新概念英语精品课堂4Word文件下载.docx

新概念英语精品课堂4Word文件下载.docx

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想到thinkofsth.

梦到dreamofsth.

[$i$]OfTruth[$/i$]《论真理》

4.thathappened5000yearsagointheNearEast

一般情况下，地点状语在前，时间状语在后。

e.g.Isawhimatapartyyesterday.

在状语复杂情况下，打乱其正常顺序，复杂状语放最后，避免头重脚轻。

定冠词“the”

TheMiddleEast

TheFarEast

TheOrient东方国家

TheOccident西方国家

oriental东方的

occidental西方的

orient:

verb使面向、使朝向

market-orientedeconomy市场经济

TheEnglishcourse---NewConceptEnglishbook4isorientedtowardsadvancedEnglishlearners.

5.Wherepeoplefirstlearntowrite

形式上是定语从句在句子中未必充当的是定语成分。

e.g.Ihavetobecarefulnottooffendthemanagerwhocouldgivemethesackatanytime.

我必须得特别当心，不要去冒犯我的经理，因为他随时可以把我解雇。

learn:

强调结果，表示学会了

study：

强调过程，表示去学习，去研究

6.thereare

thereseem/appeartobe似乎有……

thereusedtobe以前曾经有……

therehappentobe碰巧……

thereis/aregoingtobe即将有……

therebe+事物/东西做主语，无灵主语（impersonalsubject），书面语中多用。

e.g.在东方国家，有越来越多的人对英语感兴趣。

TherearemoreandmorepeopleintheOrientwhoareinterestedinEnglish.

ThereisgrowinginterestinEnglishintheOrient.

e.g.人们普遍同意，妇女应该享有和男人完全的平等。

Thereisgeneralagreementthatwomenshouldenjoyfullequalitywithmen.

7.part部分，本文表示地点

WhichpartofChinadoyoucomefrom?

...parts/areas/regionsoftheworld

...placesintheworld

part表示部分，用于单数名词时，前面不加a

e.g.ThereisonlyoneChina,TaiwanispartofChina.

Perfecthappinessismyth,miseryispartoflife.

8.cannotwrite

illiterate不会读写的，文盲的

...evennowpeoplearestillilliterate.

literate识字的

numerate识数的

innumerate不识数的

与某人/物/地区隔离开

becutofffrom...

beoutoftouchwith...

beisolatedfrom...

beseparatedfrom...

Theseregionsarecutofffrom/outoftouchwith/isolatedfrom/separatedfromthecivilizedworld.

e.g.

TherearesomepartsofChinawhereevennowpeoplecannotsatisfytheirhunger.

9.preserve保护，保存，强调使……处于良好的状态

preservehistoricalrecords

preservefood/one'

seyesight

与“preserve”容易混淆的几个动词

conserve保护，保存，强调保存一定的数量

conservenaturalresources

conservewildlife

maintain维护或保养

maintainthecar

maintainthehouse

maintaintheroad

reserve保留或储备，强调以备将来之用

reserveone'

senergy

allrightsreserved

Ireservetherighttodisagree.

reserveatablefor2

Theoldbuildingisinagoodstateof___exceptforthewoodenfloors.（CET6）

A）observationB）preservation

C）conservationD）compensation

10.Torecountit

句型：

做某事的唯一方式就是去做某事。

Theonlywaytodosth.istodosth...

Theonlywaythat...istodosth...

Theonlywaytoendourrelationshipistoenditforgood.

Theonlywaythatwecanendourrelationshipistoenditforgood.

Themosteffectivewaytostemviolenceistonegotiate.

Themosteffectivewaythatwecanstemviolenceistonegotiate.

11.handdown

hand/passsth.down从长辈传给晚辈

Theringwashandeddowntoherfromhergrandmother.

Therecipewashandeddownfromanancestorofthefamily.

hand-me-downs别人穿过的旧衣服

Ihadtowearmybrother'

shand-me-downs.

fortune-teller算命的人

tellone'

sfortune

teller银行的出纳员

ATM:

automated/automatictellermachine

12.writedown记录下来，写下来

同义：

notedown

Record

13.remoteancestors远祖

远亲adistantrelative

近亲aclose/nearrelative

14.people（pl.peoples）民族

TheChineseareanindustriouspeople/nation.

与“people”用法一样的词（本身就是复数名词，不用做单数）：

cattle,police

governmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople民有、民治、民享的政府

Sparethatspider

1.Spareadj.多余的，备用的

sparetime业余时间

sparetyre备用轮胎

v.1.饶恕，

Sparemylife!

饶命!

=havemercy

2.省下来不用

Sparetherodandspoilthechild.

不打不成器。

Thegovernmentwillsparenoexpensetostemthebirdflufromspreading.

政府将会不惜一切代价去遏制禽流感的蔓延。

Chinawillsparenoefforttorealizepeacefulreunification.

中国将不遗余力地来实现和平统一大业。

2.“should”在疑问句中多表表示意外的，难以理解的语气，“怎么会”。

WhyshouldconservativesvoteforBush?

Youmaywonderwhyshouldspidersbeourfriends.

改变语序，youmaywonder变作插入语，突出句子重点

e.g.我们很多人都相信，经济的发展对中国来说是至关重要的。

Economicdevelopment,manyofusbelieve,isofparamountimportancetoChina.

3.设问句（rhetoricalquestion），提高读者兴趣

Why,youmaywonder,shouldsomeofusbecomeexpertsinbuildingandmaintainingpersonalrelationships?

4.destroy杀死

各种“死”

使动植物大量的死去：

killoff

Pollutionintheseahaskilledoffalotofmarinelife.

slay杀死（某人）

残忍的大量杀人：

slaughter

massacre

Thearmyslaughtered/massacredhundredsofunarmedcivilians.

NanjingMassacre

使死光，灭绝：

wipeput/exterminate

Whatwipedout/exterminateddinosaursfromtheearth?

terminate使结束，使终结

e.g.Illegalcontractsmustbeterminated.

5.用and分句，而不用定语从句，是为了强调分句的重要性。

Inlonelinesshelived,andinlonelinesshedied.

6.include包含，包括

includingprep.

inclusiveadj.

exclude排斥，排除在外

excludingprep.

exclusive排斥的，排外的

AnexclusiveGolfclub.会员制的高尔夫俱乐部。

7.humanrace人类

man（不可数）,humanbeing（可数）（通俗）

mankind,humankind（文言）

humanity强调人道，人权

acrimeagainsthumanity

Homosapiens人类（表示现代人，人种）

8.与现在事实相反：

If+S.+did/were...,S.+would/should/could/might+do...

makeitimpossibleforsb.todo使某人做某事成为不可能

makeitpossibleforsb.todo=enablesb.todo使某人做某事成为可能

enablesb.todo使某人能够做……

disablesb.使某人残疾

thedisabled残疾人

thehandicapped

各种委婉说法

thephysicallychallenged残疾人

thementallychallenged智障的，弱智的人

theverticallychallenged呆小症患者

thehorizontallychallenged肥胖人

render使某人（物）……

e.g.

Hisinjuryrenderedhimunfitforwork.

Solar-powercouldbecomeaviableenergysourcerenderingfossilfuelsobsolete.

9.devour吞食，贪婪的吞吃

Thewholeforestwasdevouredbyfire.

Ericwasdevouredbycuriosity.

Ericwasdevouredbyjealousy/sorrow.

10.flockaflockofsheep/pigeons表动物的群：

羊群或鸟群

herdaherdofcattle/deer/elephants表大型动物的种群

drovea~ofhorses/cattle/sheep表正驱赶途中的种群

packa~ofwolves/tigers/lions表猛兽的群落

pridea~oflions只能表示狮子

swarma~offlies/bees表空中飞的昆虫

colonya~ofants/termites表地上爬的昆虫

school/shoala~offish水里游的

11.Ifitwerenotfor...要是没有……的话

e.g.Ifitwerenotforyoursupport,Iwouldbeinbigtroublenow.

Wereitnotforyoursupport,Iwouldbeinbigtroublenow.

butfor.../exceptfor...

except（that）.../but（that）...

Butfor/Exceptforyoursupport,Iwouldbeinbigtroublenow.

[$u$]D[$/u$]theflood,theshipwouldhavereacheditsdestinationontime.

A）Incaseof

B）Inspiteof

C）Becauseof

D）Butfor

Hemighthavebeenkilled[$u$]A&

B[$/u$]thearrivalofthepolice.

A）exceptfor

B）butfor

C）with

D）for

IwouldbuyaMercedesexcept/but（that）I[$u$]am[$/u$]poor.

12.if

圆周句（掉尾句），突出句末重点

主句放在前面制造悬念，突出句尾

AlthoughTchaikovskyhimselfthoughtofthePatheticSymphonyashiscrowningmasterpiece,thepremiereonOctober28th1893inSt.Petersburgprovedadisappointment.

雄狮型句子

普通句子：

孔雀型句子

ComputerviruseswouldmakeitimpossibleforustosurftheInternetsafely;

theywoulddestroyallthedatainthecomputerandstealourpersonalinformation,ifitwerenotfortheprotectionwegetfromtheanti-virussoftware.

13.insect-eating

复合形容词，相当于定语从句的作用

insect-eatinganimals

animalswhicheatinsects

law-abidingcitizens守法公民

citizenswhoabidebythelaw

hand-madesilverware

silverwarewhichismadebyhands

stress-relateddiseases

diseaseswhicharerelatedtostress

14.owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.欠……

Youoweme$2,000.=Youown$2,000tome.

HowmuchdoIoweyou?

IOU欠条

感激感谢

1.owev.

Ioweyouabigfavor.

2.appreciatev.

appreciative

Iappreciateyourhelp.

Iamappreciativeofyourhelp.

Iappreciateit.

Iamappreciativeofit.

3.bethankful/gratefultosb.forsth.

4.beobliged/indebtedtosb.

5.acknowledge（鸣谢，公开声明感谢某人）

acknowledgesb./sth.

acknowledgement

acknowledgements鸣谢

6.credit

credits鸣谢

oweAtoB把“A”归因于“B”

Iowemysuccesstogoodluck.

oweAtoB

putAdowntoB

attributeAtoB

assignAtoB

ascribeAtoB

creditAtoB

15.飞禽走兽birdsandbeasts/furandfeather

押首韵

借代

fin,furandfeather各种各样的动物

Abaldslippedoutofthehouse.

Hehasbeenmessingaroundwithseveralskirtsofhisclass.

Thecrownshouldnotyieldtothecross.

16.过去分词短语做后置定语，修饰前面的成分

puttogether...=（whichare）puttogether...

17.fraction:

asmallamountofsomething

Hissharesarenowworthafractionoftheirformervalue.

proportion

Onlyasmallproportionofgraduatesfailtofindemployment.

percentage

Ahighpercentageofthepopulationowncars.

AllofusputtogetherearnonlyafractionofthemoneymadebyBillGates.

18.Moreover

besides,furthermore,what'

smore,inaddition,additionally

19.dogoodto

neverdotheleastharmto...

donoharmto...

Ihavenoideawhattodonext.

Idon'

thavethefoggiestideawhattodonext.

Ihavenointerestinboxing.

thavetheslightestinterestinboxing.

Allofusareinfluencedby...

Noonecanavoidbeinginfluencedby...

Allofusadmitthat...

Noneofuscandenythat...

Allofusareattractedby...

Noneofuscanresist...

20.beharmlessto...

beinnocuousto...

friendly

environment-friendly环保的

ozone-friendly对臭氧层无害的

21.如果as引导的非限制性定语从句，它位于否定意义的主句之前，那么as修饰的是整个主句，包括否定的内容；

As所引导的非限制性定语从句可以且唯一可以放在主句之前的定语从句，如放在主句之前，它包括整个句子内容，甚至包括否定内容。

Ashasbeensaidabove,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.

As引导的非限制性定语从句位于主句之中或之后，它指代的内容一定不包括否定词“not”。

Shedidnotopenthebox,asherfriendsfeared.

Shedidnot,asherfriendsfeared,openthebox.

她并没有像她的朋友担心地那样打开了盒子。

22.nor也不……

Cubacannotbecon