《交通设计手册》 第八章 智能交通系统 翻译Word文档下载推荐.docx

《交通设计手册》 第八章 智能交通系统 翻译Word文档下载推荐.docx

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TDOTSmartWayadvancedinformationtechnologiestakemanyformssuchas:

RoadwayTrafficSensorstoreporttrafficcounts,speedandtraveltime;

CameraVideoSurveillancetomonitorfreewaytrafficflowsandprovideimprovedincidentmanagementcapabilities;

DynamicMessageSignstoprovidereal-timetraffic,construction,andweatherinformationtomotorists,aswellasprovideinformationonAmberAlerts;

HighwayAdvisoryRadiotoprovideurgentreal-timetraffic,construction,andweatherinformationtomotoristsviaAMradio,aswellasprovideinformationonAmberAlerts;

HELPFreewayServicePatrolstoreducecongestionbyremovingminorincidentsinatimelyfashion;

TransportationManagementCenters（TMC）serveasacentrallocationfortrafficmanagementoperationsandcommunicationsintheirrespectiveRegions;

IncidentManagementtodetect,verify,andrespondtoincidentsinanefficientmannerandmanagetrafficconditionsaroundtheincidentsite;

ConstructionInformationisprovidedtoadvisemotoriststravelingthroughconstructionsites;

TDOTSmartWayInformationSystem（TSIS）isasystemcommunicatingdatafromTDOTSmartWaydevicestoacentrallocationanddistributingthattransportationinformationtomotoristsandotherinterestedpartiesbeforeandwhilemakingtrips.InformationisdistributedviaTDOT’sWebsiteandthroughthemedia.TDOTalsoprovidesmotoristinformationonTennessee511,acomponentofTDOTSmartWay.

InformationonWeather-RelatedRoadConditionsinformstravelerswhereproblemsmayexistonanystateroadduetosevereweatherconditions.

WhilethepotentialofITSissignificant,deploymentandoperationofthesesystemsrequiresspecializedcoordination,design,devicespecifications,procurement/construction,operationsmanagement,andmaintenance.TheTDOTDesignDivisionshallprovideimplementationplansforITSandpoliciesforITSoperation.

8.123CFR940COMPLIANCE

8.1.1INTRODUCTIONANDSCOPE

TheserequirementsapplytoFederalAidprojects,asrequiredbyFederalHighwayAdministration,DepartmentofTransportation23CFRPart940.State-fundedprojectswillfollowthesameprocessforconsistency.

Inaccordancewith23CFR940,ITSprojectsfundedthroughthehighwaytrustfundshallconformtotheNationalITSArchitectureandapplicablestandards.23CFR940alsostipulatesthat“conformancewiththeNationalITSArchitectureisinterpretedtomeantheuseoftheNationalITSArchitecturetodevelopaRegionalITSArchitecture,asapplicable,andthesubsequentadherenceofallITSprojectstothatRegionalITSArchitecture.”ThischapteroutlinestheTDOTproceduresforimplementingtheserequirements.Thelevelofdocumentationshouldbecommensuratewiththeprojectscope.

8.1.2GENERALCRITERIA

Inaccordancewith23CFR940.3,anITSprojectis“anyprojectthatinwholeorinpartfundstheacquisitionoftechnologiesorsystemsoftechnologiesthatprovideorsignificantlycontributetotheprovisionofoneormoreITSuserservicesasdefinedintheNationalITSArchitecture”.AnyreferencetotheITSArchitectureinthisdocumentreferstoStatewideandRegionalArchitectures.ThefollowingrequireddocumentationshallbecompletedbystaffthathasqualifiedITSexperience.TheyshallhavecompletedaSystemsEngineeringAnalysisonatleast（3）projects,includingatleastoneprojectthatmeetsthehighrisklevelcriteria.

InTennessee,aprojectwouldbeconsideredtobeanITSprojectifitmeetsanyofthefollowing:

▪Itrequirestheintegrationofmultipleseparatesystems;

▪Itisaprojectthathassignificantpotentialtoinvolvetheintegrationoftechnologiesonamulti-jurisdictionallevel;

▪Itreplacesexistingorinstallsnewcentrallycontrolledsoftware.

ITSProjectsmaybeeitherHighRisk,LowRisk,orExemptITSProjects.TheSEAdevelopmentprocessisdifferentforeachcategory.

ThefollowingdescribesthecategoriesofITSprojectsinTennessee:

HighRisk,LowRisk,andExempt.Thedecisivefactorinthisdeterminationisthescaleandcomplexityoftheproject.TrafficSignalprojectsarethemostcommonscalesensitiveprojects.ThenatureoftheengineeringdevelopmentforITSprojectsimpliesagreaterriskanduncertaintiestosuccessfulcompletion.Projectriskmaybedefinedintermsofschedule,cost,quality,andrequirements.TheseriskscanincreaseordecreasesignificantlybasedonseveralidentifiedfactorsassociatedwithITSprojects.

Thefactorsare:

▪Numberofjurisdictionsandmodes;

▪Extentofsoftwarecreation;

▪Extentofprovenhardwareandcommunicationstechnologyused;

▪Numberandcomplexityofnewinterfacestoothersystems;

▪Levelofdetailinrequirementsanddocumentation;

▪Levelofdetailinoperatingproceduresanddocumentation;

▪Servicelifeoftechnologyappliedtoequipmentandsoftware.

Genericcriteriaforthedeterminationofriskareshowninthelistbelow.

▪Technology:

functionsarenotfullyidentified,userinterfacenotright,unrealistictechnicalrequirements,componentshortcomings;

▪People:

personnelshortfalls;

▪PhysicalEnvironment:

externaldependencies,deviceplacement;

▪PoliticalEnvironment:

addingrequirementsthatarenottiedtoaneed,doyouhaveachampion;

▪ContractIssues:

unrealisticschedulesandbudgets,requirementschange;

▪AdditionalRiskFactorsareshowninTable8.1.

8.1.3HIGHRISKITSPROJECTS

AHighRiskITSprojectisanITSprojectthatimplementspartofaregionalITSinitiativethatismultijurisdictional,multi-modal,orotherwiseaffectsregionalintegrationofITS.Multi-jurisdictionaldoesnotnecessarilymeanthataprojectwithterminiinmorethanonecityisHighRiskITS.Thekeycriteriais“RegionalITSinitiative.”

HighRiskITSprojectshaveone（ormore）ofthefollowingcharacteristics:

▪Multi-JurisdictionalorMulti-modal;

▪Customsoftwareisrequired;

▪HardwareandCommunicationsare“cutting-edge”ornotincommonuse;

▪Newinterfacestoothersystemsarerequired;

▪Systemrequirementsnotdetailedornotfullydocumented;

▪Operatingproceduresnotdetailedornotfullydocumented;

▪Technologyservicelifeshortensprojectlife-cycle.

ThefollowingareexamplesofHighRiskITSprojects:

▪TDOTSmartWay（ifadditionalfunctionalityistobeadded）;

▪TrafficSignalsystemsscopedtobecentrallycontrolled（ClosedloopsystemsareNOTcentralcontrolsystems）;

▪TrafficsignalprojectsthatrequiretheintegrationofsignalsystemswithTDOTSmartWay,anArterialManagementSystem,orRWISsystems;

▪AnITSsystemthatinvolvesmultiplepoliticaljurisdictions;

▪RegionalTransitSystems;

▪TransitSignalPrioritySystems.

8.1.4LOWRISKITSPROJECTS

Low-RiskITSprojectsareoftenreferredtoasITSinfrastructureexpansionprojects.

LowRiskITSprojectswillhaveallofthefollowingcharacteristics:

▪Singlejurisdictionandsingletransportationmode（highway,transit,orrail）;

▪Nosoftwarecreation–commercial-off-the-shelf（COTS）orprovensoftware;

▪ProvenCOTShardware&

communicationstechnology;

▪Nonewinterfaces;

▪Systemrequirementsfullydetailedinwriting;

▪Operatingproceduresfullydetailedinwriting;

▪Projectlife-cyclenotshortenedbytechnologyservicelife.

ThefollowingareexamplesofLowRiskITSprojects:

▪Trafficsignalswithemergencyvehiclepreemption;

▪RoadwayWeatherInformationSystem（RWIS）;

▪ParkingManagementSystems;

▪VarioussurveillanceorcontrolsystemsthatcouldfunctionallybeintegratedintoaFreewayManagementSystem;

▪Expandingexistingcommunicationssystems–thisconsistsofextendingexistingfiber-opticorwirelesscommunicationssystems,usingthesametechnologyandspecificationsasthepreexistingsystem;

▪Leasingturnkeyservicesonly（e.g.,website-basedinformationservice）–withnohardwareorsoftwarepurchases.

8.1.5EXEMPTITSPROJECTS

ExemptITSprojectsdonotrequireaSystemsEngineeringAnalysis（SEA）.Allactivitiesofthetraditionalroadwayprojectdevelopmentlife-cycleprocesswillbefollowed.NofurtherITS-specificactionisnecessary.

ExemptITSprojectscanbeclassifiedintotwocategories:

▪AnexemptITSprojectisonethatdoesnotusefederalfunding;

▪ITSSystemexpansionsthatdonotaddnewfunctionality.Inotherwords,aprojectthatbyitselfmayhavebeenconsideredhighorlowrisk,butifthescopeoftheprojectsimplyexpandsthissystemitcanbeconsideredExempt.

ThefollowingareexamplesofExemptITSprojects:

▪Upgradestoanexistingtrafficsignal–Thismayinclude,forexample,addingorrevisingleftturnphasingorother