现代大学英语听力2Unit 3Word文件下载.docx
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现代大学英语听力2Unit 3Word文件下载.docx
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1)Three-quarters
2)psychologists,doctors
3)nervousness,anger,frequentillness,forgetfulness,mentalproblems
【原文】
StressonthejobcostsAmericancompaniesasmuchas$150billionayearinlowerproductivity,unnecessaryemployeesickleave,andhighermedicalcosts.Three-quartersoftheofficeworkerstodaysaytheysufferfromstressatwork.Recently,psychologistsanddoctorshavebeguntostudytheproblemmoreclosely.Theyhavediscoveredthatthemoststressfulprofessionsarethosethatinvolvedanger,extremepressureandthosethatcarryalotofresponsibilitywithoutmuchcontrol.
Thesignofstressrangefromnervousness,anger,andfrequentillnesstoforgetfulnessorevenmentalproblems.Thebestwaytodealwithstressisthroughrelaxation,butsometimestheonlyansweristofightbackorwalkaway.
Task2
A.
1)
giveinsoeasilytohijackers’demands
a)threatentoblowupaplane,commitsomeotheroutage
b)holdoutagainstthiskindofblackmail,alwayshaveterrorists,Startexecutingterroristsautomatically
c)
bepreparedtofacetheconsequencesofevil
2)
a)It’sthelesseroftwoevils.Terroristshaveprovenoftenenoughthattheyreallymeanbusiness.
b)
Innocentlives,threateningtheinnocentwillachieveitsends.
B.
Sheimpliesthatifthefirstspeakerwasoneofthevictimsofterrorism,shewouldwantthegovernmenttogiveintothedemandssothatshewouldn’tdie.
Margaret:
Governmentsgiveinsoeasilytohijackers’demands.Ahijackeronlyhastothreatentoblowupaplaneorcommitsomeotheroutrage,andagovernmentgivesintohisdemands.
Valerie:
Naturally.It’sthelesserofthetwoevils.Whatgovernmentwouldriskinnocentlivesjusttoseeifterroristswillreallydowhattheythreatentodo?
Terroristshaveprovenoftenenoughthattheyreallymeanbusiness.
Yes,butifagovernmentdoesn’tholdoutagainstthiskindofblackmail,wewillalwayshaveterrorists.Governmentsareafraidtopunishthesepeople.Theyalmostalwaysletthemgofree.Startexecutingterroristsautomaticallywherevertheyland,andterrorismwillstop.
Andwhatabouttheinnocentlivesthatwillbelostintheprocess?
Terrorismisbasedonthesimpleideathatthreateningtheinnocentwillachieveitsends.
Youcan’tgetridofevilwithoutbeingpreparedtofacetheconsequencesofevil.
Solongasyou’renotoneofthevictims!
Task3
A.
1)thirty-five,naturallight,asmallwindow,hot,airless,verynoisy
2)Mexico
3)oughtto,shouldn’t
1)Itislocatedinanarrowstreetwithfive-andsix-storeybuildingseightkilometersfromdowntownLosAngeles.
2)Thisfactorymakesshirtsandjeans
3)She’salreadybeenworkingfortenhours,butwon’tstopforanothertwohours.
4)Shecan’tcomplainaboutthosethingsbecausesheisanillegalimmigrant.
EightkilometersfromdowntownLosAngelesthereisanarrowstreetwithfive-andsix-storeybuildings.Insideoneofthesebuildingsthereisasmallfactorymakingshirtsandjeans.Thewomenworkinginthefactorysitclosetogether,eachwithasmalltable,eachwiththeirownsewingmachine.Thewomensaynothing,andworkhard.Inoneoftheroomstherearethirty-fivewomen.Thereisonlyalittlenaturallight,andthiscomesfromasmallwindowintheroof.Theroomishot,airless,andverynoisy.Ontheleft-handsideoftheroomthereisayounggirlsittingnexttothewall.Everynowandagainshecloseshereyes,andherfingersstopworking.She'
salreadybeeninherchairfortenhours,butshe'
llbehereuntilthebellrings—andthatwon'
tbeforanothertwohours.HernameisMaria,andshecomesfromMexico.Shewon'
tcomplainaboutherwork.Shewon'
tsaythattheworkinghoursoughttobechanged;
shewon'
tsaythattheworkingconditionsshouldn'
tbepermitted.
Task4
EveryyeartheBritishgovernmentpublishesstatisticsaboutsocialtrends.TheirfindingsshowdefinitepatternsintheBritishwayoflife.
markeddifferences
a)
onehourmoreeveryday,threehoursmoreeveryweek
1percent,cleaningandironing,keephouseholdaccounts,dorepairsorimprovements
30percent
2)
leisureactivities,watchingtelevision,20hoursaweek,goingforwalks,Swimming,Britishwomen
Unliketheothercouples,CarlahasalwayskeptherwonaccountsandAdrianhasalwaysdonehisownhousework.Neitherofthemlikewatchingtelevisionverymuchandtheybothlikeswimming.
WhenAdrianHuttonandCarlaLeonegetmarriedtheywillmoveintoanewhousethattheyhavebought.Butwhatsortoflifewilltheyhave?
WhatcantheyexpectinmodernBritain?
EveryyeartheBritishgovernmentpublishesstatisticsaboutsocialtrends.TheirfindingsshowdefinitepatternsintheBritishwayoflife.
Inmostmarriagestherearesomemarkeddifferencesbetweenhusbandsandwives.Workingwives,forexample,sleep(onaverage)onehourmoreadaythanworkinghusbands.Housewives,ontheotherhand,sleeponlyaboutthreehoursmoreeveryweekthantheirworkinghusbands.Andwhatabouthousework?
Thegovernmentsurveyshowedthatonly1%ofmendothehouseholdchores—likecleaningandironing.Buttheydousuallykeephouseholdaccountsanditisalwaysmenwhodorepairsorimprovementsinthehouse.30%ofallmarriagesendindivorce.
Thegovernmentsurveyalsolookedatleisureactivities.TheyfoundthatthetwomostpopularleisureactivitiesinBritainarewatchingtelevision(theaveragefamilyspends20hoursaweekinfrontoftheTVset)andgoingforwalks.SwimmingisanespeciallypopularactivityamongBritishwomen.
CarlaandAdrian'
slife,though,willprobablybedifferentfromtheaveragemarriage.InthefirstplaceCarlahasalwayskeptherownaccountsandAdrianhasalwaysdonehisownhousework.Neitherofthemlikewatchingtelevisionverymuchandtheybothlikeswimming.
5
Topic:
HowacityinJapansolvetheproblemofgarbagedisposal.
Supportingdetails:
160million,everyyear,10percent,10percent,therest,publiccooperation
1)garbagethatcanbeeasilyburned,kitchenandgardentrash
2)electricalappliances,plastictools,plastictoys
3)arepoisonous,causepollution,batteries
4)bottlesandglasscontainersthatcanberecycled
5)metalcontainersthatcanberecycled
6)furnitureandbicycled
ondifferentdays,onrequest,fertilizer,toproduceelectricity,recycled,cleaned,repaired,resoldcheaply,giveaway
1)Thegarbagewillbetakentoacenterthatlookslikeacleannewofficebuildingorhospital.Insidethecenter,specialequipmentisusedtosortandprocessthegarbage.
2)OfficialfromcitiesaroundtheworldvisitMachidatoseewhethertheycanusesomeoftheseideasandtechniquestosolvetheirowngarbagedisposalproblems.
Disposingofthegarbageweproduceeverydayisamajorproblemincitiesaroundtheworld.IntheUnitedStates,over160milliontonsofgarbageareproduceeveryyear.Tenpercentisrecycled,tenpercentisburned,andtherestisputinlandfills.Butfindinglandfornewlandfillsisbecomingmoredifficult.
AcitythathassolvedthisprobleminanunusualwayisMachida,inTokyo,Japan.Theyhavedevelopedatotallynewapproachtogarbagedisposal.Thekeytotheoperationispubliccooperation.Familiesmustdividetheirgarbageintosixcategories:
1.garbagethatcanbeeasilyburned(thatis,combustiblegarbage)suchaskitchenandgardentrash?
;
2.noncombustiblegarbage,suchassmallelectricalappliances,plastictools,andplastictoys?
3.productsthatarepoisonousorthatcausepollution,suchasbatteriesandfluorescentlights?
4.bottlesandglasscontainersthatcanberecycled?
5.metalcontainersthatcanberecycled?
6.largeitems,suchasfurnitureandbicycles.
Theitemsincategories1to5arecollectedondifferentdays.Largeitemsareonlycollecteduponrequest.Thenthegarbageistakentoacenterthatlookslikeacleannewofficebuildingorhospital.Insidethecenter,specialequipmentisusedtosortandprocessthegarbage.Almosteverythingcanbereused:
gardenorkitchentrashbecomesfertilizer;
combustiblegarbageisburnedtoproduceelectrical;
metalcontainersandbottlesarerecycled;
andoldfurniture,clothing,andotherusefulitemsarecleaned,repaired,andresoldcheaplyorgivenaway.Theworkprovidesemploymentforhandicappedpersonandgivesthemachancetolearnnewskills.
Nowadays,officialsfromcitiesaroundtheworldvisitMachidatoseewhethertheycanusesomeoftheseideasandtechniquestosolvetheirowngarbagedisposalproblems.
6
1)TheyweretalkingaboutMrs.Carter.
2)Shewasatall,handsomewomanwhousedtocomeintotheshopatleasttwiceaweek.
3)Shelivedaloneinalargehouseonanoldfarm---aboutthreemilesfromtheshop.
4)Hewasabsolutelycertain,otherwisehewouldnevercallthepolice.Hisevidencewasthis:
First,hesawherdoit;
second,hefoundthethingsinherbag;
third,shehaddoneitbefore.
5)Becausetwoyoungpeoplesawher.Theshopkeeperbelievedthatiftheydidn’tpunishher,youngpeoplewouldthinkthatstealingdidn’tmatter.
6)Thejudgethoughtthatitwasdiffi
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