资格考试最新整理托福考试阅读理解全真试题1文档格式.docx

资格考试最新整理托福考试阅读理解全真试题1文档格式.docx

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（C）allowmoreroomforgrowingcorn

（D）sharefarmingimplements

2.Theword"

enabled"

inline5isclosestinmeaningto

（A）covered

（B）reminded

（C）helped

（D）isolated

3.Theword"

considerable"

inline10isclosestinmeaningto

（A）planning

（B）much

（C）physical

（D）flew

4.WhydoestheauthorbelievethattheMandanswereskilledfarmers？

（A）Theydevelopedeffectivefertilizers.

（B）Theydevelopednewvarietiesofcorn.

（C）Theycouldgrowcropsinmosttypesofsoil.

（D）Theycouldgrowcropsdespiteadverseweather.

5.Tileword"

consumption"

inline25isclosestinmeaningto

（A）decay

（B）planting

（C）eating

（D）conversion

6.Whichofthefollowingprocessesdoestheauthorimplywasdonebybothmenandwomen？

（A）Clearingfields

（B）Plantingcorn

（C）Harvestingcorn

（D）harvestingsquash.

7.Theword"

disaster"

inline31isclosestinmeaningto

（A）control

（B）catastrophe

（C）avoidance

（D）history

8.Accordingtothepassage，theMandanspreservedtheirfoodby

（A）smoking

（B）drying

（C）freezing.

（D）salting

9.Theword"

it"

inline34refersto

（A）June

（B）corn

（C）time

（D）squash

10.Whichofthefollowingcropswascultivatedprimarilybymen

（A）Corn

（B）Squash

（C）Sunflower

（D）Tobacco

11.Throughoutthepassage，theauthorimpliesthattheMandans

（A）plannedforthefuture

（B）valuedindividuality

（C）wereopentostrangers

（D）wereveryadventurous

Questions12-20

Theelementsotherthanhydrogenandheliumexistinsuchsmallquantitiesthatitisaccuratetosaythattheuniversesomewhatmorethan25percentheliumbyweightandsomewhatlessthan25percenthydrogen.Astronomershavemeasuredtheabundanceofheliumthroughoutourgalaxyandinothergalaxiesaswell.HeliumhasbeenfoundInoldstars，inrelativelyyoungones，ininterstellargas，andinthedistantobjectsknownasquasars.Heliumnucleihavealsobeenfoundtobeconstituentsofcosmicraysthatfallontheearth（cosmic"

rays"

arenotreallyaformofradiation；

theyconsistofrapidlymovingparticlesofnumerousdifferentkinds）。

Itdoesntseemtomakeverymuchdifferencewheretheheliumisfound.Itsrelativeabundanceneverseemstovarymuch.Insomeplaces，theremaybeslightlymoreofit；

Inothers，slightlyless，buttheratioofheliumtohydrogennucleialwaysremainsaboutthesame.

Heliumiscreatedinstars.Infact，nuclearreactionsthatconverthydrogentoheliumareresponsibleformostoftheenergythatstarsproduce.However，theamountofheliumthatcouldhavebeenproducedinthismannercanbecalculated，anditturnsouttobenomorethanafewpercent.Theuniversehasnotexistedlongenoughforthisfiguretobesignificantlygreater.Consequently，iftheuniverseissomewhatmorethan25percentheliumnow，thenitmusthavebeenabout25percentheliumatatimenearthebeginning……

However，whentheuniversewaslessthanoneminuteold，noheliumcouldhaveexisted.Calculationsindicatethatbeforethistimetemperaturesweretoohighandparticlesofmatterweremovingaroundmuchtoorapidly.Itwasonlyaftertheone-minutepointthatheliumcouldexist.Bythistime，theuniversehadcooledsufficientlythatneutronsandprotonscouldsticktogether.Butthenuclearreactionsthatledtotheformationofheliumwentonforonlyarelativelyshorttime.Bythetimetheuniversewasafewminutesold，heliumproductionhadeffectivelyceased.

12.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyexplain？

（A）Howstarsproduceenergy

（B）Thedifferencebetweenheliumandhydrogen

（C）Whenmostoftheheliumintheuniversewasformed

（D）Whyhydrogenisabundant

13.Accordingtothepassage，heliumis

（A）thesecond-mostabundantelementintheuniverse

（B）difficulttodetect

（C）theoldestelementintheuniverse

（D）themostprevalentelementinquasars

14.Theword"

constituents"

inline9isclosestinmeaningto

（A）relatives

（B）causes

（C）components

（D）targets

15.Whydoestheauthormention"

cosmicraystinline10？

（A）Aspartofalistofthingscontaininghelium

（B）Asanexampleofanunsolvedastronomicalpuzzle

（C）Toexplainhowtheuniversebegan

（D）Toexplaintheabundanceofhydrogenintheuniverse

16.Theword"

vary"

inline14isclosestillmeaningto

（A）mean

（B）stretch

（C）change

（D）include

17.Thecreationofheliumwithinstars

（A）cannotbemeasured

（B）producesenergy

（C）produceshydrogenasaby-product

（D）causesheliumtobemuchmoreabundantInoldstarsthanInyoungstar：

18.Theword"

calculated"

inline20isclosestinmeaningto

（A）ignored

（B）converted

（C）increased

（D）determined

19.Mostoftheheliumintheuniversewasformed

（A）ininterstellarspace

（B）inaveryshorttime

（C）duringthefirstminuteoftheuniversesexistence

（D）beforemostofthehydrogen

20.Theword"

ceased"

inline35isclosestinmeaningto

（A）extended

（B）performed

（C）takenhold

（D）stopped

Questions21-30

IncolonialAmerica，peoplegenerallycoveredtheirbedswithdecorativequiltsresemblingthoseofthelandsfromwhichthequittershadcome.WealthyandsociallyprominentsettlersmadequiltsoftheEnglishtype，cutfromlargelengthsofclothofthesamecolorandtextureratherthanstitchedtogetherfromsmallerpieces.TheymadtheseuntiltheadventoftheRevolutionaryWarinI775，wheneverythingEnglishcametobefrownedupon

Amongthewhole-clothquiltsmadebythesewealthysettlersduringtheearlyperiodarethosenowcalledlinsey-woolseys.ThistermwasusuallyappliedtoafabricofwoolandlinenusedInheavyclothingandquiltedpetticoatsworninthewintertime.Despitethename，linsey-woolseybedcoversdidnotoftencontainlinen.Rather，theyweremadeofatoplayerofwoolenorglazedworstedwoolfabric，consistingofsmooth，compactyarnfromlongwoolfiberdyeddarkblue，green，orbrownwithabottomlayerofacoarserwoolenmaterial，eithernaturalorashadeofyellow.Thefillingwasasoftlayerofwoolwhichhadbeencleanedandseparatedandthethreelayerswereheldtogetherwithdecorativestitchingdonewithhomespunlinenthread.Later，cottonthreadwasusedforthispurpose.Thedesignofthestitchingwasoftenasimpleonecomposedofinterlockingcirclesorcrosseddiagonallinesgivingadiamondpattern.

Thistypeofheavy，warm，quiltedbedcoverwassolargethatithungtothefloor.Thecornersarecutoutatthefootofthecoversothatthequiltfitsnuglyaroundthetallfour-poster，bedsofthe1700s，whichdifferedfromthoseoftodayinthattheywereshorterandwider；

theywereshortbecausepeoplesleptinasemi-sittingpositionwithmanybolstersorpillows，andwide，becauseeachbedoftensleptthreeormore.Thelinsey-woolseycoveringwasfoundinthecolderregionsofthecountrybecauseofthewarmthitafforded.Therewasnocentralheatingandmostbedroomsdidnothavefireplaces.

21.Whatdoesthispassagemainlydiscuss？

（A）Theprocessingofwool

（B）Linsey-woolseybedcovers

（C）SleepinghabitsofcolonialAmericans

（D）QuiltsmadeinEngland

22.Theword"

prominent"

inline3isclosestinmeaningto

（A）isolated

（B）concerned

（C）generous

（D）distinguished

23.TheauthormentiontheRevolutionaryWarasatimeperiodwhen

（A）quillsweresuppliedtothearmy

（B）moreimmigrantsarrivedfromEngland

（C）quillsimportedfromEnglandbecamehardertofind

（D）peoplesattitudestowardEnglandchanged.

24.Thephrase