药理学英文试题含复习资料Word文档格式.docx
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药理学英文试题含复习资料Word文档格式.docx
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D.Phenobarbital(pKa=7.4)
E.propranolol(pKa=9.4)
4.Whichofthefollowingtermsismostlikelytobeassociatedwith“arapidreductioninthe
effectofagivendoseofadrugafteronlyoneortwodoses”?
A.supersensitivity
B.tachyphylaxis
C.tolerance
D.hyposensitivity
E.anaphylaxis
5.Aweakacidicdrugwith4.4ofpKa,ifthestomachjuicepHis1.4,plasmapHis7.4,when
thedistributionbalanceisreached,thedrugconcentrationratiobetweenplasmaandstomach
juiceis
A.100
B.0.001
C.1000
D.10000
E.0.01
6.Inthisgraph,drugsA,BandCareanalogs,then
A.AhasagreaterpotencythanB
B.AhasagreaterefficacythanC
C.BhaslesspotencythanC
D.AhasagreaterpotencythanC
E.BhasagreaterefficacythanC
7.Aspirinisaweakacidwith3.5ofpKa,whatpercentageoflipidsoluble
formwillbeinthe
stomachjuicewith2.5ofpH?
A.0.99%
B.9%
C.9.09%
D.90.9%
E.99.9%
8.Thecontractileeffectofvariousdosesofnorepinephrine(NE)(X)aloneonvascularsmooth
muscleisrepresentedinthefigurebelow.Whencombinedwithanantagonist(ICorINC),a
shiftinthedoseresponse
curveoccurs.ThecurvelabeledX+INCwouldmostlylikelyoccur
whenvascularsmoothmuscleistreatedwithNEinthepresen
A.terazosin
B.phentolamine
C.labetalol
D.phenoxybenzamine
E.prazosin
B
A
C
效应
Log剂量
4
9.ThereversiblecholinesteraseinhibitorindicatedinthetreatmentofAlzheimer’sdiseaseis
A.tacrine
B.edrophonium
C.neostigmine
D.pyridostigmine
E.ambenonium
10.Apredictablydangeroussideeffectofnadololthatconstitutesacontraindicationtoits
clinicaluseinsusceptiblepatientsistheinductionof
A.hypertension
B.cardiacarrhythmia
C.asthmaticattacks
D.respiratorydepression
E.hypersensitivity
11.Epinephrinemaybemixedwithcertainanesthetics,suchasprocaine,inorderto
A.stimulatelocalwoundrepair
B.promotehemostasis
C.enhancetheirinteractionwithneuralmembranesandtheirabilitytodepressnerve
conduction
D.retardtheirsystemicabsorption
E.facilitatetheirdistributionalongnerves
12.A58yearold
malewithanginaistreatedwithatenolol.Selectthemechanismofactionof
atenolol
A.aadrenergic
agonist
B.aadrenergic
antagonist
C.badrenergic
D.badrenergic
E.mixedaandbantagonist
13.Amalepatientisbroughttotheemergencydepartmentfollowingingestionofanunknown
substance.Heisfoundtohaveanelevatedtemperature,hotandflushedskin,dilatedpupils,
andtachycardia.Ofthefollowing,whichwouldmostlikelycausethesefindings?
5
A.propranolol
B.tolazoline
C.prazosin
D.donepezil
E.atropine
14.A65yearold
malehasabloodpressureof170/105mmHg.Whichofthefollowingwould
beeffectiveinloweringthispatient’sbloodpressure?
A.terbutaline
B.dobutamine
C.pancuronium
D.prazosin
E.scopolamine
15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedinshockforincreasingcardiacoutputandrenalblood
flow?
A.norepinephrine
B.epinephrine
C.dopamine
D.phenylephrine
E.methoxamine
16.AllofthefollowingstatementsarerelatedwithsuccinylcholineEXCEPT
A.havemusclefasciculationbeforemusclerelaxation
B.havenoganglionicblockingactionsattherapeuticdose
C.canbeantagonizedbyneostigmine
D.elevatebloodpotassiumconcentration
E.assistantagentsofanesthetics
17.Theagentwhichiseffectiveforprostatichyperplasiabuthasnoeffectonbloodpressureis
B.tamsulosin
C.phenoxybenzamine
D.regitine
18.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?
A.Diazepaminducethedrugmetabolizingenzymes.
B.Allbenzodiazepinesshowantiepilepticactions.
C.Allbenzodiazepineshavesedativeeffects.
D.Benzodiazepinesreadilyproducegeneralanesthesia.
E.Benzodiazepinesdirectlyopenchloridechannels.
19.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?
A.Chlorpromazineisindicatedintreatingthenauseaoflevodopatreatment.
B.VitaminB6increasestheeffectivenessoflevodopa.
6
C.AdministrationofdopamineisaneffectivetreatmentofParkinson’sdisease.
D.Levodopainduced
nauseaisreducedbycarbidopa.
E.NonspecificMAOinhibitors
areausefuladjuncttolevodopatherapy.
20.WhichofthefollowingiscommontothetricyclicantidepressantsandMAOinhibitors?
A.Theycanproducesedation.
B.Theyproducephysicaldependence.
C.Theyshowstronginteractionwithcertainfoods.
D.Theycanproduceposturalhypotension.
E.Theydecreaseavailabilityofepinephrineinthesynapticcleft
21.Theantipsychoticdrugs:
A.areequallyeffectiveagainstthepositiveandnegativesymptomsofschizophrenia
B.cancauseblurredvision,urinaryretentionandothersignsofmuscarinicblockade
C.bindselectivelytoD2dopaminergic
receptors.
D.haveantiparkinsonismeffectssimilartolevodopa.
E.havearapidonsetofantipsychoticaction.
22.AllofthefollowingareobservedinpatientstakingneurolepticagentsEXCEPT:
A.sexualdysfunction.
B.bronchialasthma
C.alteredendocrinefunction.
D.constipation.
E.orthostatichypotension
23.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmorphineisINCORRECT?
A.Itisusedtherapeuticallytorelievepaincausedbysevereheadinjury.
B.Itswithdrawalsymptomscanberelievedbymethadone.
C.Itcausesconstipation.
D.Itismosteffectivebyparenteraladministration.
E.Itrapidlyentersmanybodytissues,includingthefetusofapregnantwoman.
24.WhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningphenytoinisINCORRECT?
A.causeslesssedationthanphenobarbital.
B.causesgingivalhyperplasia.
C.maycausemegaloblasticanemia
D.isexcretedunchangedintheurine.
E.Theplasmahalflife
increasesasthedoseisincreased.
25.Whichofthefollowingdrugsiscontraindicatedinthepatientswithepilepsy?
A.Phenobarbital
B.imipramine
C.digoxin
D.chlorpromazine
E.aspirin
26.Theagentwhichiseffectiveforvariousepilepsyis
7
A.diazepam
B.sodiumphenytoin
C.sodiumvalproate
D.Phenobarbital
E.ethosuximide
27.AllofthefollowingproduceasignificantdecreaseinperipheralresistanceEXCEPT:
A.chronicadministrationofdiuretics
B.hydralazine
C.ACEinhibitors
D.βR
blockers
E.calciumchannelblockers
28.Whichofthefollowinghypertensivepatientsismostsuitbleforprimarytherapywith
hydrochlorothiazide?
A.patientswithgout
B.patientswithhyperlipidemia
C.younghypertensivepatientswithrapidrestingheartrate
D.patientswithimpairedrenalfunction
E.elderlypatients
29.Regardingantihypertensivedrugs,whichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONG?
A.Hydrochlorothiazidecanincreaseactivityofrennin
B.Propranololcandecreasesecretionofrennin
C.SodiumnitroprussidelowersBPrapidlybyreleasingNO.
D.Clonidinestimulatesα2receptor
andimidazolinereceptor
E.DiureticsdecreasedBPmainlybyincreasingwaterandsodiumexcretionfromthe
kidneys.
30.Whichofthefollowingdrugsoccursorthostatichypotensionmostfrequentlyinfirstuse:
A.clonidine
B.nifedipine
C.propranolol
D.enalapril
31.Thereasonthatdigoxincanreducetheventricularrateofatrialfibrillationpatientis:
A.decreasingautomaticityofventricles
B.decreasingautomaticityofatria
C.reducingtheconductionofAV
node
D.improvingcardiacischemia
E.shorteningtheeffectiverefractoryperiodofatria
32.Allofthefollowingmeasurescanbeusedinthetreatmentofdigoxininduced
arrhythmia
EXCEPT
A.stoppingdigoxinadministration
8
B.diureticagentssuchasfurosemideareusedtopromotetheexcretionofdigoxin
C.phenytoinadministration
D.atropineadministration
E.lidocaineadministration
33.WhichofthefollowingeffectsofdigoxincanNOTbeseeninfailureheart?
A.slowingsinusrhythm
B.increasingtheoxygenconsumptionofmyocardia
C.increasingthecardiacoutput
D.increasingthecardiaccontractility
E.shorteningatrialERP
34.A70yearold
femaleistreatedwithsublingualnitroglycerinforheroccasionalboutsof
angina.Whichofthefollowingisinvolvedintheactionofnitroglycerin?
A.αadrenergic
activity
B.phosphodiesteraseactivity
C.phosphorylationoflightchainsofmyosin
D.norepinephrinerelease
E.cGMPincreased
35.Thetherapeuticeffectofβadrenergic
receptorblockerssuchaspropranololinangina
pectorisisbelievedtobeprimarilytheresultof
A.reducedproductionofcatecholamines
B.dilationofthecoronaryvasculature
C.decreasedrequirementformyocardialoxygen
D.increasedperipheralresistance
E.increasedsensitivitytocatecholamines
36.A69yearold
malewithanginadevelopssevereconstipationfollowingtreatmentwith
A.nitroglycerin
B.gemfibrozil(吉非贝齐)
D.captopril
E.verapamil
37.Whichofthefollowingdrugshasrelativelyfewelectrophysiologi
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