新课标人教版高中英语必修二教案2B2U3Word格式.docx
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新课标人教版高中英语必修二教案2B2U3Word格式.docx
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Aims
Totalkaboutcomputer
Toreadaboutcomputer
Procedures
I.Warmingup
Warmingupbytalkingaboutcomputer
Lookatthepicturesonpage17.Whatarethey?
Whatdotheyhaveincommon?
Yes,theyarecomputers.Thenwhatisacomputer?
Acomputerisamachinewhichstoresknowledgeinitsmemoryanddoescalculationsonthatknowledge.Thisknowledgeisstoredinsymbols;
itiscalleddata.Acomputerusuallyhasamonitortoshowresults.However,somecomputerscanspeak;
thesecomputerscanbeusedforvoicemail.
计算机室
Acomputerfrequentlyrequiresabootdevice.Thebootdevicecontainsthecomputer’soperatingsystemanddata.Computerprogramscanbeinstalledontoacomputer.SomepeoplethinkthatcomputersarelessusefuliftheydonothaveaccesstotheInternet.TheythinkthisbecausetheInternetallowsthecomputerstosendandreceivedataandemailacrosstheworld.
曙光3000巨型计算机
Acomputerisnowalmostalwaysanelectronicdevice.Itusuallycontainsmaterialswhicharetoxic;
thesematerialswillbecometoxicwastewhendisposedof.Whenanewcomputerispurchasedinsomeplaces,lawsrequirethatthecostofitswastemanagementmustalsobepaidfor.Thisiscalledproductstewardship.
Insomecountriesoldcomputersarerecycled(melteddown)togetgoldandothermetals.Thisisdangerous,becausethisprocedurereleasesthetoxicwasteintothewaterandsoil.
Computersbecomeobsoletequickly.Veryoftentheyaregivenawayandnewonesreplacethemwithintwoorthreeyears.Thismakestheproblemworse.Computerrecyclingisthuscommon.Manyprojectstrytosendworkingcomputerstodevelopingnationssotheycanbere-usedandwillnotbecomewasteasquickly.
Computerjargon计算机行话
Computerjargonmeanswordstodowithcomputersandsurroundingtopics.Knowingwhatthesewordsmeancanhelpyouknowmoreaboutcomputers.Somepeopleusethesewordstoimpressotherpeople(Alsoknownasbuzzwords).
Examplesofjargon:
Bit-Thesmallestdataunit,caneitherbea“0.”ora“1.”.
Byte-unitofdata.SeealsoKilobyte,Megabyte,GigabyteandNibble
CPU–CentralProcessingUnit,Anothernameforprocessor
Data-Informationstoredonacomputer
Disk-Aplacetostoredata.
Email-Electronicmail.
GHz-Gigahertz.Usedoftenincorrectlytodescribethespeedofaprocessor.Butwithsome2.4GHzprocessorsfasterthan3.6GHzones,itisclearthatitisjustasalesmantrick.
Load-Getdatafromadisk
Nibble-HalfaByte
Save-Putdataonadisk
RAM–random-accessmemory(随机存取存储器),themorethebetter.
USB-UniversalSerialBus(通用串行总线,一种简化了插接多种附件的薄型插座)
WWW-WorldWideWeb,partoftheInternet
II.Pre-reading
1.QuestioningandansweringWhatdoyouknowaboutcomputer?
●Electronicmachinecapableofperformingcalculationsandothermanipulationsofvarioustypesofdata,underthecontrolofastoredsetofinstructions.Themachineitselfisthehardware;
theinstructionsaretheprogramorsoftware.Dependinguponsize,computersarecalledmainframes,minicomputers,andmicrocomputers.Microcomputersincludedesk-topandportablepersonalcomputers.
●Amulti-functionelectronicdevicethatcanexecuteinstructionstoperformatask.
●Adevicethatacceptsinformation,processesit,andsuppliesanoutput.Acomputerusuallycontainsmemory,acontrolunit,arithmeticandlogicalunits,andameansforinputandoutput.
●aprogrammablehardwarecomponentthatiscontrolledbyinternallystoredprogramsandthatcanperformsubstantialcomputations(includingarithmeticandlogicoperations)withouthumanintervention.Acomputertypicallyconsistsofoneormoreprocessingunits,memoryunits,andassociatedperipheralinputandoutputdevices.
●Relatedtoautomationandelectronicdataprocessing.TheLibraryofCongresscommonlyclassesmostcomputer-relatedbooksinHF5548,QA75-76,Z52,T385,andsomeTKranges.
●amachineforperformingcalculationsautomatically
calculator:
anexpertatcalculation(oratoperatingcalculatingmachines)
●Acomputerisadeviceormachineformakingcalculationsorcontrollingoperationsthatareexpressibleinnumericalorlogicalterms.Computersareconstructedfromcomponentsthatperformsimplewell-definedfunctions.Thecomplexinteractionsofthesecomponentsendowcomputerswiththeabilitytoprocessinformation.Ifcorrectlyconfigured(usuallyby,programming)acomputercanbemadetorepresentsomeaspectofaproblemorpartofasystem.Ifacomputerconfiguredinthiswayisgive
2.DiscussingandsharingHowhavecomputerschangedourlives?
Somedaysoon,ifyouhaven’talready,you’relikelytoplugintothecomputernetworknationgrowinginourmidst.Computerterminals,orsmallcomputersconnectedviamodem(amodulator/demodulatorcircuitforencoding/decodingcomputerchatter)toordinarytelephonelines,shouldbeasubiquitousasthetelephoneitself.They’reamuchmoreusefulandhumanetoolthanthephone,andwithcorporateAmericabehindthemthenetworkswillbeeverywhere----changingourlivesmorethananytechnologysincetheautomobile.
Joiningacomputernetworkisthesameasjoiningacommunity.Smallsystemsarelikevillages,wherenewmembersareformallywelcomed.Thelargernetworks,theSourceandCompuServe,forexample,arecities-anonymous,fulloflifeandevents,butdifficulttofitinto.
III.Reading
1.ListeningandreadingtotherecordingofthetextWHOAMI?
Turntopage18andlistenandreadtotherecordingofthetext.Payattentiontothepauses,pronunciationandintonationofthenativereader.
2.Readingaloudandunderliningexpressions
Nowwearetoreadthetextonceagainandunderlinealltheexpressionsinthetext.Putthemdownintoyournotebookafterclassashomework.
CollocationsfromWHOAMI?
beginas…,acalculatingmachine,bebuiltas…,followinstructionsfrom…,soundsimple,atthetime,atechnologicalrevolution,writeabook,make…work,solveproblems,becomehuge,hadartificialintelligence,gobackto…,thesizeof…,goby,changesize,becomesmallandthin,getquick,standtherebyoneself,beconnectedby…,shareinformationby…,talkto…,bring…into…,dealwith…,communicatewith…,servethehumanrace
3.Reading,identifyingandsettling
Attention,please!
Itistimetoskimthetextonemoretimeandidentifythedifficultsentences.Tryanalyzingthestructuresofthedifficultsentencesanddiscussthemamongyourgroupmembers.Youmayalsoputyourquestionstomeforhelp.
Chat(online)(在线)聊天
Tochatistotalkaboutordinarythingsthatarenotveryimportant.Youcanchattoonepersonortomanypeople.PeoplealsousethiswordnowforpartsoftheInternetwherewecantalkwithmanydifferentpeopleatthesametime.Usually,youchatontheinternetinachatroomormessagingservicelikeAOL(AmericanOn-Line)InstantMessenger(AIM),YahooMessenger,orMSNMessenger.
4.Readingandtransferring
Scanthetextforinformationtocompletethetablebelow,describingthedevelopmentofcomputer.
In1642
In1822
In1936
In1960s
In1970s
IV.Closingdownbydoingcomprehendingexercises
Turntopage18andinpairsdothecomprehendingexercisesNo.1and2.
Period2:
AsamplelessonplanforLearningaboutLanguage
(ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice)
TolearntouseThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice
Todiscoverusefulwordsandexpression
Todiscoverusefulstructures
Procedures
I.Warmingupbyreadingtothetape
Tobeginwith,turntopage18,listeningtoandreadingtotherecordingofthetextWHOAMI?
Attentiongoestothepausesandintonation,aswellasthepronunciationofthereader.
II.Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions
Inpairsdotheexercises1,2and3onpages19and20.Youmustfinishthemin10minutes.
III.Learningaboutgrammar
1.PassiveVoice—Overview
TenseorModel
PassiveSentence
SimplePresent
TheTOEFLexamisgiveneverysixmonths.
Simplepast
TheTOEFLexamwasgivenlastmonth.
SimpleFuture
TheTOEFLexamthisyearwillbegivenonOctober15.
PresentContinuous
TheTOEFLexamisbeinggiveneveryyear.
Presentperfect
TheTOEFLexamhasbeengiveneveryyearsince1950.
Pastperfect
TheTOEFLexamhadbeengivenbeforetheVietnamWaroccurred.
SimpleModal
TheTOEFLexamshouldbegiventoeveryForeignstudent.
PastModal
TheTOEFLexamshouldhavebeengiventoalltoenterUScolleges.
2.ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice
ThestructureofThePresentPerfectPassiveVoiceis:
have/has+been+~ed
IV.Readingaloudanddiscovering
Nowgobacktopage18toreadaloudanddiscoverinthetextexamplesofThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice.
Astheyearshavegoneby,Ihavebeenmadesmallerandsmaller.
Sincethen,myfamilyandIhavebeenusedbybillionsofpeopletodealwithinformationwitheachotheraroundtheworldbytheInternet.
V.Discoveringusefulstructure
Weshalldogrammarexercises1,2and3onpage20.
VI.Closingdownbydoingaquiz
Correctthemistakesinthesepassivevoicesentences
Example:
Thehousewasbuildin1880.(correct=Thehousewasbuiltin1880.)
1.3000employeeswerelayingoff.
2.Astorywillmadeup.
3.Anideawasputtedforwardfordiscussion.
4.Hasthebookbeengivebacktoyouyet?
5.Mybankloanwillbepayedoffinfiveyearstime.
6.Nothingcanbeholdagainstme.
7.Ourallieswillbelendsupport.
8.Shehasneverheardof.
9.Shewasbeingknockeddownbyabus.
10.Shewaslettedoffwithafine.
11.Thecandlewasb
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