雅思词汇3 社会类Word下载.docx

雅思词汇3 社会类Word下载.docx

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有乡村特点的

Eg.Remoteruralareas遥远的农村地区

Cropsaregrowninruralareas.

Thechildreninbackwardedruralareasdon’thaveanaccesstobettereducationfacility.

构词法：

-ward（s）朝向…的

Eg.Upward（s）downward（s）forward（s）backward（s）

Eastward（s）westward（s）southward（s）northward（s）

Homeward（s）

Ruralize:

v

Ruralization:

Rustic:

adjhavingasimplicityandcharmthatisconsideredtypicalofthecountryside淳朴的，朴素的；

质朴的；

乡下风格的

Eg.rusticcostume

Suburban:

adjoforcharacteristicofasuburb郊区的

Eg.Suburbanlife近郊生活

Suburbanize:

Suburbanization:

sub-:

表示“下面，底下，往下”；

“下级，次要，从属”

Subway（underground）subtitlesub-zerotemperaturesubtropical

Subdividesubadult亚成体，接近成年的动物subcategory亚类，子种类，子范畴subconscioussubcontinent次大陆subsequent

2.central:

adj

centralize:

v[oftenasadjcentralized]concentrate（controlofanactivityororganization）underasingleauthority将权力集中，集权（于一身）；

使集权

eg.ahighlycentralizedcountry

centralization:

Decentralize:

v[oftenasadjdecentralized]transfer（authority）fromcentraltolocalgovernment分权

Eg.Canadahasoneofthemostdecentralizedgovernmentsintheworld.

Decentralization：

n

Eg.thenewleaderadvocatesdecentralizationtopreventcorruption.

de-:

nonot否定

Eg.Demeritdeforestdeformdegrade

Decentralizedecreasedevalue

3.Imbalance:

nlackofproportionorrelationbetweencorrespondingthings不均衡，不平衡，失衡，失调

Eg.Tensionisgeneratedbytheimbalanceofpower.

im-:

nonot否定前缀

Eg.Impossibleimproperimbalanceimmoral

Imperfectimmortal永生的，不朽的immeasurable不可估量的

4.Infrastructure:

nthebasicphysicalandorganizationalstructuresandfacilities（eg.Buildings,roads,powersupplies）neededfortheoperationofasocietyorenterprise基础结构，基础设施

Eg.Economic/social/transportInfrastructure经济/社会/交通基础设施

Chinahasrecentlyinvestedalotintheimprovementoftheinfrastructureofunderdevelopedcountries.

5.commercial:

adj

（1）connectedwithorengagedcommerce贸易的，商业的，商务的eg.Acommercialagreement贸易协定

（2）makingorintendedtomakeaprofit获利的，营利的，用作商品的eg.Commercialproducts商品

（3）Havingprofit,ratherthanartisticorothervalue,asaprimaryaim

以获利为主要目的的，商品化的

Eg.Theirworkistoocommercial他们的作品过于商品化了。

N:

atelevisionorradioadvertisement电视广告，电台广告

commercialize:

v【oftenasadjbecommercialized】starttomanage（anorganizationoractivity）inawaydesignedtomakeaprofit使（组织，活动）商业化

Eg.Themuseumhasbeencommercialized.

Commercializedresortareas已开发的商业性游乐胜地

commercialization:

6.Industry:

ntourist/serviceindustrytertiaryindustry第三产业

Industrial:

Industrialize:

v【oftenasadjindustrialized】developindustriesin（acountryorregion）onawidescale.使（国家，地区）工业化

Industrializednations工业化国家

Industrialization:

7.polar:

polarize:

polarization:

8.stable:

adj

（1）（ofanobjectorstructure）notlikelytogivewayoroverturn;

firmlyfixed.（物体，结构）稳定的；

稳固的，牢固的

（2）（ofapatientortheirmedicalcondition）notdeterioratinginhealthafteraninjuryoroperation（患者或其伤后或术后身体状况）稳定的，没有恶化的

Eg.Heisnowinastableconditioninhospital.

（3）（ofaperson）saneandsensible;

noteasilyupsetordisturbed（人）持重的，稳健的；

心态平和的

Eg.Theofficerismentallyandemotionallystable.

该军官精神和情绪都很稳定

（4）notlikelytochangeorfail;

firmlyestablished持久的，稳固的

Eg.astablerelationship稳定的关系

Priceshaveremainedrelativelystable价格依然相对稳定

stabilize:

vmakeorbecomestable

Eg.Hisconditionappearstohavestabilized.

Anemergencyprogrammedesignedtostabilizetheeconomy

stability:

nthestateofbeingstable

Eg.socialstability/instability社会稳定/动荡

Therearefearsforthepoliticalstabilityofthearea.

动词后缀：

-ize使成为；

使变成；

以…的特点行事

Eg.Computerizememorizesummarizelegalizerationalize

Globalizeinternationalizespecializeutilize

criticizeapologizeurbanizemodernizeorganize

RuralizestabilizehospitabilizepolarizeIndustrialize

Commercializecentralizedecentralizeprioritize

9.distribute:

vgiveashareorunitof（something）toeachofanumberofrecipients分发，分配

Eg.Leafletsarebeingdistributedtohotels.

distribution:

nwealthdistribution财富分配

allocate:

vdistribute（resourcesorduties）foraparticularpurpose（为某目的）分配，分派（资源，责任）

Eg.Theauthoritiesallocated50000placestorefugees.

Studentsareallocatedaccommodationonayearlybasis.

allocation:

eg.Moreefficientallocationofresources资源的更有效配置

10.employ:

employment:

employmentrate就业率

unemployment：

unemploymentrate失业率

employer:

n

employee:

11.explode:

v

（1）increasesuddenlyorrapidlyinsize,number,orextent激增，迅速扩大

Eg.Theuseofthisdrugexplodedinthe90s

Eg.Populationexplosion

（2）[withobject]cause（abomb）todothis使炸弹爆炸

explosion:

npopulationexplosion人口激增，爆炸

Population:

nalltheinhabitantsofaparticulartown,area,orcountry（城镇，地区或国家的）全体居民，人口

Eg.Theislandhasapopulationofabout78,000

alarge/smallpopulation

Anincrease/afallinpopulation

…Have/hasapopulationof…

What’sthepopulationof…

Areasofsparse/densepopulation:

asparsely-populatedarea/adensely-populatedarea

11.welfare:

socialwelfare社会福利

12.revenue：

（1）income,espwhenofacompanyororganizationandofasubstantialnature（尤指公司或组织数额庞大的）收入，收益

（2）astate’sannualincomefromwhichpublicexpensesaremet（国家）税收eg.therevenue税务局，税务署

13.boom：

n

（1）aloud,deep,resonantsound低沉有回响的声音，隆隆声

（2）aperiodofgreatprosperityorrapideconomicgrowth迅速增长，繁荣

v:

[noobject]experienceaperiodofgreatprosperityorrapideconomicgrowth繁荣，昌盛

booming:

adjbusinessisbooming/prosperious.商业蓬勃发展

14.consume:

consumption:

nwaysofconsumption消费方式

15.purchase：

v/nacquiresomethingbypayingforit,buy购买

Eg.ThereisgreatpotentialforthepurchasepowerofChinesepeople.

16.pressure：

Eg.Heresignedduetopressureofwork

Reduce/alleviate/lessenthepressurefromwork/study

Beundergreatpressureof

stress:

17.scarce:

adj（especiallyoffood,money,orsomeotherresource）insufficientforthedemand（尤指食物，金钱或其他资源）缺乏的，不足的，供不应求的inadequate/insuficient/short/lack

Eg.Asrawmaterialsbecamescarce,syntheticsweredeveloped.

由于原材料变得稀缺，合成材料被开发出来了

scarcity:

nwaterscarcity/shortage水短缺

Eg.Thereisagreatscarcityoffoodinthedrought-strickenareas.

旱灾地区食物短缺严重

构词法:

in-:

Eg.Inadequateinsufficientincorrectinfiniteincoherent

Invalidinfallibleindiscriminationinfeasible

Indifferentinvisibleincompleteinsignificant无关紧要的，可忽略的incredibleincapable

Infallible：

adjincapableofmakingmistakesorbeingwrong不会犯错的，无误的

Infinite：

adj无限的，无穷的，难以估量的，无数的

Eg.Theinfinitenumberofstarsintheuniverse

Dis-:

Eg.Dislikedisagreedisharmonydisgrace（ful）丢脸的，不光彩的Dishonest（y）disappeardiscover（y）dishonourable

il-:

Eg.illegalillegitimateillogicalilliteracy

ir-:

Eg.irregularirrationalirrevocableirresistible

Irreplaceable

Irrevocable:

adjnotabletobechanged,reversed,orrecovered;

final不可改变的，不可取消的，最后的，最终的

Eg.Anirrevocablestep决定性的一步

Irresistible:

adj

（1）tooattractiveandtemptingtoberesisted极具诱惑力的；

极诱人的

Eg.Hefoundthedelicious-lookingcakesirresistible.

（2）toopowerfulorconvincingtoberesisted（太强大有力或有说服力而）不可抵抗的，不可抗拒的

Eg.Shefeltanirresistibleurgetoobject.

Un-:

Eg.Unhappyunluckyunemploymentunnecessary

Unsatisfiedunpleasantunbelievableunlimitted

Unfairunequalunacceptable

Non-:

Eg.Non-smokernon-toxicnon-profitable

ab-:

Eg.abnormalabuse

18.Drain:

Drainofenergyandresources能源和资源消耗

19.Rapid:

adjrapidly:

adv

Arapidpaceoflife快节奏生活

Withtherapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology

Makerapidprogressin

20.Convenient:

adj

Itisconvenient（forsb）todosth

Convenienttransportationmeans便捷的交通工具

Convenience:

21.Priority：

givepriorityto…优先考虑

Thetoppriorityistomaintainthesocialstability.