曼昆《经济学原理》宏观第五版测试题库 33Word格式.docx

曼昆《经济学原理》宏观第五版测试题库 33Word格式.docx

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33-2

NAT:

AnalyticLOC:

Aggregatedemandandaggregatesupply

TOP:

ClassicaleconomicsMSC:

Definitional

2.BecauseeconomistsunderstandwhatthingschangeGDP,theycanpredictrecessionswithafairamountofaccuracy.

FDIF:

33-1

EconomicfluctuationsMSC:

Analytical

3.Mostmacroeconomicvariablesthatmeasuresometypeofincome,spending,orproductionfluctuatecloselytogether.

Interpretive

4.LikerealGDP,investmentfluctuates,butitfluctuatesmuchlessthanrealGDP..

Economicfluctuations|InvestmentMSC:

5.Whenoutputrises,unemploymentfalls.

Economicfluctuations|UnemploymentMSC:

6.Anincreaseinthemoneysupplycausesoutputtoriseinthelongrun.

MonetaryneutralityMSC:

7.Mosteconomistsbelievethatclassicaltheorydescribestheworldintheshortrunbutnotinthelongrun.

ClassicaldichotomyMSC:

8.Achangeinthemoneysupplychangesonlynominalvariablesinthelongrun.

9.Theexplanationsfortheslopesoftheaggregatedemandandshort-runaggregatesupplycurvesarethesameastheexplanationsfortheslopesofdemandandsupplycurvesforspecificgoodsandservices.

Aggregatedemandslope|Short-runaggregatesupplyslope

MSC:

10.Theaggregate-demandcurveshowsthequantityofdomesticgoodsandservicesthathouseholds,firms,thegovernment,andcustomersabroadwanttobuyateachpricelevel.

2REF:

Aggregate-demandcurveMSC:

11.Adecreaseinthepricelevelmakesconsumersfeelwealthier,sotheypurchasemore.Thislogichelpsexplainwhytheaggregatedemandcurveslopesdownward.

33-3

WealtheffectMSC:

12.Otherthingsthesame,adecreaseinthepricelevelmakestheinterestratedecrease,whichleadstoadepreciationofthedollarintheforeign-currencyexchange.

Wealtheffect|Exchange-rateeffectMSC:

13.Theexchange-rateeffectistheideathatahigherU.S.pricelevelcausesthevalueofthedollartoincreaseinforeignexchangemarkets,andthiseffectcontributestothedownwardslopeoftheaggregate-demandcurve.

AggregatedemandslopeMSC:

14.Thedownwardslopeoftheaggregatedemandcurveisbasedonlogicthatasthepricelevelrises,consumption,investment,andnetexportsallfall.

15.Aggregatedemandshiftstotheleftifthemoneysupplyincreases.

Aggregatedemandshifts|MonetarypolicyMSC:

Applicative

16.Adecreaseinthemoneysupplycausestheinterestratetorisesothatinvestmentfalls.

Aggregatedemandshifts|MoneysupplyMSC:

17.Ifspeculatorsbidupthevalueofthedollarinthemarketforforeign-currencyexchange,U.S.aggregatedemandwouldshifttotheleft.

Aggregatedemandshifts|NetexportsMSC:

18.Theeffectofachangeinthevalueofthedollarintheforeignexchangemarketduetoachangeinthepricelevelhelpsexplaintheslopeofaggregatedemand,butdoesnotshiftit.Theeffectsofachangeinthevalueofthedollarintheforeignexchangemarketduetospeculationisshownbyshiftingtheaggregatedemandcurve.

3REF:

19.Anincreaseinthemoneysupplyshiftsthelong-runaggregatesupplycurvetotheright.

33-4

Long-runaggregatesupply|MonetarypolicyMSC:

20.Technologicalprogressshiftsthelong-runaggregatesupplycurvetotheright.

EconomicgrowthandinflationMSC:

21.Otherthingsthesame,technologicalprogressraisesthepricelevel..

22.Becausethepriceleveldoesnotaffectthelong-rundeterminantsofrealGDP,thelong-runaggregate-supplyisvertical.

Long-runaggregatesupplyMSC:

23.Wecouldexplaincontinuedincreasesinbothoutputandthepricelevelbysupposingthatonlyaggregatedemandshiftedrightovertime.

24.Ifnotallpricesadjustinstantlytochangingeconomiccircumstances,anunexpectedfallinthepricelevelleavessomefirmswithhigher-than-desiredprices,andthesehigher-than-desiredpricesdepresssalesandinducefirmstoreducethequantityofgoodsandservicestheyproduce.

MisperceptionstheoryMSC:

25.Allexplanationsfortheupwardslopeoftheshort-runaggregatesupplycurvesupposethatthequantityofoutputsuppliedincreaseswhentheactualpricelevelexceedstheexpectedpricelevel.

Short-runaggregatesupplyslopeMSC:

26.Theonlywaytorationalizeanupwardslopefortheshort-runaggregate-supplycurveistoarguethatwagesarestickyintheshortrun.

Short-runaggregate-supplycurveMSC:

27.Anincreaseintheactualpriceleveldoesnotshifttheshort-runaggregatesupplycurve,butanexpectedincreaseinthepricelevelshiftstheshort-runaggregatesupplycurvetotheleft.

Short-runaggregatesupplyMSC:

28.FluctuationsinrealGDParecausedonlybychangesinaggregatedemandandnotbychangesinaggregatesupply.

33-5

Short-runequilibrium|EconomicfluctuationsMSC:

29.Increaseduncertaintyandpessimismaboutthefutureoftheeconomyleadsfirmstodesirelessinvestmentspendingwhichshiftstheaggregate-demandcurvetotheleft.

Aggregatedemandshifts|PessimismMSC:

30.Increasedoptimismaboutthefutureleadstorisingpricesandfallingunemploymentintheshortrun.

Short-runequilibrium|PessimismMSC:

31.Inresponsetoadecreaseinoutput,theeconomywouldreverttoitsoriginallevelofpricesandoutputwhetherthedecreaseinoutputwascausedbyadecreaseinaggregatedemandoradecreaseinaggregatesupply.

Long-runequilibriumMSC:

32.Ifaggregatedemandshiftsright,theneventuallypricelevelexpectationsrise.Theincreaseinpricelevelexpectationscausestheshort-runaggregate-supplycurvetoshifttotheleft.

33.Ifaggregatedemandandaggregatesupplybothshiftright,wecanbesurethatthepricelevelishigherintheshortrun.

Short-runequilibriumMSC:

34.EconomistsmostlyagreethattheGreatDepressionwasprincipallycausedbyfactorsthatshiftedshort-runaggregatesupplyleft.

GreatDepressionMSC:

35.Theprimarypurposeoftheaggregatedemandandaggregatesupplymodelistodemonstratetheclassicaldichotomy.

AggregatedemandandaggregatesupplymodelMSC:

36.IncreasedoutputandpricesintheUnitedStatesintheearly1