人教版高中英语选修8Unit1单元检测含答案Word格式.docx
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人教版高中英语选修8Unit1单元检测含答案Word格式.docx
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Americancultureisuniquebecauseitisformedanddevelopedundercertainconditions.Themajorfactorscontributingtothemakingofthisflewnationandtheformingofanewculturearethehardenvironment,ethnicdiversity(多民族)andpluralreligion,whichisquitedifferentfromothernationsintheworld.Whatismore,theseelementsarestillinfluencingtheAmericanculture.
TheearlyimmigrantswhowereEnglishPuritanssettleddowninnortheastpartofAmerica.From1607to1892,frontierswerepushedfurtherwest.Thefrontiersmenlookedforalandofrichresourcesandalandofpromise,opportunityandfreedom.Actuallytheylookedforabetterlife.Soindividualism(个人主义),selfreliance,andequalityofopportunityhaveperhapsbeenthevaluesmostcloselyassociatedwiththefrontierheritage(遗产)ofAmerica.
Inhistory,peoplefromdifferentcountriesintheworldrushedtoAmericathreetimes.TheybroughttheirownculturetoAmericaandlateron,differentculturesweremixedtogether.ThustheuniqueAmericancultureisformed,acommonculturallifewithcommonlysharedvalues.
ThefundamentalAmericanbeliefinindividualfreedomandthefightofindividualstopracticetheirownreligionisatthecenterofreligiousexperienceintheUnitedStates.Thegreatdiversityofethnicbackgroundshasproducedreligiouspluralism;
almostallofthereligionsoftheworldarenowpracticedintheUnitedStates.
Nowadays,wecanseethecontinualinfluenceofthethreeelementsinthecurrentAmericansociety.Americanfamilyistypicallyparentsandtheirunmarriedchildren.Middleagedandelderlypeoplegenerallydonotlivewiththeirmarriedchildren.ThepeopleinAmericahaveaverystrongdesiretostartanewlifeinanewplace.Quiteanumberofpeoplechangeresidenceseveryyear.TheaverageAmericanmovesfourteentimesinhislifetime.
1.Wecanlearnfromthisarticlethat________.
A.thefrontiersmenleftimportantsocietyvaluesforAmericanculture
B.theearlyimmigrantsbroughtabouttheuniqueAmericanculture
C.peopleintheworldoncerushedtoAmericabecauseofitsuniqueculture
D.theAmericanfamilymembersdon’tgetalongwellwitheachother
2.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsAmericanculture?
A.Heiscriticalofit.
B.Headmiresitverymuch.
C.Hejuststatesthefacts.
D.Helooksdownuponit.
3.Thelastparagraphisabout________.
A.thefamilystructureinAmericansociety
B.theinfluenceofthethreeelementsinthecurrentAmericansociety
C.thenewlifestyleofAmericanfamily
D.thereasonwhyAmericanpeopleliketochangeresidences
4.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleofthisarticle?
A.TheImmigrantsinAmerica
B.WhyAmericanCultureisUnique
C.TheInfluenceofAmericanCulture
D.PluralReligionandAmericanCulture
B
TheUSAjustendureditshottestsummerin75yearsandthesecondhottestsummeronrecord,accordingtodatareleasedThursdayafternoonbytheNationalClimaticDataCenterinAsheville,N.C.
TheaverageUStemperatureduringthesummerof2011was74.5degrees,whichwas2.4degreesabovethelongterm(19012000)average.OnlytheDustBowl(沙尘暴)yearof1936,at74.6degrees,waswarmer.
Fourstates—Texas,Oklahoma,NewMexicoandLouisiana—hadtheirwarmestsummereverrecorded,theclimatecenteralsoreported.
BLOG:
Reportlinksextremeweathereventstoglobalwarming.
AveragetemperaturesforthesummerinTexasandOklahoma,at86.8degreesand86.5degrees,respectively,exceededthepreviousstatewideaveragetemperaturerecordforanystateduringanyseason.
Texasalsosufferedthroughitsdriestsummeronrecord.Thestateisinthemidstofitsworstdroughtsincethe1950s.Morethan81%ofthestateislistedasexperiencingextremedrought,theworstcategory,accordingtoThursday’sUSDroughtMonitor.
ThedroughtmonitoralsoreportedthatathirdofthecontiguousUSAiscurrentlyinadrought.
Atotalof15statesintheSouthandEastsweltered(闷热)throughoneoftheirtop10warmestsummersonrecord.
“Basedonagovernmentindexusingresidentialenergydemandasanindicatoroftemperature,”thecontiguousUStemperature—relatedenergydemandwas22.3%aboveaverageduringsummer,theclimatecenternotedinanonlinereport.“Thisisthelargestsuchvalueduringtheindex’speriodofrecord,whichdatesto1895.”
Ontheotherside,twostates—OregonandWashington—hadacoolerthanaveragesummer,whileCaliforniahaditswettestsummeronrecord.
USclimatedatagobackto1895.TheclimatecenterdefinessummerasJune1Aug.31.Itwillreleaseglobaltemperaturedataforthesummerof2011nextweek.
5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A.Theweatherinthesummerof1936wascoolerthanthissummerintheUSA.
B.TheweatherintheUSAthissummeristhesecondhottestoneonrecord.
C.TheaverageUStemperatureduringthesummerof2011isbelowthelongterm(19012000)average.
D.Theextremeweatherhasnothingtodowithglobalwarming.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninthefifthparagraph?
A.Lessthan. B.Quickerthan.
C.Morethan.D.Betterthan.
7.Howmanywarmestsummersonrecordhaveatotalof15statesintheSouthandEastswelteredthrough?
A.OneB.Eleven.
C.NineD.Ten.
8.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?
A.SomethingabouttheweatherintheUSAthissummer.
B.ItisthehottestsummerintheUSAonrecord.
C.GlobalwarminginfluencingontheweatherintheUSA.
D.ItisthedriestsummerintheUSAthissummer.
C
TheAmericaneducationsystemisunusualinthatitallowsstudentstotransferfromoneschooltoanother.
Decidingtotransferisaveryimportantdecisiontomakeduringyourcollegecareer.Ifyouarethinkingabouttransferring,hereissomeinformationyoushouldhavetogetstartedontheprogress.
Themostcommonreasonsfortransferringare:
1.Movingfromatwoyearcommunitycollegetoafouryearcollege/university
CommunityCollegesaredesignedtobetransferschoolsandofferonlythefirsttwoyearsofundergraduate(本科)study.Theirgraduatesoftengoontodothelasttwoyearsofabachelor’sdegreeatanotherschool.Manystudentschoosesuchanapproachtotheiruniversityeducation.Communitycollegetuitionislow,thoughmanycommunitycollegesoffergreateducations.
2.Gettingintoabetterschool
Forthosestudentswhowantasecondtryattheirdreamschoolsorforthosewhosimplywanttotradeup,transferringaftertheirfreshmanorsophomore(二年级)yearmightbeanoption(选择).It’smucheasiertogetintoselectiveschoolsasasophomore/juniorthanasafreshman.
3.Majors
GiventhatUSschoolsgenerallyonlyrequirestudentstodeclaretheirmajorsintheirsophomoreyear,sometimesstudentsdonotrealizetheirpreferredmajorsareunavailableattheirschoolsuntilthey’veattendedclassesforafullyear.Studentstransferringforthisreasonarebestadvisedtoresearchwhichschoolsarehighlyrespectedintheirpreferredmajorsbeforemakingtheirtransferchoice.
Keepinmindthatsomecredits(学分)maynotbetransferable.Ifyouaretransferringfromatwoyearschooltoafouryearschool,youmayberequiredtoretakecoursethatyouhavealreadycompletedatthecommunitycollege.Furthermore,someschoolsrequireyoutocompleteaminimumnumberofcreditsatyournewschoolbeforeyoucangraduate(usually60creditsortwoyearsofcoursework).Thismaydelayyourgraduationdate.
9.WhyistheAmericaneducationsystemspecial?
A.Becauseitpermitsstudentstochangefromoneschooltoanother.
B.Becauseitprovideshigheducation.
C.Becauseitstuitionislow.
D.Becausecollegeonlytakestwoyears’time.
10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Communitycollegetuitionisnothigh.
B.It’snothardtogetintoselectiveschoolsasasophomorethanasafreshman.
C.Studentshadknowntheirpreferredmajorsareavailableattheirschoolsbeforetheyattendedclasses.
D.Someschoolsaskyoutocompleteaminimumnumberofcreditsatyournewschoolbeforeyoucangraduate.
11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmean?
A.Somecreditsmaynotbetransferable.
B.Somecreditsmaybetransferable.
C.Whenyougotoanewschool,youneedn’tretakecourse.
D.Ifyoutransfer,yourgraduatedatemaybedelayed.
12.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Thetipsoftransferring.
B.Thinkhardbeforeyouchangeschools.
C.TheAmericaneducationsystem.
D.Decidingtotransferisveryimportantduringyourcollegecareer.
D
NeilKerwinbecameAmericanUniversity’s(AU)14thpresidentinSeptember2007.KerwinjoinedAUin1975andhasheldnumerousdepartmentandleadershippositions,includingheadoftheSchoolofPublicAffairs.Inthisinterview,hespeaksaboutdevelopingleadershipamongAUstudentsandinspiringthemtopublicserviceandthelessonshehaslearnedasthepresidentofAmericanUniversity.
“ThelongerIdothiskindofwork,thecleareritistomethatleadershipisacollectiveactivity.ThishappenshereatAmericanUniversityhundredsoftimeseverydayateverylevelofthedoingandmanaginghardworktoreachthosegoals.Simply,leadershipcannotbethefieldorresponsibilityofonepersonorasmallgroupatthetop.Atitsbest,itisuptotheorganization.”
“Apresident’sroleistomakethatclear,ensureithappens,andprovidespace,ideas,encouragementandacknowledgmentofaccomplishments.Vision(有远见卓识)isimportant,butonethatcolleagueshave
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