高考重点辞汇辨析Word文档下载推荐.docx
- 文档编号:16299649
- 上传时间:2022-11-22
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:20
- 大小:27.47KB
高考重点辞汇辨析Word文档下载推荐.docx
《高考重点辞汇辨析Word文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考重点辞汇辨析Word文档下载推荐.docx(20页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
match
搭配合适,性质相符
Thecoloroftheshirtdoesn’tmatchthatofthetie.
fit
fit尺寸、大小、形状合适
Thekeydoesn’tfitthelock.
4.花费:
take,spend,cost,pay
take
Ittakessb.+time+todosth.做某事需要…时间
Ittookme15minutestofinishthisjob.
spend
(s)+time/money+(in)doingsth.
Ispent15minutesdoingthiswork.
cost
sth.cost(s)+sb.+money某物花费了某人…钱
Thisbookcostme8dollars.
pay
paysb.pay(s)+money+forsth.
Ipaid8dollarsforthisbook.
5.参加:
attend,join,joinin,takepartin,enterfor
attend
参加婚礼、会议、上课、听报告等
attendameeting
join
=becomeamemberof加入某个团体或组织
jointhestudents’union
joinin
参加某项活动
joininthediscussiontakepartin
takepartin
参加群众性活动,强调在该项活动中发挥了一定作用
takepartinsocialactivities
enterfor
报名参加某项比赛或考试
enterfortherace
6.损坏:
damage/destroy/ruin
damage
价值、用途降低或外表损坏
Myhousewasdamagedintheheavyrain.
destroy
彻底毁坏,很难修复
Thebigfiredestroyedthelittletown.
ruin
逐渐毁掉,常含比喻的隐含意义
Mybreakfastwasruinedbywhatyousaid.
7.发觉:
find,findout,discover,invent
find
侧重发现的结果
Hefinallyfoundhiskey.
findout
经过研究或询问查明某事或真相
Iwillfindoutwhathappened.
discover
偶然或经过努力发现原来存在但不为人所知的事物
Thescientistscandiscovermoresecretsoftheuniverse.
invent
运用智慧发明新事物
ThomasEdisoninventedthelightbulb.
8.改变:
change,alter,vary,turn
change
翻天覆地大变化,变得与原物完全不同
Ihavechangedmymind.
alter
局部的、外表的变化,本质不变
Thisdressneedalteringalittle.
vary
一系列变化,强调种类多样,连续变化
Customsvarywiththetimes.
turn
变成,强调变化的结果
Inthiscartoonfairytale,aprinceturnsintoafrog.
9取得:
achieve,acquire,gain,obtain
achieve
由于努力,克服困难后达到目标
Achieveone’sgoal
acquire
经过努力获得的知识、技术等抽象东西,或养成习惯等
acquireabadhabit
gain
通过竞争或战争,历尽艰幸获得有价值的东西
Nopains,nogains.
obtain
通过乞求或长时间付出代价得到渴望的东西
obtainemployment
10.要求:
request,require,demand
request
有礼貌的请求;
正式的请求
Manypeoplerequestedanothersong.
require
Allpassengersarerequiredtoshow
要求所必需的东西;
法律、协议、规章以及其他客观情况的要求
theirtickets.
demand
主观要求,坚决或强烈要求
Theyaredemandinghigherwages.
用法
requestsb.todosth.requestthatsb.shoulddosth.
requiresb.todosth.requirethatsb.shoulddosth.
requiredoing=requiretobedone
demandtodosth.demandthatsb.shoulddosth.
divide
separate
把…从…中分离出来(把原来是一个整体的,或靠近的东西分离出来)
separate…from…
divide
把…分成…(把一个整体分成若干部分)
divide…into…
12.发生:
takeplace,happen,occur,comeabout,breakout
takeplace
按照安排,有计划地发生、举行
TheOlympicGamesof2008tookplaceinBeijing.
happen
偶然或突发事件的发生
Ihappenedtoseeacaraccident.
occur
发生,突然想到
Itoccurstomethat…
comeabout
事情已经发生,但不知道原因,多用于否定和疑问
Idon’tknowwhathavecomeabout.
breakout
战争、疾病、灾难等的突然爆发
Afirebrokeoutlastnightwhileweweresleeping.
14.建议:
advise,suggest,persuade
advise
建议,劝告
advisesb.todosth.
advisedoingsth.
advisethatsb.(should)dosth.
advise=trytopersuade
suggest
建议
suggesttosb.suggestdoingsth.
suggestthatsb.(should)dosth.
persuade
说服,劝服(强调结果)
persuadesb.Todosth.
persuadesb.intodoingsth.
persuadesb.outofdoingsth.
15.看:
glance,glare,glimpse,stare,peer,peep,gaze,gape
glance
(粗略地,随便地)一瞥
Shegavehimaquickglanceandsmiled.
glare
怒目而视
Theyglaredateachotherafterabigfight.
glimpse
一瞥,看一眼
Icaughtaglimpseofthatgirl.
stare
盯着(粗鲁无礼的)
Itoldhimnottostareather;
it’srude.
peer
费力地看
Shehastopeeratthingsbecauseofhershortsight.
peep
窥视,偷看
Themotherpeepedintothebedroom.
gaze
凝视,目不转睛地看
Hegazedathisbeautifulbride.
gape
吃惊地看着
Thechildrengapedatthedinosaurmodelinthe
museum.
16.宣布:
declare,announce,proclaim
主语
宾语
场合
declare
则既可以是权力机关或政府首脑,也可以是普通个人
重要的决策、举措或意见
主要用于正式场合,也可用于非正式场合
announce
公众关心的,特别是具有新闻性的事件
可以用于一般场合,也可用于官方正式公告
proclaim
只能是权力机关或政府首脑
指意义重大的事情
正式场合
17.consistof/bemadeupof/becomposedof
consistof
无被动,无进行时
Ourteamconsistsoffivedoctorsandtwonurses.
bemadeupof
被动形式,无进行时
Ourlifeismadeofchoices.
becomposedof
Everysubstanceiscomposedofverysmallparticlescalledmolecules.
18.辨析:
represent/standfor/onbehalfof
standfor
代表;
象征。
侧重于用另外的东西代表或表示
Whatdoesayellowrosestandfor?
onbehalfof
代表(某人或某组织);
为了…的利益
Onbehalfeveryonehere,Iwishyouaveryhappyholiday.
represent
指有代表性或象征性地描述或讲述
Thispicturerepresentsastormatsea.
19.cross/across/over/through
cross
穿过;
十字路口
Becarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.
across
从一边到另一边,从表面穿过;
在......对面
Goacrossthebridge,youwillseeabuilding.
MyhouseisacrosstheCentralPlaza.
through
从内部穿过
Theelephantcan'
tgothroughthegate.
over
从上空越过,翻越过去
climbedoverthehill;
jumpoverthedesk
Thebirdflewovertheriver.
20.rise,raise,arise,arouse
rise不及物
(rose,risen)
日月云雾烟热气,物价河水温度计,起床起立与起义皆由rise升上去。
Thesunroseatseveno’clock.
Thepriceisrising.
Janeroseslowlyfromthechair.
arise不及物
(arose,arisen)
多用于问题、困难、分歧等出现、由......引起
Howdidthequarelarise?
Problemsarosefromthelackofcommunication.
raise及物
(raised,raised)
招募、募捐、饲养、养育、提高、举起用raise
Salarieshavenowbeenraised.
Theyperformtoraisemoneyforthepoor.
arouse及物
唤起(兴趣、同情心等)、唤醒某人
Hefellasleep.Don’tarousehim.
(aroused,同)
Thelecturearousedmyinterest.
练习:
(1)He_____andwalkeddownstairs.
(2)They______glassestotheirfriendship.
(3)Steamis______fromthekettle.
(4)Theyhave______upto20,000yuanfortheHopeProject.
(5)Whenthequestion______,nonowcouldsolveit.
答案:
(1)rose
(2)raised(3)rising(4)raised(5)arose
21.refuse/deny/reject/decline
deny
否认(某事的真实性)
+n./代词/动名词/that从句
拒绝给予某人想要的东西
denysbsth.
refuse
坚决地、不客气地拒绝
+n./代词/不定式
reject
拒绝、驳回(正式、语气更强)
+n./代词/动名词
decline
婉言拒绝、谢绝refusepolitely
Eg.Sherefusetohelpme.
Hedeniedwhathehaddone.
Don’tdenyyourselfpleasure.不要有乐不享。
(1)—Areyoustillmadather?
—Notreally,butIcan’t_____thatherremarkshurtme.
A.denyB.refuseC.rejectD.decline
(2)She_____myinvitationbecauseofapreviousappointment.
A.refusedB.declinedC.denyD.reject
(3)Thesoldierswereputintoprisonbecausethey_____toobeyorders.
A.rejectedB.declinedC.objectedD.refused
22.desire/hope/want/wish
desire
指由于愿望强烈而迫切希望、渴望
Idesiretoseeyou.我很想见到你。
Hedesiressuccess.他渴望成功。
hope
Ihopetobeadoctor.
指希望某人有一个良好的结果,而且这种希望是可能得到满足的
Ihopethatshewillrecoversoon.
wish
常表示难以实现的愿望,所以其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气
Iwishtobeamillionaire.
Iwishyoutobehappy.我希望你幸福。
IwishthatIwouldflytothemoononeday.
Iwishyousuccess.祝你成功。
搭配:
desiretodosth.desiresth.
hopetodosth.hope+that从句
wishtodosth.wishsbtodosth.
wishthat+虚拟语气wishsbsth.(跟双宾语)
23.hurt,wound,injure
hurt
使人的肉体受伤而疼痛,或伤了人的自尊心或感情。
Maryhurtherselfwhenshefellover..
That'
llhurtherfeeling.
harm
对身体或精神上的伤害,常指伤害人的肉体、身心健康、事业等。
Overdrinkingwillharmyourstomach.
Thosefairytaleswon’tharmourstudents.
wound
一般指严重的外伤,主要指在战场上受伤,
Hegotwoundedinthewar.
作vt.,宾语是人,而不是受伤部位。
Thebulletwoundedhimintheshoulder.
injure
一般指由于意外或事故造成损伤。
Tominjuredhisleginaskatingaccident.
注意:
woundn.创伤;
伤口v.伤,损害woundedadj.负伤的,受了伤(害)的
injuredadj.受伤的,受损害的
常见名词辨析:
1.标记:
sign,signal,symbol,mark
sign
符号、招牌、征兆,代表固定意义的符号或标记
Raisingafingertothelipsisasignforsilence.
signal
信号,被用作交通、通讯的指示或传递消息的一种手势或声音、光等
Thetrafficsignalturnstogreen.
symbol
记号或象征,尤其指用有形实物代表抽象的实体
Whatisthechemicalsymbolforcopper?
mark
斑点、标记、刻度,为某一特定目的而做的标记或有意无意留下的痕迹
aburn/scratchmark
2.道路,入口:
way,means,method,manner,approach
way
方式,方法(普通用词)
I’llansweryourquestioninanotherway.
means
实现目的的任何手段,或使用交通工具的方式。
Themoneywasn’tearnedbyhonestmeans.
method
指有条理的,系统的办法,特别指新的办法。
Haveyoutriedthenewmethod?
thepropermethodofbrushingteeth
manner
特殊的或怪异的方式、方法
Whyareyoutalkinginsuchastrangemanner?
approach
解决一特定问题的方法,尤其是经过深思熟虑的方法
Idon’tlikeherapproachtotheproblem.
way+todo/ofdoing,前面接in(Hedidthisinthisway.)
method+of,前面接with(Heearnsmoneywiththemethodofstealingmoney.)
bymeansof(Hewenttoschoolbymeansoftakingabus.)
approachto+n./doing(theapproachtothequestion)
access
(接近或进入某地的)方法、通道
The
only
access
to
the
farm
house
is
across
field.
(使用某物或接近某人的)机会或权利
Students
must
have
good
library.
接近,靠近
WhenIapproached,theygrewsilent.
Have
you
found
a
correct
approach
subject?
3.适应:
tradition,habit,custom,practice
tradition
传统,长时间形成并能传递给下一代的习惯
culturaltradition文化传统
habit
个人长期养成的生活习惯或癖好
Hehasabadhabitofsmoking.
c
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 高考 重点 辨析