Apostmortemclotismostlikelyto
a.Grosslydisplayfeaturesofrecanalization
b.GrosslyhavelinesofZahn
c.Grosslyhavetheappearanceof“chickenfat”overlying‘currantjelly”
d.Microscopicallyappearattachedtothewallofthebloodvessel
e.Microscopicallyhavealternatinglayersofcellsandplatelets
10.Whatisthemostcommonsiteoforiginofthromboticpulmonaryemboli?
a.Deeplegveins
b.Lumenofleftventricle
c.Lumenofrightventricle
d.Mesentericveins
e.Superficiallegveins
11.Themostseriouscommoncomplicationoflowerextremitythrombophlebitisis
a.Cerebralinfarction
b.Kidneyinfarction
c.Myocardialinfarction
d.Pulmonaryinfarction
e.Intestinalinfarction
12.Whatisthemostcommoncauseofchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease?
a.Pneumoconiosis
b.Pneumonia
c.Intestitiallungdiseases
d.Chronicbronchitis
e.Pulmonarytuberculosis
13.Ofthetumorsoftheliverlistedbelow,whichisthemostcommon?
a.Hepatocellularcarcinoma
b.Angiosarcoma
c.Cholangiocarcinoma
d.Hamartoma
e.Hemangioma
14.Whichofthefollowingisthemostcommontypeofbreastcarcinoma?
a.Intraductal
b.Medullary
c.Papillary
d.Mucinous
e.Infiltratingductal
15.Fluidthatcollectsduringacuteinflammationandthathasaproteincontentinexcessof3.0g/dlandaspecificgravityover1.015istermed
a.Exudate
b.Transudate
c.Coagulation
d.Lymphokine
e.Hemorrhage
16.Themostimportantprognosticfactorforhumancanceristhe
a.Grade
b.Stage
c.Lymphocyticinfiltration
d.Vascularinvasion
e.Mitoticindex
17.Theclassiclesionofrheumaticheartdiseaseis
a.Mallory’sbody
b.Aschoffbody
c.Psammomabody
d.Negribody
e.Anitschkow’smyocyte
18.Whichofthefollowinginfectionsisoftenthecauseofinterstitialpneumonia?
a.Gram-positivebacterial
b.Gram-negativebacterial
c.Viral
d.Fungal
e.Parasitic
19.Gastriccarcinomaismostcommoninwhichoneofthelistedsitelocations
a.pyloricantrum
b.pyloricantrumandlessercurvature
c.lessercurvature
d.greatercurvature
e.fundue
20.Whichoftheflowingsitesisthemostcommonofchronicgastriculcer?
21.Whichoneofthelistedisthemostcommoncomplicationofchronicpepticulcer?
a.hemorrhage
b.perforation
c.pyloricstenosis
d.malignanttransformation
e.hypertrophicgastritis
22.Themostseriouscomplicationofchronicpepticulceris
23.Whichoneofthelistedisthemostcommonpathologicaltyprofearlygastriccarcinoma?
a.protrudedtype,Itype
b.supperficialelevatedtype,IIatype
c.superficialflattype,IIbtype
d.superficialdepressedtype,IIctype
e.excavatedtype,IIItype
24.Afactorthatstimulatestheproliferationofsmooth-musclecellsandalsorelatestothepathogenesisofatherosclerosisis
a.Platelet-derivedgrowthfactor
b.Transforminggrowthfactorβ
c.Interleukin1
d.Interferonα
e.Tumornecrosisfactor(Theanswerisa)
25.Themostcharacteristicandfrequentfeatureofchronicrheumaticheartdiseaseisthedevelopmentof
a.Vegetationsontheendocardium
b.Ashoffbodieswithinthemyocardium
c.Fibrindepositswithinthepericardium
d.Stenosisofthemitralvalve
e.Incompetenceofthepulmonicvalve
26.Histologicalsections(routineH&
Estain)oflungrevealthealveolitobefilledwithpale,nongranularpinkfluid.Neitherleukocytesnorerythrocytesarepresentwithinthisfluid.Whatisthemostlikely(i.e.,mostcommon)causeofthisabnormality?
a.Bacterialpneumonia
b.Congestiveheartfailure
c.Lymphaticobstructionbytumor
d.Pulmonaryembolus
e.Viralpneumonia
27.TheAstler-CollermodificationoftheDuckesclassificationisusedtoclassifycancersofthe
a.Colon
b.Liver
c.Lung
d.Pancreas
e.Stomach
28.Familialpolyposiscoliischaracterizedby
a.Autosomalrecessivepatternofinheritance
b.Mutiplehamartomatouspolypsthroughoutthecolon
c.100%riskofcarcinoma
d.Anassociationwithfibromatosisandmutipleosteomas
e.Anassociationwithtumorsofthecentralnervoussystem(Theanswerisc)
29.Whichofthelistedtypesofcellsfoundwithintheliveristhemajorsourceoftheexcesscollagendepositedincirrhosis?
a.Hepatocytes
b.Kupffercells
c.Itocells(hepaticstellatecells)
d.Endothelialcells
e.Bileductepithelialcells(Theanswerisc)
30.Whatisthemostlikelycauseofthecombinationofgeneralizededema,hypoalbuminemiahypercholesterolemia,markedproteinuria,andfattycastsandfatbodiesintheurine?
a.Nephriticsyndrome
b.Nephroticsyndrome
c.Acuterenalfailure
d.Renaltubulardefect
e.Urinarytractinfection
31.Whichoneofthelistedhepaticdiseaseshasthegreatestriskofdevelopingintohepatocellularcarcinoma?
a.hepaticsteatosis(fattyliver)
b.portalcirrhosis
c.postnecroticcirrhosis
d.biliarycirrhosis
e.congestivelivercirrhosis
32.Ofthelungtumorslistedbelow,whichtypebelongstotheAPUDgroupoftumors?
a.Hamartoma
b.Mucoepidermoidcarcinoma
c.Adenoidcysticcarcinoma
d.Bronchialcarcinoid
e.Squamonscellcarcinoma
33.Whatisthenamethatisgiventothehyalinemassesthatareoftenseeninthecytoplasmofhepatocytesinpatientswithalcoholichepatitis?
a.Councilmanbodies(acidophilicbodies)
b.Negribodies
c.Mallory’sbodies
d.Russel’sbodies
e.Residualbodies
34.Lipoidnephrosisofthekidneyscharacteristicallyproduceschangesthatmaybeobservedbyelectronmicroscope(EM)inwhichofthefollowingrenalglomerularelements?
b.Epithelialcells
c.Mesangium
d.Bloodvessels
e.Basementmembrane(Theanswerisb)
35.Whichofthefollowingtumormarkershasbeenassociatedwiththehepatocellularcarcinoma?
a.CEA
b.AFP
c.Prostae-specificantigen
d.Tyrosineenzyme
e.Thyroglibulinantigen
36.Ofthetumorslistedbelow,whichisbenigntumor?
a.Leukemia
b.Melanoma
c.Teratoma
d.Embryonictumorofkidney
e.Trueaneurysm
37.ThemostcommoncauseoflivercirrhosisinChinais
a.Drug-inducedhepatitis
b.Toxin-inducedhepatitis
c.Alcoholichepatitis
d.Viralhepatitis
e.Autoimmunehepatitis
38.ComplicationsoflobarpneumoniaincludeeachofthefollowingconditionsEXCEPT
a.Pulmonarycarnification
b.Purulentpleurisy
c.Pulmonaryabscess
d.Septicshock(infectiveshock)
e.Bronchiectasis
39.Whichoneofthefollowingdefinitionsiscorrect?
a.Dysplasiaisachangefromonetypeofdifferentiatedtissuetoanother
b.Anaplasiaisanalmostcompletelackofdifferentiation
c.Carcinomaisatumourofepithelialderivation
d.Metaplasiaisthedisordereddevelopmentofcellswithlossoforganization
e.Carcionmainsituisacarcinomawithstromalinvasion
40.Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect:
?
a.Adenomaisamalignanttumourofglandularepithelium
b.Sarcomaisabenightumourofconnectiveti
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