高考总复习代词讲解Word下载.docx
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高考总复习代词讲解Word下载.docx
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his
himself
she
her
hers
herself
it
its
itself
第一人称复数
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二人称复数
yourselves
第三人称复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
一.人称代词
分清主格和宾格形式,主格主要用作主语,宾格主要宾语和表语。
Iboughtapresentforhim.—Whoisit?
—It'
sme.
二.物主代词:
名词性物主代词――在句中做主语、宾语、表语、补足语,构成双重所有格:
afriendofmine。
形容词性物主代词――只能起定语作用。
通常:
形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词
例如:
Thisisn’tmyshirt;
mineisoverthere.
注意:
分清主格宾格,主语用主格,宾格主要宾语和表语
形容词物主代词时候+名词Thepandaisitstop(attract).
形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词Isithiscoat?
No,itismine.
练习:
1.Shall________(we)gotothezoobybusorbybike?
2.Bobloves_______(he)motherverymuch.
3.Whoboughtitfor______(she)?
4.Jimisaverygoodboy.Wealllike______(he).
5.________(we)newmodelplanecanflyveryhigh.
6.Ihavealovelycat,______(it)nameisCarl.
7.Thisis_______(he)bike.
8.Shedoesn’tlike_______(she)newdressatall.
9.Isthisredcoatyours?
No,_________isyellow.
10.
•物主代词构成的短语
•loseone’swaydoone'
sbest
•earnone’slivingkeepone'
sword
•holdone’sbreathsaveone'
slife
•makeupone’smindinone'
sopinion
三.反身代词:
反身代词通常作宾语、表语和同位语。
a.作宾语:
Weenjoyedourselvesverymuchlastnight.
Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.
b.作表语;
be,系动词feel,look,seem之后
Iamnotmyselftoday.
Thepoorgirlinthepictureismyself
c.作同位语
Thethingitselfisnotimportant.
Imyselfcandoitwell.
•*.反身代词习惯用语。
•teachoneself自学enjoyoneself玩得高兴;
seatoneself请坐
•dressoneself自己穿上衣服;
helpyourselfto自取,随便吃一点……;
•talktooneself自言自语;
calloneslef自称
•makeoneselfunderstood使自己让别人理解;
四.相互代词:
有eachother和oneanother两组。
eachother用于两个人或是物之间,译为“互相,彼此”;
oneanother用于三个或是三个以上的人或物之间。
Youtwoshouldhelpeachotherwiththeirstudy.
Werespectoneanother.Weoftenpointouteachother’smistakes.
五.指示代词:
this,that,these,those,thesame(同样的),such(这样的),so(这样).
1.this(these)近指;
this(these)一般指后面要讲到的事物(将要发生)
e.g.Thisisanovelandthatisamagazine.
Thisgiftisforyouandthatoneisforyourbrother.
IlikethesesbooksbutIdon’tlikethose(books).
Whathetoldmeisthis:
hewantedtogotoBeijing.
2.而that(those)远指,而that(those)常指刚提到或是已经完成的事情。
e.g.
Hedidn'
tcome.Thatiswhyhedidn'
tknow.
That’sall,thankyou!
3.such指前面所述提到的这样的人或事物,
so代替一个句子或者短语所表达的事情,
thesame指刚刚提到的同一个人或事物
Ihaveneverseensuchafunnyfilm
AsfarasIknow,thereisnosuchcarinthisplace.
Itisgoingtoraintonight.Ihopeso./Ihopenot.
Iamthesameageasyou.
Happynewyear!
Thesametoyou.
3.one,ones,theone,theones,that,those,it
One
a/an+单数名词
Ones
复数名词
Theone
The+单数名词
Theones
The+复数名词
That
The+单数名词/不可数名词(尤其是有后置定语)
those
The+复数名词(尤其是有后置定语)
It
指代前面提到同一个事物
Mypenislost.Imustlookforit.
Mypenislost.Imustbuyone.
Ipreferredrosestowhiteones.
Theboyinthisclassareclevererthattheones/thoseinthatclass.
ThepopulationofChinaisbiggerthanthatofIndia.(that=thepopulation)
Thecellphoneswemadenowadaysarebetterthanthose/theonesmade2yearsago.
1.Ihavelostmyumbrella;
I'
mlookingfor______.
2.Ihavelostmyumbrella;
IthinkImustbuy______.
3.Theumbrellayouboughtischeaperthan_____Ibought.
4.Thewaterinthecupishotterthan______inthepot.
5.Therewereafewyoungpeopleandsomeolder________inthehouse.
6.Mary'
shandwritingisfarbetterthan______ofPeter.
8.Ifound______hardtogetonwithher.
9.Hehassavedmylife.I'
llneverforget_____.
10.Don’ttakethenotebookaway.Mywifeisusing.
11.I’mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthaninthecity.
12.We’vebeenlookingathousesbuthaven’tfoundwelikeyet.
13.Manywillfailtofindjobsorlosethetheyhave.
总结:
that可以指代可数单数或特指不可数名词,相当于“the+单数可数名词/不可数名词”;
those只能代替可数名词复数(=thoseones或theones);
one用来代替前面出现的单数可数名词(泛指),相当于“a/an+单数名词”;
it指前面所指的同一物
ones用来代替前面出现的可数名词复数(泛指);
theone用来代替前面出现的可数名词单数(特指),有时可用that来代替;
theones用来代替前面可数名词复数,有时可以用those来代替(特指);
—Whydon'
twetakealittlebreak?
—Didn'
twejusthave__________?
A.it
B.that
C.one
D.this
TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_________willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.
A.they
B.it
D.which
六.不定代词:
不明确指代某个(些)人或事物的代词。
1、both,either,neither都表两者范围,在句中作主语、宾语、定语,both可用作同位语。
both意为"
两者都"
,either表"
两者中任一个"
,neither表"
两者都不"
。
【2017全国卷】改错:
Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.
2、any,none,all表三者或三者以上范围,any表任何一个、一些(不可数或复数概念,用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中);
none表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不;
表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有;
all整个的;
所有的(三者或三者以上);
所有的(不可数)。
E.g.Thisbookisagoodseller,soyoucanbuyitatanyshopinBeijing.
Noneofusare/isperfect.
Allofthevillagewasflooded.
some用于肯定句或由情态动词引导的某种请求或是意愿的疑问句。
Thereissomewaterhere.Wouldyouliketodrinksomemilk?
1.Toreachanagreement,sidesmustmakeconcession.
2.Ifyourunaftertwohares,youwillcatch.
3.Youcanwriteonside.
4.Hewantstoinviteofhisfriendstohisbirthdayparty.
5.Therearemanydoors.Agoldenkeycanopendoor.
6.ofuscouldlivewithoutair.
7.Therearetressonsides.
8.Mr.andMrs.Liareteachers.
9.Youcansitatendoftheboatifyoucankeepstill.
10.Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasesonthesurvey,butcontainedanyusefulsuggestions.
11.LarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim,butofthemwantsto,becausetheyhavealotofworktodo.
12.Alltheboyareclever,butofthemcanworkouttheproblem.
13.Ihavemyjackets,youcantake.
14.______ofthetwinsareinourclass.
15.Wecouldn’tbuyanythingbecause_______oftheshopsopenedatthattime.
16.Wewereallverytired,but_______ofuswouldliketohavearest.
归纳总结:
都
都不
任一
两者
_______
_______
_____
多者
_____
部分否定:
Allbotheveryoneeverybodyeverything以及every+名词都表示全部肯定;
Noone,none,nobody,nothing以及no+名词表示全部否定
当not出现在含有表示全部肯定的不定代词的句子中,不管not位置在哪里都表示部分否定
Notallofthemsmoke.
Theyarenotbothteachers.
Alltheboysdon’tlikeEnglish.
Suchathingcan’tbefoundeverywhere.
3、noone,nobody,none,nothing:
noone,nobody表没有人,nothing指没有什么事物,none兼指人和物。
None着眼于数量概念。
”特指的人或物一个也没有,一点儿也没有”。
—Howmanypeoplearethereinthehall?
/Isthereanywaterinit?
—None.
—Whowantstogowithhim?
—Noone(Nobody).
—Whatcanyouseeinthebottle?
—Nothing.
4、another,theother,theothers,other,others
another表三者或三者以上范畴中的任一;
与数词连用,表”再有”,another+基数词+名词(s)=基数词+名词(s)+more;
theother表两者中的另外那个,特指;
theother+复数名词(或theothers),另外那些,表示其余所有的人或物,用于特指;
others(或other+复数名词)另一些,表余下人或物中的另一些,泛指。
—Idon’tlikethis,showmeanotherone.
Thereisanotherwayofdealingwiththeproblem.
Whereshallwebeinanothertenyears?
—Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroomyou’llhavetopay_______$15.
A.another
B.other
C.more
D.Each
*Iwillstayhereforanotherthreedays.
3moredays.
3otherdays.
Ihavetwobooks.OneisaboutEnglish,theotherisaboutFrench.
Hehastwosons,oneisadoctor,theotherisafarmer.
Therearemanybooksonthetable.SomeareEnglish,theothersareFrench.
Hisideaswereoftendifferentfromothers.
Somepraisehim,whileotherscondemnhim.
搭配:
1.one…another
Tolearnisonething,toteachisanother.
Tosayisonething,todoisanother.
2.some...others...有些……有些……;
Someliketea,otherslikemilk.
Somesayyes,whileotherssayno.
3.one...theother...一个……(特指两者中的)另一个……
Ihavetwobooks,oneisEnglish,theotherisFrench.
4.Ontheonehand,ontheotherhand,一方面,另一方面
Ontheonehand,Iamyourteacher,ontheotherhand,Iamyoufriend.
1.Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisaworker,_______isateacher.
2.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning;
somelikeswimming;
_______likeballgames.
3.Wewereallverytired,but_______ofuswouldliketohavearest.
4.______ofthetwinsareinourclass.
5.Boys,don’ttouchthemachines,oryoumayhurt_______.
6.Wecouldn’tbuyanythingbecause_______oftheshopsopenedatthattime.
5、every,each
Each指两者或以上的每一个,可作主语、定语或同位语,可跟of,
every指三者及以上的每一个,只可作定语,且后只能接可数名词单数
EachofushasanEnglishbook.EachstudenthasanEnglishbook.
WeeachhaveanEnglishbook.EverystudenthasanEnglishbook.
6、few,afew,little,alittle,many,much
Ihavemanybooks/muchmoney.
Therearefew/afewapplesonthedesk.
Thereislittle/alittlewaterinthebottle.
1.(很多)peopledon’thave(很多)food.
2.(很多)mistakesarecausedbycarelessness.
3.(很少)peoplecanlivetobe100yearsold.
4.Youhavedonevery(很少)forme.
5.Thereistimeleft,Hurryup.
6.Thereistimeleft.Pleasedon’thurry.
7.Comeinandhave(一点)whisky.
8.ShehaswrittenmanybooksbutIhaveonlyread(少数).
7、anyone=anybody,anyoneeveryone=everybody,everyonesomeone=somebody,someone合写一般指人,分写则人、物均可表示,另外合写后不接of,分写则可接of。
Weeveryoneshouldstudyhard.Everyoneofusshouldstudyhard.
【注意】anyone,anybody表示任何人,anything表示任何事或物,强调个体;
everyone表示每个人,everything表示每件事或物,强调全部。
8.It用法
1.Itissonoisyhere.这儿吵死了。
2.Whattimeisitbyyourcellphone?
3.ItseldomsnowsinGuangzhou.
4.It’saboutonekilometerfromheretothepark.
5.Thisismynewpen.Iboughtityesterday.
6.—Whoseexercise-bookisthat?
—It’shers.
7.Whatabeautifulbaby!
Isitaboy?
8.—Whoisthemanoverthere?
—Itm
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