文字版广东省届高考模拟考试一模英语试题及答案Word文档格式.docx

文字版广东省届高考模拟考试一模英语试题及答案Word文档格式.docx

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第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；

每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

SEASummerHighSchoolPrograms2022

ScienceatSEA

ScienceatSEAisafour-weekprogramforrisinghighschooljuniorsandseniors.aswellasrecenthighschoolgraduates,whichfocusesonthecoastalandoffshoremarineenvironmentaroundCapeCod,Massachusetts.TheprogramincludesashorecomponentontheSEAcampusinWoodsHoleandaseacomponentaboardtheSailingSchoolVessel（SSV）CorwithCramer.

July21-August13Expense:

$4,000

SEAQuest

SEAQuestisatwo-weekprogramthatwelcomeshighschoolstudentsandrecentgraduates.Participantswillgainhands-onexperienceconductingfieldresearch,sailingatallship,andunderstandingofthecomplexitiesofcreatingandmanagingmarinereserves.Theyreturnhomewithabroadersenseoftheocean'

simportancetoourplanetandtheneedtopreservethispreciousresourceforfuturegenerations.Lifehereisfast-paced.Nopriorsailingexperienceisnecessary.Strongdesiretolearnisrequired!

July11-July22Expense:

$3,200

SEACape

Thisthree-weeksummerprogramatSEAofferscurrenthighschoolstudentstheopportunitytostudythemarineenvironmentfromavarietyofperspectives:

scientific,historical,andliterary.ParticipantsliveandstudyatourcampusinWoodsHole,Massachusetts.

June27-July14Expense:

$3,800

SEAExpedition

Thistwo-weeksummerprogramforhighschoolstudents,includinggraduatingseniors,iscenteredonlearningbydoing.SEAExpeditionisamultidisciplinaryexperiencethatwelcomesstudentstoparticipateineveryaspectofachallengingoffshoresailingandoceanographicexpedition,andoccursentirelyaboardtheSSVCorwithCramer.Lifeatseaisfast-pacedandtough.

July5-July17Expense:

$3,500

21.Whichprogramlaststhelongest?

A.ScienceatSEA.B.SEAQuest.C.SEACape.D.SEAExpedition.

22.WhatisnecessaryforparticipantsinSEAQuest?

A.Previousexperienceinsailing.

B.Greateagernesstostudythesea.

C.Abilitytoconductscientificexperiments.

D.Knowledgeofsearesourcespreservation.

23.WhatisspecialaboutSEAExpedition?

A.Itoffersopportunitiesofsailing.

B.Itentirelytakesplaceonaship.

C.Itfeaturesmanyrelaxingactivities.

D.Itallowsgraduatestoparticipatein.

B

Desperatetohelphis96-year-oldmothertospeakhermothertongueagain,KeithMcDermottmadeanappealonsocialmediaandwasmetwithafloodofkindresponses.Theoldlady,Ray,wasmovedtotearsaftertalkingonthephonewithoneoftheenthusiasticrespondentsinWelsh.

RaymovedtoAmericaaftermeetingherhusbandwhenshewasonly18,hencewavinggoodbyetoherlifeinWales.ShecontinuedtospeakWelshwithher-mum-keepingalittlebitofhome.Butshelostherbelovedmumfourdecadesagoandhadn'

tspokenWelshsince.

Despitesufferingfromshort-termmemorylossandsometimesnotrememberingwhatshehasdonerecently,Ray'

schildhoodmemoriesinWalesremaincrystalclear.“ShewantstoreturnbutIknow,givenherage,suchlong-distancetravelisoutofthequestion.”saidKeith,“Onceshementioned‘IwishIcouldspeakWelshagainbutIsupposeIneverwill.'

ItwasthenthatIthoughtIshouldmakeherwishhappen.”

SoKeith,70,postedonsocialmediaintheNewYorkWelshareaaskingforanyWelshspeakersthatcouldspeakWelshwithhismum.Andhewastouched,aswellasalittleshocked,toreceiveover30responseswithinhalfanhour.KeiththankedeveryoneandeventuallyaskedMelisatogivehismumaphonecall.“SpeakingwithMelisa,her（Ray'

s）Welshwasalittlerusty.AfewmoreWelshconversationsandIthinkshe'

dbefluentagain,”addedKeith.

“Whenyouhaveaparentintheirnineties,youwillfindyoutwohavesomethingincommon;

you'

rebothold,soIamverysympathetictomymother'

sfeelingsofloneliness.andisolation（孤立）.I'

mfeelingitmyself.”KeithhopestosetupmoreWelshphoneconversationsforhismumandMelisahaspromisedtosendRaysomeshortstoriesinWelshtoremindherofherlifeinWales.

24.WhydidKeithpostamessageonsocialmedia?

A.TogatherAmericanWelshspeakers.

B.TohelphismumspeakWelshagain.

C.Toslowdownhismum'

smemoryloss.

D.Totrackdownhisfamily'

sWelshorigin.

25.HowdidKeithfeelafterseeingtheresponses?

A.Surprisedandmoved.B.Concernedandthankful.

C.Sympatheticandexcited.D.Astonishedandisolated.

26.Whatisconveyedinthestory?

A.Socialmediacontributetocloserfamilyties.

B.Mothertonguemeansmorethanalanguage.

C.Childhoodexperiencesshapeone'

slaterlife.

D.Onewillbemoresensitivewhengettingolder.

27.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Acommunitynoticeboard.B.Ahealthmagazine.

C.Alanguage-learningwebsite.D.Alocalnewspaper.

C

Throughouthistory,manyspeciesofanimalshavebeenthreatenedwithextinction.WhenEuropeansfirstarrivedinNorthAmerica，morethan60millionbuffalo（水牛）livedonthecontinent.Yethuntingthebuffalowassopopularduringthe19thcenturythatby1900theanimal'

spopulationhadfallentoabout400beforethegovernmentsteppedintoprotectthespecies.Insomecountriestoday,theelephantfacesasimilarchallenge,asillegalhunterskilltheanimalsfortheivoryintheirtusks.

Yetnotallanimalswithcommercialvaluefacethisthreat（威胁）.Thecow，forexample,isavaluablesourceoffood,butnooneworriesthatthecowwillsoonbeextinct.Whydoesthecommercialvalueofivorythreatentheelephant,whilethecommercialvalueofbeefprotectsthecow?

Thereasonisthatelephantsareacommonresource,whilecowsareprivategoods.

Elephantswanderfreelywithoutanyowners.Thehunterhasastrongmotivationtokillasmanyelephantsashecanfind.Becauseillegalhuntersarenumerous,eachhasonlyaslightmotivationtopreservetheelephantpopulation.Bycontrast,cattleliveonfarmsthatareprivatelyowned.Eachfarmermakesgreatefforttomaintainthecattlepopulationonhisfarmbecauseheharveststhebenefitoftheseefforts.

Governmentshavetriedtosolvetheelephant'

sproblemintwoways.Somecountries,suchasKenyaandUganda,havemadeitillegaltokillelephantsandselltheirivory.Yettheselawshavebeenhardtoputintoeffect,andelephantpopulationshavecontinuedtodwindle.Bycontrast,othercountries,suchasMalawiandNamibia,havemadeelephantsprivategoodsandallowedpeopletokillelephants,butonlythoseontheirownproperty.

Withprivateownershipandtheprofitmotivenowonitsside,theAfricanelephantmightsomedaybeassafefromextinctionasthecow.TheancientGreekphilosopher

Aristotlepointedouttheproblemwithcommonresources:

“Whatiscommontomanyistakenleastcareof,forallmenhavegreaterregardforwhatistheirownthanforwhattheypossessincommonwithothers.”

28.Whydoestheauthormentionbuffaloinparagraph1?

A.Tointroduceasimilarthreattoelephants.

B.Toprovideanexampleofspeciesextinction.

C.Toofferanexplanationforgovernmentpolicies.

D.TopresentthestatisticsofthebuffaloinAmerica.

29.Whydoelephantsfacethreatswhilecowsaresafe?

A.Theyareunderdifferentlawprotection.

B.Theyattractdifferentgroupsofhunters.

C.Theycontaindifferentcommercialvalue.

D.Theyrepresentdifferentownershiptypes.

30.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Bansonkillingelephantsforivory.

B.Effectivelawsforelephantprotection.

C.Methodsofmakingelephantsprivategoods.

D.Governmentpoliciesontheelephant'

sproblem.

31.WhatcanwelearnfromAristotle'

swords?

A.Peopleholdlittleregardforothers'

property.

B.Peoplewanttoprofitfromcommonresources.

C.Peoplecaremoreabouttheirownpossession.

D.Peopletendtotakewhattheyownforgranted.

D

Ifsomeonecreatedaflyingmachinecapableoftrackingyoudownbylisteningforyourvoice,youmightbeterrified.Butwhatifyouweretrappedinruinsafteranaturaldisasterandfirstresponderscouldn'

tlocateyou?

Maybethenahuman-seekingdrone（无人机）wouldn'

tbesuchaterribleidea.Thatconceptisthefocusforengineersat

Germany'

sFraunhoferFKIEInstitute,who'

vebuiltadronetofindpeoplebydetecting（探测）humanscreams.

“Thehuman-seekingdronewouldbeidealforpost-disastersituations,suchasearthquakes,hurricanesandwildfires,”saidMacarenaVarela,oneoftheleadengineers.“Theycouldhoveroveranareathatrescuecrewshavedifficultygettingtoandlocateexactlywherepeoplemaybetrapped.”

Locatingpeoplebysoundpresentsitsshareofchallenges.Anauditory（听觉的）systemwouldneedtodistinguishhumancriesfromsoundsthatoftenhappeninnature,suchasanimalcallsandwind.Itmightalsoneedtorecognizepatternsassociatedwithkicking,clappingorotherwayspeopletrytogettheattentionofrescueteams.

Engineerstookthosesituationsintoaccountwhenbuildingouttheirconceptdrone.Theyrecordedthemselvesscreaming,tappingandcreatingothernoisesthatmightbeasignofpeopleintrouble.Then,theyanalyzedeachsoundfrequencytofindcommonsignaturesandusedthosetotrainartificialintelligencesoftware.Theyalsoworkedtoremovethenoisecreatedbythedroneandotherenvironmentalsounds.

Oncethesoftwarepartwascomplete,theteamplacedtinydigitalmicrophonesunderthedroneandusedsignalprocessingtechniquesthatenabledthemto