文段选读文档格式.docx
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文段选读文档格式.docx
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A.friendsarethosewhomustsharetheirinterests
B.friendsarecloserthanpeoplewhojustgetonwellwitheachother
C.allthepeopleknowhowtomakefriends
D.everystudentshassixfriends
65.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.
A.therearenospecialceremoniestostrengthenfriendship
B.friendshipcanovercomealldifferencesbetweentwopeople
C.differencesinopinioncanleadtofriendship
D.friendshipcanbestrengthenedbysmilesandsoftvoices
66.Theunderlinedwords“beingonthesamewavelength”inParagraph2meanthatpeople________.
A.watchthesameTVprogramsB.arethesameinallways
C.havethesamebackgroundD.sharethesamewayofthinkingandthesameinterests
67.WhichofthefollowingisNOTimpliedinthepassage?
A.Evenfriendsmayhavedifferentopinions.B.Friendsneverarguewitheachother.
C.Itgenerallytakestimeforpeopletobecomeclosefriends.
D.Someone’shabitsmayannoyhisfriends.
答案
64.B 推理判断题。
由第一段第二句可知,朋友要比那些相处得好的人们更为亲近一些。
65.A 推理判断题。
由最后一段首句可以得出没有什么特殊仪式能加强两人之间的友谊。
66.D 句意理解题。
由第二段第一句可以判断,它的含义为“有共同的想法和爱好”。
67.B 推理判断题。
由第二段第一句可知,有些朋友之间也会争论,因此B项错误。
Friendsplayanimportantpartinourlives,andalthoughwemaytakethefriendshipforgranted,weoftendon’tclearlyunderstandhowwemakefriends.Whilewegetonwellwithanumberofpeople,weareusuallyfriendswithonlyaveryfew—forexample,theaverageamongstudentsisabout6perperson.Inallthecasesoffriendlyrelationships,twopeoplelikeoneanotherandenjoybeingtogether,butbeyondthat,thedegreeofintimacybetweenthemandthereasonsfortheirsharedinterestvaryenormously.Aswegettoknowpeoplewetakeintoaccountthingslikeage,race,economiccondition,socialposition,andintelligence.Althoughthesefactorsarenotofprimeimportance,itismoredifficulttogetonwithpeoplewhenthereisamarkeddifferenceinageandbackground.
Somefriendlyrelationshipscanbekeptonargumentanddiscussion,butitisusualforclosefriendstohavesimilarideasandbeliefs,tohaveattitudesandinterestsincommon—theyoftentalkabout“beingonthesamewavelength”.Itgenerallytakestimetoreachthispoint.Andthemoreintimatelyinvolvedpeoplebecome,themoretheyrelyononeanother.Peoplewanttodofriendsfavorsandhatetobreakapromise.Equally,friendshavetolearntoputupwithannoyinghabitsandtotoleratedifferencesofopinion.
31.Accordingtotheauthor,______.
A.allthosewhogetonwellwitheachotherarefriends
B.friendsarecloserthanpeoplewhojustgetonwellwitheachother
C.everyoneunderstandsclearlyhowtomakefriends
D.everystudenthas6friends
32.Whenwemakefriends,weconsidersuchthingsasage,race,andbackground,because______.
A.itisnoteasytohaveafriendlyrelationshipwithpeoplewhenthereisamarkeddifferenceinageandbackground
B.thedegreeoffriendshipbetweentwopeopleandthereasonfortheirsharedinterestcanvarygreatly
C.friendsneedtoknowallthesethings
D.thesearethemostimportantfactorstomakefriends
33.InParagraph2,“beingonthesamewavelength”means“______”.
A.usingthesamefrequencywhiletalking
B.keepingthesamefriendlyrelationshipasotherpeopledo
C.havingsimilarideas,beliefs,attitudesandinterests
D.havingthesamebackground
34.WhichofthefollowingisNOTimpliedordirectlystatedinthepassage?
A.Evenfriendsmayhavedifferencesofopinions.
B.Friendsneverarguewitheachother.
C.Itgenerallytakestimeforpeopletobecomeclosefriends.
D.Someone’shabitsmayannoyhisfriends.
35.Tostrengthenfriendlyrelationship,people______.
A.mustholdfriendshipceremonies
B.havetoeliminatedifferencesinbackground
C.shouldmakefriendswiththosewhoareofthesameageandofthesamerace
D.shouldsupportandunderstandeachotherthroughsharedexperiencesandemotions
31B32B33C34B35D
Althoughpeopleareborntowin,theyarealsobornhelplessandtotallydependentontheirenvironment.Winnerssuccessfullymakethetransitionfromtotalhelplessnesstoindependence,andthentointerdependence.Losersdonot.Somewherealongthelinetheybegintoavoidbecomingself-responsible.
Fewpeoplearetotalwinnersorlosers.Mostofthemarewinnersinsomeareasoftheirlivesandlosersinothers.Theirwinningorlosingisinfluencedbywhathappenstotheminchildhood.
Alackofresponsetodependencyneeds,poornutrition,brutality,unhappyrelationships,diseases,continuingdisappointments,inadequatephysicalcare,andtraumaticeventsareamongthemanyexperiencesthatcontributetomakingpeoplelosers.Suchexperiencesinterrupt,deter,orpreventthenormalprogresstowardautonomyandself-actualization.Tocopewithnegativeexperiencesachildlearnstomanipulatehimselfandothers.Thesemanipulativetechniquesarehardtogiveuplaterinlifeandoftenbecomesetpatterns.Awinnerworkstoshedthem.Aloserhangsontothem.(165words)
BorntoWin
生而为赢
你无法教会一个人任何事,你只能帮助他自己去发现。
--伽利略
Eachhumanbeingisbornassomethingnew,somethingthatneverexistedbefore.Heisbornwithwhatheneedstowinatlife.Eachpersoninhisownwaycansee,hear,touch,taste,andthinkforhimself.Eachhashisuniquepotentials--hiscapabilitiesandlimitations.Eachcanbeasignificant,thinking,aware,andcreativelyproductivepersoninhisownright--awinner.每个人从出生的那一刻起,就作为一个崭新的、从未存在过的面目出现。
他生而具备了所有使他能在生活中取得胜利的一切。
每个人都能够以他自有的独特方式去观察,倾听,触摸,品尝和思考。
每个人都拥有其独一无二的潜质--他的才能和他的局限。
每个人都可行使其自己的权利,成为一个功勋卓著、善于思考、充满觉悟和创新性的生产能力的人--一位胜利者。
Thewords"
winner"
and"
loser"
havemanymeanings.Whenwerefertoapersonasawinner,wedonotmeanonewhobeatstheotherguybywinningoverhimandmakinghimlose.Tous,awinnerisonewhorespondsauthenticallybybeingcredible,trustworthy,responsive,andgenuine,bothasanindividualandasamemberofasociety.Aloserisonewhofailstocorrespondauthentically.MastinBuberexpressesthisideaasheretellsanoldstoryofarabbiwhoonhisdeathbedseeshimselfasaloser.Therabbilamentsthat,intheworldtocome,hewillnotbeaskedwhyhewasn'
tMoses,hewillbeaskedwhyhewasn'
thimself.“胜利者”和“失败者”这两个词拥有很多含义。
当我们称一个人为胜利者时,并不是指那类借助胜过对方并致使对方失败而打倒他人的人。
对我们而言,胜利者是那种无论作为个人还是社会成员,都能以一种可信任的,值得信赖的,负责任和真诚的态度为人处世的人。
失败者则指那些未能做到诚实可靠的人。
MastinBuber在他转述一则老故事时表达了这一观点。
那是一个关于一位拉比(译者注:
希伯来文,含导师和精神领袖之意)在临死前将自己视为失败者的故事,故事中的拉比哀叹说:
在即将到来的世界里,他将不会被询问他为何没有成为摩西(译者注:
旧约圣经中希伯来人的先知,曾引领以色列人走出埃及,史称‘出埃及事’),而会被质问他为何没有成为他自己。
Fewpeopleareonehundredpercentwinnersoronehundredpercentlosers,It'
samatterofdegree.However,onceapersonisontheroadtobeingawinner,hischancesaregreaterforbecomingevenmoreso.Thisbookisintendedtofacilitatethejourney.百分之百的胜利者和百分之百的失败者都是罕见的,问题在于程度的不同。
尽管如此,一旦一个人踏上了胜利者的道路,他成为胜利者的机会将变得更大,这部专著的目的就在于方便这段胜利者的旅途。
"
WINNERS"
“胜利者”
Winnershavedifferentpotentials,Achievementisnotthemostimportantthing.Authenticityis.theauthenticpersonexperiencestherealityofhimselfbyknowinghimself,beinghimself,andbecomingacredible,responsiveperson.Heactualizeshisownunprecedenteduiquenessandappreciatestheuniquenessofothers.(Thecommonpronoun"
he"
referstopersonofeithersexexceptwhen"
she"
isdefinatelyapplicable.)胜利者们拥有不同的潜质,成就并非最重要的东西,真正重要的是真诚。
真诚的人通过了解自己,做回自己并成为一个诚实可靠且负有责任心的人而体验到真实的自我。
他不仅实现自身的史无前例的独特品质,还去欣赏其他人的独特品质(这里的‘他’指代任何性别的人,除非是在明确需要使用‘她’的场合)。
Aw
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