SMU研究生航海英语期末考试复习材料解析Word格式.docx
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SMU研究生航海英语期末考试复习材料解析Word格式.docx
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7.Shipbroker:
Shipbrokersarespecialistintermediaries/negotiatorsbetweenshipownersandcharterswhouseshipstotransportcargo,orbetweenbuyersandsellersofships.Shipbrokerisathirdpartyandmiddleman.
8.Mate’sreceipt:
Amate’sreceiptisareceiptissuedbyacarrierintheacknowledgmentofthegoodsreceivedonboard(exportcargo)thatissubsequentlyexchangedforabilloflanding.
9.Certificateoforigin:
Thisdocumentservesasaproofofthecountryoforiginofgoodsfortheimporterinhiscountryanddeclaresthedetailsofgoodstobeshippedandthecountrywherethesegoodsaregrown,manufacturedorproduced.
10.shippinginstruction
Shipper’scommunicationstoitsagentand/ordirectlytotheinternationalwater-carrier.Instructionsmaybevaried,e.g,specificdetails/clausestobeprintedontheB/L,directionsforcargopickupanddelivery.
11.ROROship:
aROROshipreferredtoasroll-on/roll-offship.Theseshipscarrytrucks,trailers,andconstructionequipmentmuchlikeamultilevelferryboat,especiallyeffectivewhenportsdon’thavecranes.
RORO:
ashorteningoftheterm“Rollon/Rolloff”.Amethodofoceancargoserviceusingavesselrampswhichallowswheeledvehiclestobeloadedanddischargedwithoutcranes.AlsoreferstoanyspecializedvesseldesignedtocarryRO/ROcargo.
12.Conference:
Ashippingconferenceisagroupofshippinglinesoperatingonanyparticularrouteunderagreementtoprovideascheduledservicewithacommontariffandafixeditineraryofportsofcall.
13.Containerfreightstation:
CFSisaplacewherecontainersarestuffed,de-stuffedandaggregation/segregationofexport/importcargotakeplace.
14.theinlandcontainerdepot:
ICDisacommonuserfacilitywithPublicAuthoritystatus.Itisequippedwithfixedinstallationsandofferingservicesforhandlingandtemporarystorageofimport/exportladenandemptycontainersandotheragenciescompetenttocleargoodsforhomeuse,warehousing.
15.CY(containeryard):
Amaterials-handling/storagefacilityusedforcompletelyunitizedloadsincontainersand/oremptycontainers.
16.Liners:
apassengerorcargovesselthatoperatesoveraregularrouteaccordingtoanadvertisedtime-table.
17.Tramps:
trampservicehasnofixeditineraryorscheduleandisoperatedonanyrouteaccordingtosupplyanddemand.
Trampline:
anoceancarriercompanyoperatingvesselsnotonregularrunsorschedules.Theycallatanyportwherecargomaybeavailable.
2.问答题:
1.班轮运输(linertransport)的特点:
fixedroute,ports,scheduleandrelativelyfixedfreight;
loadingandunloadingchargesincludedinfreight;
simpleproceduresandidealforcargoofsmallquantity
2.多式联运的优点(BenefitsofMulti-ModalTransport):
MultimodalTransportisgenerallyconsideredasthemostefficientwayofhandlinganinternationaldoortodoortransportoperation.
MultimodalTransportallowstocombineinonevoyagethespecificadvantagesofeachmode,suchastheflexibilityofroadhaulage,thelargercapacityofrailwaysandthelowercostsofwatertransportinthebestpossiblefashion.
MultimodalTransportalsoofferstheshipperthepossibilitytorelyonasinglecounterpart,themultimodaltransportoperator(MTO)whoisthearchitectoftheentirejourneyandonlyresponsiblepartyfrompickuptodelivery,ratherthanhavingtodealwitheachandeverymodalspecialistofthetransportchain.
Inaword:
Highefficiency;
Goodquality;
Costandtimesaving;
Economyandsimplicityofdocumentation
3.集装箱种类(TypesofContainer):
Generalpurposecontainers通用集装箱Refrigeratedcontainers冷藏集装箱Bulkcontainers散货集装箱
Opentopcontainers敞顶集装箱ventilatedcontainers通风集装箱insulatedContainer隔热集装箱
4.集装箱装箱注意事项(Stuffingofcargointhecontainer)
•Differenttypesofpackagesshouldbepackedseparately.
•Containershouldbelinedwithpaperorfoilincaseofspeciallysensitivegoods.
•Packingintheboxesshouldbecarefullychecked.
•Exportershouldnotpacktogether:
–Wetgoodswithdrygoods
–Goodswithsharpedgesorcornerswithgoodsinsoftpackaging
–Dustygoodswithdustsensitivegoods
–Placingheavypacketsonlightpackets
–Odouremittinggoodswithodoursensitivegoods
5.集装箱检查(PrecautionsforPackingtheContainers)(4点)
Thecontainershouldbethoroughlycheckedtoensurethat:
•Therearenoholesorcracksinwallsorroofs.
•Thedoorscanbeeasilyoperated.
•Lockingdoorsandhandlesfunctionproperly.
•Therearenolabelspastedofthepreviouscargo.
•Containeriswaterproof.
•Containerisabsolutelydryfrominside.
•Containeriscleanandfreeofdust.
•Containerisodourless.
6.信用证类型:
Sightpaymentcredits即期付款信用证Deferredpaymentcredits延期付款信用证
Banker’sacceptancecredit承兑信用证Negotiablecredits议付信用证
revolvingcredits循环信用证transferablecredits可转让信用证
7.提单种类:
ShippedB/L已装船提单StraightB/L记名提单
CleanB/L清洁提单DirtyB/L不清洁提单
DirectB/L直达提单ThroughB/L联运提单
8.提单的作用(function)
Areceiptforgoodsshipped货物装船的依据Adocumentoftitletothegoods货物所有权凭证
Evidenceofthetermsofthecontractofaffreightment货物运输合同条款证明
9.船舶类型
Drycargovessel:
GeneralCargoVessel杂货船;
Bulker散货船;
ContainerShip集装箱船
Liquidcargovessel:
Tanker油轮,液货船;
liquidchemicalcarrier
Miscellaneousvessel:
Ferryboat轮渡;
Pilotship引航船;
bargetramp
10.租船类型
Voyagechartering航次租船
voyagecharteringmeansthattheshipownerpromisestocarryonboardaspecificshipaparticularcargoforasinglevoyagefromoneormoreloadingportstooneormoredischargingports.
Timechartering定期租船
Timecharteringmeansthattheshipownerprovidesadesignatedmannedshiptothecharter,andthecharteremploystheshipforaspecificperiodagainstpaymentofhire.
Bareboatchartering光船租船
Bareboatcharteringordinarilymeansthatthevesselisputatdisposalofthecharterforalongperiodofemploymentwithoutanycrew.
11.租船合同格式(举例)
Voyagecharting---GENCONform
Timecharting---NYPE(NewYorkProduceExchange),
BALTIME(BalticandInternationalMaritimeConferenceUniform)
Bareboatcharting---BARECONform
12.装卸条款
freein(FI)船东不负责装货
freeout(FO)船东不负责卸货
freeinandout(FIO)船东不负责装卸
freein,out,stowage(FIOS)船东不负责装卸和积载
freein,out,stowageandtrimming(FIOST)船东不负责装卸、积载和平舱
Liner船东负责装卸(亦称班轮条款)
linerinfreeout(LIFO)船东负责装货不负责卸货
freeinlinerout(FILO)船东负责卸货不负责装货
13.航次租船的类型
•SingleVoyageChartering
•ReturnVoyageChartering
•ConsecutiveSingleVoyageChartering
•ConsecutiveReturnVoyageChartering
3.缩略词写全称。
ICCinternationalchamberofcommerce
CFRcostandfreight(...namedportofdestination)
CIFcost,insurance,andfreight(...namedportofdestination)
CPTcarriagepaidto(...namedplaceofdestination)
CIPcarriageandinsurancepaidto(...Namedplaceofdestination)
FOBfreeonboard(...namedportofshipment)
FCAfreecarrier(...namedplace)
EXWexworks(...namedplace)
FASfreealongsideship(...namedportofshipment)
DAFdeliveredatfrontier(...namedportofdelivery)
DESdeliveredexship
4.翻译短句
Unit3
1.Lateramendmentandadditionsweremadetoittobringtherulesinlinewithcurrentinternationaltradepractices.
此后又对此做了修改和补充,以便使这些规则适应当前国际贸易实践的发展。
2.Eachtermspecifieswhetherthebuyerorthesellerisresponsibleforarrangingsuchnecessitiesasexportlicense,customsclearance,inspections,andotherobligations.Theyspecifyatwhichpointtheriskoflossand/ordamagepassesfromsellertobuyeraswellaswhichpartypaysforspecificactivities.Abuyerandasellerwhoconductedtheirpurchaseandsaleunderoneoftheincoterms,therefore,willhaveanunderstandingoftheirrights,costs,andobligations.
每一个术语都明确规定由谁来办理出口许可证,出口清关,商品检验及其他义务。
同时还明确了灭失及或损坏的风险在哪一点由卖方转移到买方,以及哪方需要承担的相应的费用。
这样,卖方和买方如果采用2000年国际贸易术语解释通则中的一个术语做贸易的话,就会清楚双方各自的权利,需支付的费用以及各自的义务。
3.Thesellermustpaythecostsandfreightnecessarytobringthegoodstothenamedportofdestination.However,theriskoflossordamagetothegoods,aswellasanyadditionalcostsduetoeventsoccurringafterthetimeofdelivery,aretransferredfromthesellertothebuyer.
卖房必须支付货物运至目的港所需的运费和费用,但交货后货物灭失或损坏的风险,以及由于各种事件造成的任何额外费用,即由卖方转移到买方。
4.However,theselleralsohastoprocureinsuranceagainstthebuyer’sriskoflossordamagetothegoodsduringthecarriage.
但是,卖方还必须办理买方货物在运输途中灭失或损坏风险的海运保险。
5.“Freecarrier”meansthatthesellerdeli
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