牛津译林版必修3 牛津译林版必修3unit 3 Part 4 Project文档格式.docx
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牛津译林版必修3 牛津译林版必修3unit 3 Part 4 Project文档格式.docx
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荣耀,光荣→gloriousadj.荣耀的,光荣的
10.awareadj.意识到的,知道的;
察觉到的→awarenessn.认识,意识→unawareadj.未意识到的;
未察觉到的
11.corruptvt.使腐化,使堕落adj.贪污的,腐败的→corruptionn.腐朽,腐败;
贪污,受贿
12.trialn.审讯,审理;
试验;
考验→tryvt.审讯,审判;
试验,尝试;
努力,试图
13.judgen.法官,审判员;
裁判员→judg(e)mentn.审判;
裁判;
判断力
14.poisonn.毒药,毒物vt.毒害,下毒→poisonousadj.有毒的,有害的
Ⅱ.核心短语
1.no__doubt 无疑,确实
2.rise__up__against起义,反抗
3.stand__in__one’s__path阻碍(某人)
4.ahead__of在……前面,提前
5.come__down__with患(病)
6.think__of...as认为……是,把……看作是
7.asidefrom除……以外
8.haveenoughof受够了……,对……感到厌烦
9.searchfor寻找,搜寻
10.asaresultof由于;
作为……的结果
11.beawareof意识到,了解
Ⅲ.经典句式
1.When__askedhowastatuefromdistantGreececouldhaveappearedinChina...
当被问及来自遥远希腊的塑像怎么会出现在中国时……
2.In334BC,hetookhisarmy,nowwith42,000men,intotheMiddleEastandthenEgypt,defeating__every__army__that__stood__in__his__path.
公元前334年,他率领当时已达四万两千人的军队进入中东,接着是埃及,兵锋所至,所向披靡。
3.Many__students__got__embarrassedandevenangrywhenthishappened,whileotherschangedtheiropinions.
当这种情况发生时,许多学生觉得很尴尬甚至气愤,而另外一些学生则改变了他们的观点。
1.联想记单词
①那位领袖又一次(re-)把大众(public)聚集起来组建了“共和国”(republic)→republicn.共和国;
共和政体
②一把梳子(comb)被“炸弹”(bomb)炸飞了→bombvt.轰炸n.炸弹
③他们很快(fast)就到达了那片“辽阔的”(vast)草原→vastadj.辽阔的;
巨大的;
2.形容词后缀:
-en,-(c)al
woodn.木材,木料→woodenadj.木制的
historyn.发展史,历史学→historicaladj.历史的,与历史研究相关的
原文呈现
AncientGreekstatuefoundinXinjiang
Researchersannounced①thediscovery②ofasmallstatue③innorthernXinjiang,China,recently.ThemetalstatueisofaGreeksoldier.Whenaskedhowastatuefromdistant④GreececouldhaveappearedinChina,researchersexplainedthatnodoubt⑤thiswasaresultofAlexandertheGreat’sinfluence.
AlexandertheGreat(356-323BC)wasthesonofaGreekkingwhodefeated⑥manyGreekcitiesinbattle.Attheageoftwenty,Alexanderhimselfbecamekingafterhisfatherdied.However⑦,manycitiesroseupagainst⑧Alexander,soheledanarmytotake⑨themback⑩.Thoughhisarmyhadonly3,000troops⑪,hewoneverybattleandmanyenemysoldiersjoinedhim.
In334BC,hetookhisarmy,nowwith42,000men,intotheMiddleEastandthenEgypt,defeatingeveryarmythatstoodinhispath⑫.Thenheturnedhiseyeseast,andmarched⑬allthewaytoIndia,findingvictorywhereverhewent.Itseemedthatnothingcouldstophimfromtaking⑭controlof⑮theentireworld.However,hisownarmygrewtiredof⑯endlessbattlesandrefusedtogoanyfurther,sohehadtoturnback.Bytheageofthirty,hehadalreadyoccupied⑰morelandthananyonebefore,anditseemedthatmoreglory⑱waswaitingahead⑲ofhim.Yet,in323BC,hecamedownwith⑳afeveranddied.Sincehehadnoson,hisgeneralsdividedhisvast
kingdomamong
themselves.
AlexandertheGreatspreadtheGreekculturefromEuropetoAfricaandAsia,influencingtheworldforcenturiestocome.ThestatueoftheGreeksoldierfoundinnorthernXinjiangprobablycametoChinainthe4thcenturyBCasaresultof
trade.LikemanyotherancientobjectsthatshowaGreekinfluence,itcannowbeseeninamuseuminUrumqi.
阅读清障
①announcev.宣布,宣告
②discoveryn.发现 discover发现
③statue/'
stæ
tʃuː/n.雕塑,雕像
※Whenasked...是时间状语从句Whentheywereasked...的省略形式;
howastatuefromdistantGreececouldhaveappearedinChina是asked的宾语从句。
④distantadj.遥远的
※that引导的从句是explained的宾语从句。
⑤nodoubt无疑,确实
Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……
※who引导定语从句,修饰king。
⑥defeatvt.击败,战胜
※king“国王”,独一无二的职位作宾语补足语、表语、同位语时,其前不加冠词;
afterhisfatherdied是时间状语从句。
⑦however在此处为副词,表示转折,注意其在句中的位置和其前后的标点符号。
⑧riseupagainst起义,反抗
⑨leadsbtodosth带领某人做某事
⑩takeback取回,夺回
※though引导让步状语从句。
⑪troop/truːp/n.士兵;
军队,部队
※defeatingeveryarmy...作伴随状语;
其中that引导定语从句,修饰army。
⑫standinone’spath阻碍(某人)
⑬march/mɑːtʃ/vi.&
※findingvictorywherever...作伴随状语,wherever引导地点状语从句。
※Itseemedthat...“似乎……”,是固定句型,that引导主语从句。
⑭stop...(from)doing...阻止……做……
prevent/keep...fromdoing...阻止……做……
⑮takecontrolof控制 ⑯growtiredof对……变得厌烦
⑰occupyvt.占领,占据
⑱glory/'
ɡlɔːrI/n.辉煌;
荣耀,光荣
⑲ahead/ə'
hed/adv.(时间、空间)在前面;
领先 aheadof在……前面;
先于
⑳comedownwith患(病)
※Sincehehadnoson是原因状语从句。
vast/vɑːst/adj.辽阔的;
divide...among...在……中分配……
※influencingtheworld...作伴随状语,tocome是不定式作后置定语。
asaresultof作为……的结果;
由于
※that引导定语从句,修饰ancientobjects。
ThefatherofWesternphilosophy①
Theword‘philosophy’means‘loveofwisdom’.Philosophycanbethoughtofas②awayoflooking③attheworldaroundus,orofansweringthegreatquestionsoflife,suchas④‘Whyarewehere?
’and‘Whatistruth?
’
ThefatherofWesternphilosophywasSocrates(469-399BC).SocrateswasfromAthens,inGreece.Whenhewasyoung,hewasabravesoldier.Later,hebecameateacher,buthetaughtforfree⑤andearnedhissalary⑥from⑦beingacommonworker.Asidefrom⑧this,weknowverylittleabouthim.Sinceheneverwroteabook,wealsoknowverylittleabouthisphilosophy.Yet,Socrateshashadadeepinfluenceon⑨Westernthoughtandscience.
Tounderstandhowthiscanbetrue,wemustunderstandhowSocratestaught.Socratestaughtbyaskingquestions.Throughthis,hechallengedhisstudentstodevelopandexplaintheirownarguments.Inmanycases⑩,hisquestionsmadehisstudentsaware⑪oftheirownerrors.Manystudentsgotembarrassed⑫andevenangrywhenthishappened,while⑬otherschangedtheiropinions.Socrates’wayofapproaching⑭thetruthisnowcalledtheSocraticMethod.Theideaofaskingquestionsuntilyoureachtherightansweristhebasis⑮ofmodernphilosophyandscience.
Unfortunately⑯forhim,Socratesquestioned⑰toomuch.Healwaysaskedchallenging⑱questionstoeveryonehemet,upsettingmanypeopleinAthens.Finally,somepeoplehadhadenoughof⑲him,sotheytookhimtocourt⑳for
questioningtheexistenceoftheGreekgods
andforcorrupting
theyoungpeopleofAthens.Athistrial
,hedefended
himselfbyaskinghisjudges
yetmorequestions.Thisjustmadeabadsituationworse.Finallyhewasputtodeath
bybeingforcedtodrink
poison
.Throughhisdeath,Socratesbecametheheroofallpeoplewhosearchfor
thetruth.
①philosophy/fə'
lɒsəfI/n.哲学
②thinkof...as...认为……是……,把……看作……
take/have/treat/regard/consider...as...把……看作……
③awayofdoing...=awaytodo...做……的一种方式
④suchas用于列举。
⑤forfree免费地
⑥salary/'
sæ
lərI/n.薪金,薪水
⑦earn...from...通过……赚得……
⑧asidefrom...除……以外(尚有)
※Sinceheneverwroteabook是原因状语从句。
⑨haveadeepinfluenceon...对……有深远的影响
※动词不定式作目的状语,两个how都引导宾语从句。
⑩inmanycases在很多情况下
innocase在任何情况下都不,决不
⑪aware/ə'
weə(r)/adj.意识到的,知道的;
察觉到的
beawareof意识到
⑫gotembarrassed“感到尴尬”,为“get+adj.”结构。
⑬while意为“然而,而”,表转折。
⑭approachv.靠近,接近
⑮basis/'
beIsIs/n.基础;
⑯unfortunatelyadv.“不幸地”,在句中作插入语。
⑰question在此作动词,意为“提问,质问”。
⑱challengingadj.具有挑战性的
※hemet是定语从句,修饰everyone,省略了定语从句的引导词who(m);
upsettingmanypeopleinAthens作结果状语。
⑲haveenoughof受够了
⑳court/kɔːt/n.法院;
法庭;
takesbtocourtfor(doing)sth因(某人做了)某事而将其告上法庭
god/ɡɒd/n.神,神灵
corrupt/kə'
rʌpt/vt.使腐化,使堕落 adj.贪污的
trial/'
traIəl/n.审讯,审理;
考验
defendvt.为……辩护
judge/dʒʌdʒ/n.法官,审判员;
裁判员
※madeabadsituationworse是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,此处宾语补足语由形容词worse充当。
put...todeath判……死刑
beforcedtodosth被迫做某事
poison/'
pɔIzn/n.毒药;
毒物 vt.毒害,下毒
※whosearchforthetruth是定语从句,修饰people。
searchfor寻求,寻找
Ⅰ.Readthetextandchoosethebestanswer.
1.WhywasastatueofaGreeksoldierdiscoveredinnorthernXinjiang?
A.TheGreeksoldierdiedinnorthernXinjiang.
B.ThestatuewasstolentoXinjiang.
C.ItmaybetradedtoXinjianginanancienttime.
D.ItwasmadeinXinjiang.
2.Whydidn’tAlexandertheGreattakecontrolofthewholeworld?
A.Hisarmywasdefeatedmostofthetime.
B.Hehimselfgottiredofendlessbattles.
C.Hisarmygottiredofendlessbattles.
D.Hebecameillanddied.
3.HowlongdidAlexandertheGreatinfluencetheworld?
A.Hisinfluenceendedafterhisdeath.
B.Heinfluencedtheworldforcenturiesafterwards.
C.Heinfluencedtheworldwhenhelived.
D.Hedidn’thaveanyinfluenceontheworldatall.
4.HowdidSocratesmakealiving?
A.Bybeingacommonworker.
B.Bybeingateacher.
C.Bybeingascholar.
D.Bybeingasoldier.
5.WhatdidpeoplethinkofSocrate’steachingwaybyaskingquestions?
A.Allthepeoplelikedhisteachingway.
B.Onlyhisstudentslikedhisteachingway.
C.Somepeopledidn’tlikehisteachingway.
D.Youngpeoplelikedhisteachingway.
答案 1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C
Ⅱ.Fillineachblankwithonlyonewordaccordingtothetext.
AlexandertheGreat
Early1.experiences
•BeingthesonofaGreekkingwho2.defeatedmanyGreekcitiesinbattle.
•Becomingayoungkingafterhisfatherdied.
Victoriesanddeath
•TakinghisarmyintotheMiddleEastandthenEgyptanddefeatingeveryarmy3.standinginhispath.
•TurninghiseyeseastandmarchingallthewaytoIndia.
•Occupyingmorelandthananyonebeforeatthirty.
•4.Sufferingfromafever;
diedat33.
Influenceontheworld
SpreadingtheGreekculturefromEuropetoAfricaandAsia,whichhasagreat5.influence/effectontheworldforcenturiestocome.
Socrates
Brief6.introduction
•ComingfromAthens,Greece.
•Becomingateacherandteachingforfree.
•Earninghissalaryfrombeingacommonworker.
SocraticMethod
•Challenginghisstudentstodevelopandexplaintheirownarguments,whichmadehisstudents7.realizetheirownerrors.
•Formingthe8.basisofmodernphilosophyandscience.
9.ReasonsforSocrates’death
•Askingeveryonehemetchallengingquestions,whichresultedinmanypeoplebeingunableto10.bearhim.
•QuestioningtheexistenceoftheGreekgodsandcorruptingtheyoungpeopleofAthens.
•Defendinghimselfbyaskinghisjudgesmorequestions,leadingtobeingputtodeath.
1.marchvi.
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