10050425胡莹莹定稿模版Word格式文档下载.docx
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10050425胡莹莹定稿模版Word格式文档下载.docx
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英语(商务方向)
姓名:
XXX
指导教师:
答辩日期:
二〇一四年三月
毕业论文诚信声明
本人郑重声明:
所呈交的毕业论文《〈从奥米勒斯城出走的人〉中当代“乌托邦”的研究》是本人在指导老师的指导下,独立研究、写作的成果。
论文中所引用是他人的无论以何种方式发布的文字、研究成果,均在论文中以明确方式标明。
本声明的法律结果由本人独自承担。
论文作者签名:
指导教师签名:
2014年3月28日
Abstract
TheOnesWhoWalksAwayfromOmelasisashortstorywrittenbyafamoussciencefantasyandfeminismandadolescentliteratureAmericanwriterUrsulaLeGuinin1970s.Thefictionwaspublishedinthe1980s,hasstrikingsignsofthetimes,aremuchlessaffectedbytheconstraintsoffeudalaristocracyculture.
ThisthesisusestheliteraturereviewandDetailedreadingmethods,throughalotofdomesticandinternationalresearch,fromtheaspectssuchascontemporaryutopia,pragmatismmorality,belief,desire,idealsociety,andmoderndilemmatodiscusstheimpliedmeaningofcontemporaryidealsocietyinTheOnesWhoWalksAwayfromOmelas.ReviewingtheassociativeliteratureisconduciveforustocomprehendUrsulaLeGuinandherfictionvaluebetter.
Thisthesisiscomposedoffourchapters:
thefirstchapterisanintroduction,whichintroducesUrsulaLeGuinandTheOnesWhoWalkAwayfromOmelas;
thesecondchapteranalyzesthecontemporarydilemmaofidealsociety;
thethirdchapterthroughthework’ssymbolicsignificanceunfolds“theUtopiaofUrsulaLeGuin”;
thelastchapterisaconclusionaboutthespiritualpursuittheworkcallsfor.
【Keywords】contemporaryutopia;
belief;
lust;
idealsociety;
moderndilemma
摘要
《从奥米勒斯城出走的人》是20世纪70年代美国重要科幻、奇幻与女性主义与青少年儿童文学作家娥苏拉·
勒瑰恩(UrsulaKroeberLeGuin)的短篇小说作品。
该作品出版于二十世纪八十年代,有着醒目的时代印记,较少受到封建贵族文化的束缚。
本文主要采用文献回顾法,通过大量阅读相关材料并进行整理分析,回顾国内外研究,从当代乌托邦、实用主义道德观、信仰、欲望、理想社会与现代困境等方面探讨娥苏拉·
勒瑰恩《从奥米勒斯城出走的人》中当代理想社会的寓意。
对相关文献的回顾有助于我们更好地了解娥苏拉·
勒瑰恩,了解其作品价值。
本文主要由四部分构成:
第一部分为绪论,介绍娥苏拉·
勒瑰恩及其这部作品;
第二部分剖析理想社会的当代困境;
第三部分通过作品的象征意义展现“娥苏拉·
勒瑰恩式乌托邦”;
第四部分为结语,总结论述其所呼吁的精神追求。
【关键词】当代乌托邦;
信仰;
欲望;
理想社会;
现代困境
Contents
AbstractⅠ
摘要Ⅱ
ContentsⅢ
ChapterOneIntroduction1
1.1UrsulaKroeberLeGuinprofile1
1.2AboutTheOnesWhoWalkAwayfromOmelas4
1.3TheStructureoftheThesis5
ChapterTwoTheModernDilemmaThatTheOnesWhoWalkAwayfromOmelasRepresents7
2.1Thecrisisofmoralityandbelief7
2.2Theironyofpragmatismmoralvalues11
ChapterThreeTheUtopiaofUrsulaLeGuin14
3.1ThemeaningofUtopia14
3.2TheUtopiaofUrsulaLeGuin15
ChapterFourConclusion19
References20
Acknowledgements21
ChapterOneIntroduction
1.1UrsulaKroeberLeGuinprofile
UrsulaKroeberLeGuin(bornOctober21,1929)isanAmericanauthorofnovels,children'
sbooks,andshortstories,mainlyinthegenresoffantasyandsciencefiction.Shehasalsowrittenpoetryandessays.Firstpublishedinthe1960s,herworkhasoftendepictedfuturisticorimaginaryalternativeworldsinpolitics,naturalenvironment,gender,religion,sexualityandethnography.
ShewasinfluencedbyfantasywriterslikeJ.R.R.Tolkien,bysciencefictionwriterslikePhilipK.Dick(whowasinhersamehighschoolclass,thoughtheydidn'
tknowoneanother),bycentralfiguresofWesternliteraturelikeLeoTolstoy,VirgilandtheBrontë
sisters,byfeministwriterslikeVirginiaWoolf,bychildrenliteraturelikeAliceinWonderland,TheWindintheWillows,TheJungleBook,byNorsemythology,andbybooksfromtheEasterntraditionsuchastheTaoTeChing.Inturn,sheinfluencedsuchBookerPrizewinnersandotherwriters,asSalmanRushdieandDavidMitchell–andnotablefuturismandfantasywriterslikeNeilGaimanandIainBanks.ShehaswontheHugoAward,NebulaAward,LocusAward,andWorldFantasyAward,eachmorethanonce.
ShewasbornUrsulaKroeber,thedaughterofanthropologistAlfredL.KroeberandwriterTheodoraKroeber.In1901,AlfredKroeberearnedthefirstPh.D.inanthropologyintheUnitedStatesfromColumbiaUniversity.HewentontoestablishthesecondanthropologydepartmentintheUS,attheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.TheodoraKroeberwroteabiographyofherhusband,AlfredKroeber:
APersonalConfiguration.
LeGuinattendedBerkeleyHighSchool.ShereceivedherB.A.(PhiBetaKappa)fromRadcliffeCollegein1951,andM.A.fromColumbiaUniversityin1952.Shebecameinterestedinliteratureatayoungage.Atage11,shesubmittedherfirststorytothemagazineAstoundingScienceFiction.Itwasrejected.Herearliestwritings,someofwhichsheadaptedinOrsinianTalesandMalafrena,werenon-fantasticstoriesofimaginarycountries.Searchingforawaytoexpressherinterests,shereturnedtoherearlyinterestinsciencefiction;
intheearly1960sherworkbegantobepublishedregularly.(OneOrsinianTalewaspublishedintheSummer1961issueofTheWesternHumanitiesReviewandthreeofherstoriesappearedin1962and1963numbersofFantasticStoriesofImagination,amonthlyeditedbyCeleGoldsmith.GoldsmithalsoeditedAmazingStories,whichrantwoofLeGuin'
sstoriesin1964,includingthefirst"
Hainish"
story.)
ShereceivedwiderecognitionforhernovelTheLeftHandofDarkness,whichwontheHugoandNebulaawardsin1970.HersubsequentnovelTheDispossessedmadeherthefirstpersontowinboththeHugoandNebulaAwardsforBestNoveltwiceforthesametwobooks.
Inlateryears,LeGuinworkedinfilmandaudio.ShecontributedtoTheLatheofHeaven,a1979PBSfilmbasedonhernovelofthesamename.In1985,shecollaboratedwithavant-gardecomposerDavidBedfordonthelibrettoofRigel9,aspaceopera.InMay1983,LeGuindeliveredawell-receivedcommencementaddressentitled"
ALeftHandedCommencementAddress"
atMillsCollege,Oakland,California."
isincludedinhernonfictioncollectionDancingattheEdgeoftheWorld.
InDecember2009,LeGuinresignedfromtheAuthorsGuildinprotestoveritsendorsementofGoogle'
sbookdigitizationproject."
Youdecidedtodealwiththedevil"
shewroteinherresignationletter."
Thereareprinciplesinvolved,aboveallthewholeconceptofcopyright;
andtheseyouhaveseenfittoabandontoacorporation,ontheirterms,withoutastruggle."
LeGuinhaswondozensofannual"
year'
sbest"
literaryawards.FornovelsaloneshehaswonfiveLocuses,fourNebulas,twoHugo,andoneWorldFantasyAward.(TheDispossessedwontheLocus,Nebula,andHugo.)Shehasalsowonthosefourawardsinshortfictioncategories,thoughsheturneddownaNebulaforhernoveletteTheDiaryoftheRoseinprotestattheScienceFictionWritersofAmerica'
streatmentofStanislawLem.HernineteenLocusAwards,votedbymagazinesubscribers,aremorethananyotherwriterhasreceived.HerthirdEarthseanovel,TheFarthestShorewonthe1973NationalBookAwardforYoungPeople'
sLiteratureandshehasbeenafinalistfortenMythopoeicAwards,nineinFantasyandoneforScholarship.UnlockingtheAirandOtherStorieswasoneofthreefinalistsforthe1997PulitzerPrizeforFiction.
Recognizingherstatureinthespeculativefictiongenre,LeGuinwastheProfessionalGuestofHonoratthe1975WorldScienceFictionConventioninMelbourne,Australia.ThatyearshewasalsonamedthesixthGandalfGrandMasteroffantasy.TheScienceFictionResearchAssociation(SFRA)gaveheritsPilgrimAwardin1989forher"
lifetimecontributionstoSFandfantasyscholarship"
.Atthe1995WorldFantasyConventionshewontheWorldFantasyAwardforLifeAchievement,ajudgedrecognitionofoutstandingservicetothefantasyfield.TheScienceFictionandFantasyHallofFameinductedherin2001,itssixthclassoftwodeceasedandtwolivingwriters.TheScienceFictionandFantasyWritersofAmericamadeherits20thGrandMasterin2003.
InApril2000theU.S.LibraryofCongressmadeLeGuinaLivingLegendinthe"
WritersandArtists"
categoryforhersignificantcontributionstoAmerica'
sculturalheritage.In2002shewonaPEN/MalamudAwardfor"
excellenceinabodyofshortfiction"
.In2004shereceivedtwoAmericanLibraryAssociationhonorsforherlastingcontributions:
foryoungadultliterature,theannualMargaretA.EdwardsAward;
forchildren'
sliterature,selectiontodelivertheannualMayHillArbuthnotLecture.TheannualEdwardsAwardrecognizesonewriterandaparticularbodyofwork;
the2004panelcitedsixworkspublishedfrom1968to1990:
AWizardofEarthsea,TheTombsofAtuan,TheFarthestShore,andTehanu(thefirstfourEarthseabooks),TheLeftHandofDarknessandTheBeginningPlace.ThepanelsaidthatLeGuin"
hasinspiredfourgenerationsofyoungadultstoreadbeautifullyconstructedlanguage,visitfantasyworldsthatinformthemabouttheirownlives,andthinkabouttheirideasthatareneithereasynorinconsequential."
Atits2009convention,theFreedomfromReligionFoundationawardedtheEmperorHasNoClothesAwardtoLeGuin.TheFFRFdescribestheawardas"
celebrating'
plainspeaking'
ontheshortcomingsofreligionbypublicfigures"
.
Whenaskedaboutherinfluences,shereplied;
"
OnceIlearnedtoread,Ireadeverything.Ireadallthefamousfantasies–AliceinWonderland,andWindintheWillows,andKipling.IadoredKipling'
sJungleBook.AndthenwhenIgotolderIfoundLordDunsany.Heopenedupawholenewworld–theworldofpurefantasy.And...wormOuroboros.Again,purefantasy,veryfattening.AndthenmybrotherandIblunderedintosciencefictionwhenIwas11or12,EarlyAsimov,thingslikethat.Butthatdidn'
thavetoomucheffectonme.Itwasn'
tuntilIcamebacktosciencefictionanddiscoveredSturgeon–butparticularlyCordwainerSmith....Ireadthestory"
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