函授第册考试复习题Word文档格式.docx
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函授第册考试复习题Word文档格式.docx
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tseemveryinterestedintalkingtohim.YaserwashurtbySteve'
schangeofattitude."
Stevesaidwewerefriends,"
Yasercomplained,"
AndIthoughtfriendswerefriendsforever."
Yaserisalittleconfused.HeisanoutsidertoAmericanculture.Hedoesn'
tunderstandthewayAmericansviewfriendship.Americansusethewordfriendinaverygeneralway.Theymaycallbothcasualacquaintancesandclosecompanions"
friends"
.Americanshaveschoolfriends,workfriends,sportsfriendsandneighborhoodfriends.Thesefriendshipsarebasedoncommoninterests.Whenthesharedactivityends,thefriendshipmayfade.
Insomeculturesfriendshipmeansastronglife-longbondbetweentwopeople.Intheseculturesfriendshipsdevelopslowly,sincetheyarebuilttolast.Americansocietyisoneofrapidchange.StudiesshowthatoneoutoffiveAmericanfamiliesmoveeveryyear.Americanfriendshipsdevelopquickly,andtheymaychangejustasquickly.
PeoplefromtheUnitedStatesmayatfirstseemfriendly.Americansoftenchateasilywithstrangers.Theyexchangeinformationabouttheirfamilies,hobbiesandwork.Theymaysmilewarmlyandsay,"
Haveaniceday"
or"
Seeyoulater."
Schoolmatesmaysay,"
Let'
sgettogethersometime."
ButAmericanfriendlinessisnotalwaysanofferoftruefriendship.
LearninghowAmericansviewfriendshipcanhelpnon-Americansavoidmisunderstandings.ItcanalsohelpthemmakefriendstheAmericanway.
HereareafewtipsonmakingfriendswithAmericans:
1.VisitplacesAmericansenjoy.
2.Bewillingtotakethefirststep.Don'
twaitforthemtoapproachyou.
3.Usesmalltalktoopentheconversation.Becarefultoavoidpersonalquestions.
4.Showaninterestintheirculture,theircountryortheirjobs.
5.Invitethemtojoinyoufordinnerorjustforcoffeeortea.
6.Don'
texpecttoomuchatfirst.
PeoplelikeYasershouldn'
tgiveuptryingtomakeAmericanfriends.Americansdovaluestrong,lifelongfriendships,evenwithnon-Americans.Whenmakingfriends,ithelpstohaveagooddoseofculturalunderstanding.
1.Theauthor'
sattitudetowardsfriendshipofAmericanstyleis_____C_____.
A)criticalB)subjectiveC)objectiveD)favorable
2.WhatistypicaloffriendshipofAmericanstyle?
_____B_____.
A)Americansvaluestronglifelongfriendships.
B)Americansdevelopfriendshipquickly,andtheirfriendshipmaychangequicklyaswell.
C)Americanscanmakefriendswithallkindsofpeople.
D)Americanslikemakingfriendsbasedoncommoninterests,andenjoythesharedactivities.
3.IfanAmericanschoolmatesays:
"
sgettogethersometime"
(Para.5),itisusuallyawayto_____A_____.
A)bejustfriendly
B)giveyouarealinvitation
C)offerarealfriendship
D)meanquitetheopposite
4.IntheeyesofAmericans,SteveandYaserare_____D_____.
A)acquaintances
B)intimatecompanions
C)classmatesforever
D)schoolfriends
5.WhichofthefollowingcanhelpyoumakefriendstheAmericanway?
_____C_____.
A)AskyourAmericanfriendabouthisorhersalaryandmaritalstatus.
B)WaitforAmericanstotakethefirststep.
C)LearnaboutAmericans'
viewonfriendship.
D)Thinkthatfriendsarefriendsforeverandfriendshipneverchanges.
Passage2
Increasingly,overthepasttenyears,people—especiallyyoungpeople—havebecomeawareoftheneedtochangetheireatinghabits,becausemuchofthefoodtheyeat,particularlyprocessedfoods,isnotgoodforthehealth.Consequently,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods:
foodswhichdonotcontainchemicaladditivesandwhichhavenotbeenaffectedbychemicalfertilizerswidelyusedinfarmingtoday.
Naturalfoods,forexample,arevegetables,fruitandgrainwhichhavebeengrowninsoilthatisrichinorganicmatter.Insimpleterms,thismeansthatthesoilhasbeennourishedbyunusedvegetablematter,whichprovidesitwithessentialvitaminsandminerals.Thisinitselfisanaturalprocesscomparedwiththeuseofchemicals,andfertilizers,themainpurposeofwhichistoincreasetheamount—butnotthequality—offoodsgrownincommercialfarmingareas.
Naturalfoodsalsoincludeanimalswhichhavebeenallowedtofeedandmovefreelyinhealthypastures.Comparethiswithwhathappensinthemassproductionofpoultry:
therearebatteryfarms,forexample,wherethousandsofchickenslivecrowdedtogetherinonebuildingandarefedonfoodwhichislittlebetterthanrubbish.Chickenskeptinthiswayarenotonlytastelessasfood;
theyalsoproduceeggswhichlackimportantvitamins.
Thereareotheraspectsofhealthyeatingwhicharenowreceivingincreasingattention.Forexample,thequestionofsugar.Thisisactuallyanonessentialfood!
Althoughanaturalalternative,suchashoney,canbeusedtosweetenfoodifthisisnecessary,wecaninfactdowithoutit.Itisnotthatsugarisharmfulinitself.Butitdoesseemtobeaddictive:
thequantityweusehasgrownsteadilyoverthelasttwocenturiesandinBritaintodayeachpersonconsumesanaverageof200poundsayear!
Yetallitdoesistoprovideuswithenergy,intheformofcalories.Therearenovitaminsinit,nominerals—andnofibre.
Itissignificantthatnowadaysfibreisconsideredtobeanimportantpartofahealthydiet.Inwhitebread,forexample,thefibrehasbeenremoved.Butitispresentinunrefinedflourandofcourseinvegetables.Itisinterestingtonotethatincountrieswherethenationaldietcontainslargequantitiesofunrefinedflourandvegetable,certaindiseasesarecomparativelyrare.Hencetheemphasiswasplacedontheeatingofwholemealbreadandmorevegetablesbymodernexpertson"
healthyeating."
6.What'
sthetitleofthispassage?
_____B_____.
A)OnDiet
B)HealthyEating
A)EatingHabits
B)NaturalFood
7.Whichstatementisnotcorrect?
_____D_____.
A)Thefoodsgrownincommercialfarmingareascontainmorechemicals.
B)Soilisrichinorganicmatter.
C)Modernexpertssuggesteatingwholemealbreadandmorevegetables.
D)Animalsdon'
tbelongtonaturalfoods.
8.Theword"
process"
inthephrase"
processedfoods"
means_____D_____.
A)seriesofactions
B)changes
C)methodespeciallyoneusedinindustrytomakesomething
D)putfoodthroughanindustrialormanufacturingprocessinordertochangeit
9.Theauthor'
sattitudetowardsprocessedfoodsis_____C_____.
A)indifferentB)favorableC)negativeD)tolerant
10.Sugarshouldnotbetakentoooftenbecause_____A_____.
A)itmaybeaddictive.
B)itisharmfulinitself.
C)itisactuallynotanimportantfoodforus.
D)itisnotassweetashoney.
Passage3
Computershavebecomesonecessarytomodernlivingthatitisdifficulttobelievethattheyarearelativelyrecentinvention.Undoubtedly,theyhaveprovedtobeofgreatvalue,buttheyalsohavetheirdisadvantages.Foronething,theyhaveaddedtoouralreadylargenumberofcrimes.
Hackingwasthefirstcomputercrimethatmostofusbecameawareof.Byusingtheircomputingexpertise,peopleknownashackerscangainunauthorizedaccesstosomeoneelse'
scomputerandmakeuseofthedatawhichtheyfindthere.Theymay,forexample,getholdoflistsofthenamesoftheircompetitors'
clientsandusethesetobuilduptheirownbusinesses,ortheymayusehackingasaformofindustrialespionagetofindoutarivalcompany'
splans.Otherhackingactivitiesmaybemoreobviouslycriminal,inthathackersmaylogontofinancialdatainsomeoneelse'
scomputerandeitheralteritillegallyoruseitforfraudulentpurposes.
ThepossibilityofseriousfinancialfraudhasbeengreatlyincreasedbythemodernpracticeofpurchasinggoodsthroughtheInternet.Apparently,theuseofcreditcardstopayforpurchaseshasledtorecordlevelsoffraudwithagreatmanypeoplebeingswindledoutofagreatdealofmoney.Banksareworkinghardtoimproveonlinesecurityandtoprovidesafeguardsforcustomers,butfraudstersareworkingjustashardtoimprovetheircrookedtechniques.
Manycomputerusersworryincasetheirsystemsareaffectedbycomputerviruses.Thepeoplewhointroducesuchbugsintootherpeople'
scomputerprogramsmaynotintentionallybecommittingacrime,butmaybedoingsoasanactofmischieforspite.Themotivedoesnotreallymattertothepeoplewhosedatahasbeendeletedoralteredorwhosefileshavebeencorrupted.
Computersarepartofahighlytechnicalmethodofworking,inwhichthereareconstantlynewdevelopments.Unfortunately,thereisalsoaconstantstreamofnewdevelopmentsinthefraudindustryassociatedwiththemall.Allcomputerusersmustbeontheirguard.
11.Theinseparableconnectionbetweencomputersandmodernlivinghasoftenmadeusforgetthefactthat______C_____.
A)computercrimesareincreasing
B)computeshavemanydisadvantages
C)computershavebeeninourlivesnotforlong
D)
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