英语综合华侨大学 英语专业考研真题Word文档格式.docx
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英语综合华侨大学 英语专业考研真题Word文档格式.docx
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butalsovianonverballanguage.Indeed,ithasestimated2._________
thatlittlemorethan20percentofcommunicationbetween
twoindividualswithinasamecultureisverbalinnature.The3._________
bulkofcommunications,thentakesplacenonverbally—via
anodofthehead,awaveofthehand,asmile,orevenastep
towardorawayfromanotherpeople.4._________
Thenumberofclassificationsystemsofnonverbal5._________
languageexist,somecontaininguptotwenty-fourdifferent
categoriesofbehaviors.Mostclassificationsystemsinclude
facialexpressions,eyecontactandgaze,bodymovement,
touching,smell,spaceusage,timesymbolism,appearanceordress,
colorsymbolism,andevensilence.Itisimportanttonotewhich6._________
nonverbalmethodsofcommunicationaremoreuniversal7._________
thanverbalmethods.Justasonewordcanmeandifferent
thingindifferentcountries,so,too,nonverbalcuesvaryintheir8.___________
meaning.TheAmerica“OK”gesturecommunicatedbymaking9.___________
acirclewithone’sthumbandindexfingermeanzeroorworthless10.__________
inFranceandawillingnesstogivemoneyinJapan.InGreece
andBrazil,however,itcarriesaquitevulgarconnotation.
PartIIGrammar:
30points
(I)Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththebestchoice:
Thereare10sentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.
1.IcananswerthequestionforyoubutI________.
A.don’tfeellikeitB.don’tfeellikingit
C.don’tfeellikeD.don’tfeelliketo
2.He______inhissavingsaccountafterbuyingthecar.
A.hasscarcelynomoneyleftB.scarcelyhasnotanymoneyleft
C.hasscarcelynotanymoneyleftD.hasscarcelyanymoneyleft
3.Georgeneither______forthepastthreedays.
A.eatingnordrinkingB.atenordrank
C.eatsnordrankd.atenordrinks
4.Never________faithinhimself,JamesWattwentonwithhisexperiment.
A.losingB.toloseC.lostD.loses
5.Youshouldinsureyourhouse_____there’safire.
A.incaseB.ifC.becauseD.for
6.I’llconsider________Mr.Smithtonight,butIamnotsureifIhavethetime.
A.toseeB.seeingC.tobeseeingD.havingseen
7.You________mebecauseIneversaidthatIwouldmeetyouthere.
A.mustbemisunderstandingB.mustmisunderstand
C.hadtomisunderstandD.musthavemisunderstood
8.Alotof_______shouldbestudiedbeforeanyconclusioncanbemade.
A.dataB.datasC.datumD.datums
9.Tryingtoclimbthemountaininsuchterribleconditionswas______.
A.outofquestionB.beyondthereach
C.outofthequestionD.ofthepoint
10.She’sgoingtothephotographer’s_________.
A.tohavetakenherphotographB.totakeherphotograph
C.thathetakesherphotographD.tohaveherphotographtaken
(II)Thereare10sentencesinthissection.Eachsentencehasfourpartsunderlined.Thefourunderlinedpartsaremarked(A),(B),(C),and(D).Identifytheoneunderlinedpartthatiswrong:
1.ThereasonTomhasmadesuchgreatprogressisbecausehehasneverwastedhis
ABCD
time.
2.Thoughthemeetingwasabouttoendandeverybodywasinahurrytoleave,
ABC
Richardinsistedtoaskseveralquestions.
D
3.Yesterdayafternoon,walkingalongtheroad,asmallflowerpotfellfromthe
balconyofahouse,andknockedhimunconscious.
4.Neitherhistrainingnorhisexperienceasarailwayengineerqualifyhimforthe
ABCD
Job.
5.Thepatient’sdoctorstronglyurgesthathehasanoperationonhisbackassoonas
hisgeneralhealthimproves.
6.Nottoomanyyearsago,itwasanexcitedexperiencetotravel25or50milesfrom
home.
7.Weneedaunusualgiftedchemisttosolvethissensitiveproblemwithoutcreating
anyhazards.
8.Oneofthethingsshewroteaboutwerelifeonasmallfarmatthebeginningofthe
century.
9.Itisnecessarythatapersondrinkseveralglassesofthewaterdailyifhewishesto
remainhealthy.
10.Sincethelasttwodecadesbiologyandbiochemistryhavebothadvancedvery
rapidly.Thishasledtomanychangesinmedicalpractice.
(III)Rewritethefollowing,usingthesubjunctiveina“that-clause”:
2points
1.Sheinsistsonhistakinghisvacationnow.
2.Itwasnecessaryforhimtoleaveimmediately.
(IV)Rewritethefollowingsentences,usingthedoublegenitive(双重属格)construction:
1.Where’sthatpen,theoneyouhave?
2.Whatwillthispolicythegovernmentisfollowingleadto?
(V)Combineeachpairofsimplesentencesintoacomplexsentence,usingpropersubordinators:
2points
1.ShespokeFrenchrapidly.Icouldn’tunderstandher.
2.Mywifewasusingthevacuumcleaner.Iwastryingtolistentoabroadcastplay.
(VI)Combineeachofthefollowingpairsorgroupsofsentencesusingarelativepronoun,makinganyotherchangesnecessary:
2points
1.Yousentmeapresent.Thankyouverymuchforit.
2.Hepaidme£1forwashingtenwindows.Mostofthemhadn’tbeenwashedforatleastayear.
(VII)TranslatethefollowingtwosentencesintoChinese:
1.HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.
2.Sincehehasbeeninthearmy,hehasbeeninmuchbetterhealth.
PartIIIReadingComprehension:
50points
Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfourquestionsorincompletestatements.Foreachquestionorstatement,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChooseonlyONEthatbestanswersthequestionorfinishestheincompletestatement.
Passage1
Inthetwenty-twoyearsbeforetheappearanceof"
EssayonthePrincipleofPopulation"
ofThomasMalthus,therapiddevelopmentofthetextileandotherindustriesinEnglandthroughtherecentmechanicalinventionshadcallednewtownsintoexistence,andgreatlystimulatedtheincreaseofpopulation.Increasedproductionseemedtomeanadisproportionateincreaseinpopulation,andadecreaseinthesubsistenceofthepoor.Theobviousobjection,thatthisconditionwasattributabletobaddistributionratherthantoinsufficientproduction,hadindeedcometotheattentionofMalthus.
Insomedegreehisbookwasananswertothatveryobjection.WilliamGodwin,adiscipleoftheFrenchrevolutionaryphilosophers,hadbeendefendingthetheorythatalltheevilsofsocietyarosefromdefectivesocialinstitutions,andthattherewasmorethanenoughwealthforall,ifitwereonlydistributedequally.Malthusrepliedtothispositionwithhis"
.Histhesiswasthatpopulationconstantlytendstooutrunsubsistence,butthatitisheldincheckbyvice-abortion,infanticide,prostitution,andbymiseryintheformofwar,plague,famine,andunnecessarydisease.Ifallpersonswereprovidedwithsufficientsustenance,andthesechecksremoved,thereliefwouldbeonlytemporary;
fortheincreaseofmarriagesandbirthswouldsoonproduceapopulationfarinexcessofthefoodsupply.
AsapopularrefutationofthetheoriesofGodwin,thebookwasasuccess,butitsauthorsoonbeganadeeperinquiryintothefactsfromwhichhehaddrawnhisconclusions.Theresultofhislaborswastheappearancein1803ofasecondeditionofthe"
Essay"
whichdifferedsomuchinsizeandcontentfromthefirstastoconstitute,inthewordsofMalthushimself,"
anewwork"
.Inthefirstchapteroftheneweditionhedeclaredthat"
theconstanttendencyofallanimatedlifetoincreasebeyondthenourishmentpreparedforit"
hadnothithertoreceivedsufficientattention.Beforeattemptingtoprovetheexistenceofthistendency,heinquiredwhatwouldbe"
thenaturalincreaseofpopulationiflefttoexertitselfinperfectfreedom...underthemostfavorablecircumstancesofhumanindustry"
.OnthebasisofthehistoryofNorthAmericaduringthecenturyandahalfpreceding1800,andfromtheopinionsofsomeeconomists,heconcludedthat"
populationwhenuncheckedgoesondoublingitselfevery25years,orincreasesinageometricalratio"
.
Inthesecondvolumehediscussesthemeanswhichhavebeenproposedtopreventanundueincreaseofpopulation,and,therefore,torenderunnecessarytheactionofthepositivechecks.Someofthemeansthatherecommendedwereabstentionfrompublicprovisionfortheencouragementofpopulationincreaseandforthereliefofthepoor,andabolitionofexistinglawsofthiskind,especiallythePoorLawofEngland.Buthischiefrecommendationwasthepracticeofwhathecalled"
moralrestraint"
.Intheneweditionofhiswork,consequently,Malthusnotmerelypointedoutanewchecktopopulation,butadvocatedit,inordertopreventandforestalltheoperationofthecruelandimmoralchecksautomaticallysetinmotionbyviceandmisery.
1.MalthusobjectedtoGodwin'
st
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