广东省佛山市普通高中届高三二模教学质量检测二英语试题Word格式文档下载.docx
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广东省佛山市普通高中届高三二模教学质量检测二英语试题Word格式文档下载.docx
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动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
因不考听力,试卷从第二部分的“阅读”开始,试题序号从阅读“21”开始。
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;
每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Marathonisthesupremedisciplineoflong-distancerunning.Theyarenotonlyattractivefortopathletes,butalsoforhobbyrunners.Thechoiceofeventsisalmostendless.Nowwehaveputtogethersomemostbreathtakinglybeautifulonesthatyou’llbetempted(诱惑)torunholdingacamera.
Ultra-trailAngkor,Cambodia
ThenewestofaseriesofAngkormarathons,thisendurancetestoffers32-km,64-kmand128-kmroutesaroundthefamoustemples,includingBayonandAngkorWat.Watchoutformonkeys,andthegigantictreevinesthatmemorablyhugsomeofthegreatbuildings.
DodoTrail,Mauritius
Crossingruggedcoastlineandtropicalforests,theDodoTrailisfullofwildlife,althoughthefamousdodobirdremains,sadly,extinct.Whilethedemanding50kmXtremeroutecovers828m-highBlackRiverPeak,abeginner-friendlyMiniDodoTrail(10km)iseasier.
GreatOceanRoadmarathon,Australia
Anotherwell-knownsceniccoastaldrive,southernAustralia’sGreatOceanRoadstagesafootraceeveryMay.Neck-achecouldbeaproblem:
inonedirectionliesthescenicSouthSea,andinanotherhandsomeforestand,ifyou’relucky,akoalaortwo.Bewarned,however,thattheseriesofsteepslopesmakethisoneofthetoughestmarathons.
BigFivemarathon,SouthAfrica
MarathonmeetssafariattheprivatelyownedEntabeniGameReserveeveryJune.Thestarttimeisdependentontherace-daylocationoftheBigFivemembers–Africanelephants,Capebuffalo,lions,leopardsandrhinos–asorganizerstrytoguaranteesightings.
21.Whichmarathonissuitableforlessexperiencedrunners?
A.Ultra-trailAngkor.
C.GreatOceanRoadmarathon.
B.DodoTrail.
D.BigFivemarathon.
22.Whydoesthewritermention“neck-ache”inGreatOceanRoadmarathon?
A.Tohighlightthewonderfulscenery.
B.Topresentthedifficultyoftheevent.
C.Toattractattentiontophysicalhealth.
D.Towarnrunnersofdangerousanimals.
23.Whatdothefourmarathonshaveincommon?
A.Riskyandtiringroutes.
B.Beautifulcoastalviews.
C.Chancestoseewildanimals.
D.Fixedtimeforannualevents.
B
Likemanyconstructions,itstartedsmall.Butnowthousandsofchildrenwithautism(自闭症)aremakingfriendsandlearningsocialskillsbyplayingaspecialversionofonlinebuildinggameMinecraft.
StuartDuncangottheideathroughapopularblogheranabouthisownexperienceswithautismaswellasbringingupasonwithautism.Otherparentswithautisticchildrenstartedtellinghimthattheirkidswerecrazyaboutagamethatletthemexplorearandomlygeneratedwilderness.However,despitelovingthegame,manyofthechildrenwerebeingbullied(霸凌)byotherplayers.
So,in2013,Duncan,awebdeveloperinCanada,setupaservertorunaversionofMinecraftonlyforchildrenwithautismandtheirfamilies.Hethoughttheinvite-onlyserverwouldattract10or20people,buthundredsrequestedtojoininthefirstfewdays.Now,almostthreeyearslater,runningthespecialversion,Autcraft,ishisfull-timejob.Thecommunityhasnearly7000members,alongwithateamofengineerstohelpmanageitsmanyactivities.“Parentsseesuchabenefitforthemselvesandtheirchildren,”saysDuncan.
InMinecraft,youuseblocksofmaterialslikewoodandstonetobuildwhateveryoulike.“Thisisagreatwayforthemtoplayagametheylove,butalsohaveasocialexperience,”saysKateRinglandfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,whohasspent60hoursinsidethisvirtualworld,watchinghowthekidsplayandchattooneanother.“It’sgivinganalternativewayforthesekidstoexpressthemselvesandcommunicatewithoutthestressesofthephysicallifestuff.”
Everydaysocialsituationscanbechallengingforautisticchildren,whomaystruggletopickuponsocialsignalsorunderstandanotherperson’sviewpoint.DuncanthinksMinecraftremovesthepressurestypicaloftherealworld.Thereisnonoisyorunfamiliarenvironmenttodistract(使分心)you,nopressuretotracktheotherperson’sfacialexpressionsorworryabouteyecontact.JoiningacommunitylikeAutcraftcouldbeagoodfirststeptofeelinglesssociallyanxiousandmoreengaged.
24.WhatinspiredDuncantorunAutcraft?
A.OnlineBullying.
B.Hisson’srequest.
C.Someparents’advice.
D.Hisblogaboutautism.
25.WhatcanwelearnaboutAutcraftfromParagraph3?
A.Ithasabout7,000engineers.
B.Itwasanunexpectedsuccess.
C.Ithelpedparentsplaywiththeirkids.
D.Itremainsaccessibletoallthepeople.
26.HowdoesMinecrafthelpchildrenaccordingtoDuncan?
A.Byteachingcommunicationskills.
B.Bysolvingtheirrealworldproblems.
C.Byexplainingotherpeople’sviewpoints.
D.Byofferingstress-freesocialexperiences.
27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.HowCanWeDealWithAutism?
B.WhatMakesMinecraftSoFamous?
C.WhyDoOnlineGamesBenefitChildren?
D.HowDoesAutcraftHelpAutisticChildren?
C
Itissomethingonehalfofthepopulationhaslongsuspectedandtheotherhalfalwaysvocallydenied
–womenreallydotalkmorethanmen.Infact,womentalkalmostthreetimesasmuchasmen,withtheaveragewomanchalkingup20,000wordsinaday–13,000morethantheaverageman.
Womenalsospeakmorequickly,devotemorebrainpowertochit-chat,andactuallyenjoyhearingtheirownvoices,anewbooksuggests.Thebook–writtenbyafemalepsychiatrist,Dr.LuanBrizendine–saysthatinherent(生来就有的)differencesbetweenthemaleandfemalebrainexplainwhywomenarenaturallymoretalkativethanmen.
InTheFemaleMind,Brizendinesaysthedifferencescanbetracedbacktothewomb(子宫),wherethesexhormone(激素)calledtestosteronemouldsthedevelopingmalebrain.Theareasresponsibleforcommunication,emotionandmemoryareallreducedbeforeababyboyisborn.
Theresultisthatboys–andmen–chatlessthantheirfemalepeersandstruggletoexpresstheiremotionstothesameextent.“Womenhaveaneight-lanesuperhighwayforprocessingemotion,whilemenhaveasmallcountryroad,”saidBrizendine.
Thereare,however,advantagesofbeingthestrong,silenttype.Brizendineexplainsinherbookthattestosteronealsoreducesthesizeofthesectionofthebraininvolvedinhearing–allowingmentobecome“deaf”tothemostlogicalargumentsputforwardbytheirwivesandgirlfriends.
Otherscientists,however,saymanyofthedifferencesbetweenthemaleandfemalepersonalitycanbeexplainedbysocialconditioning,withachild’supbringinggreatlyinfluencingtheircharacter.
DeborahCameron,anOxfordUniversitylinguisticsprofessorwithaspecialinterestinlanguageandgender,saidtheamountwetalkisinfluencedbywhowearewithandwhatwearedoing.“Ifyoulookthroughalargenumberofstudiesyouwillfindthereislittledifferencebetweentheamountmenandwomentalk,”sheadded.
28.WhichclaimdoesthebookTheFemaleMindprobablysupport?
A.Womenenjoyarguing.
B.Womenareborntalkative.
C.Womenaregreatpublicspeakers.
D.Womentakeprideintheirtalents.
29.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“moulds”inParagraph3?
A.Influences.B.Stimulates.C.Enlarges.D.Harms.
30.HowaremenaffectedbytestosteroneaccordingtoDr.Brizendine?
A.Theyhaveasmallsizeofbrain.
B.Theyarenotsologicalintalking.
C.Theyareusuallylesscommunicative.
D.Theyareunwillingtolistentofemales.
31.WhatmessagedoesCameroncarryinthelastparagraph?
A.Furtherstudiesneedtobecarriedout.
B.Genderseldomaffectsone’stalkingstyle.
C.Theamountwetalkshapesourcharacter.
D.Mentalkasmuchaswomenonthewhole.
D
Thetimeapersonspendsondifferentsmartphoneappsisenoughtoidentifythemfromalargergroupinmorethanoneinthreecases,sayresearchers.
Researchersanalyzedsmartphonedatafrom780people.Theyfed4,680daysofappusagedataintostatisticalmodels.Eachofthesedayswaspairedwithoneofthe780userssothatthemodelslearnedpeople’sdailyappusepatterns.
Theresearchersthentestedwhethermodelscouldidentifyanindividualwhenprovidedwithonlyasingledayofsmartphoneactivitythatwasanonymous(匿名的).Themodels,whichweretrainedononlysixdaysofappusagedataperperson,couldidentifythecorrectpersonfromadayofanonymousdataonethirdofthetime.
Thatmightnotsoundlikemuch,butwhenthemodelspredictwhothedatabelongedto,itcouldalsoprovidealistofthemosttotheleastlikelycandidates.Itwaspossibletoviewthetop10mostlikelyindividualsthataspecificdayofdatabelongedto.Around75%ofthetime,thecorrectuserwouldbeamongthetop10mostlikelycandidates.
Inpracticalterms,alawenforcement(执法机构)investigationseekingtoidentifyacriminal’snewphonewiththesemodelscouldreduceacandidatepoolofapproximately1,000phonesto10phones,witha25%riskofmissingthem.
Consequently,theresearcherswarnthatsoftwaregivenaccesstoasmartphone’sstandardactivityloggingcouldmakeareasonablepredictionaboutauser’sidentityevenwhentheywerelogged-outoftheiraccount.Anidentificationispossiblewithoutmonitoringconversationsorbehaviorswithinappsthemselves.
Therefore,itisimportanttoacknowledgethatappusagedataalone,whichisoftencollectedbyasmartphoneautomatically,canpotentiallyrevealaperson’sidentity.Whileprovidingnewopportunitiesforlawenforcement,italsoposesrisk
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