暑假专题谓语动词的人称变化主谓一致Word文件下载.docx

暑假专题谓语动词的人称变化主谓一致Word文件下载.docx

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主谓一致的三个原则——语法一致、意义一致、就近一致，请见下表：

用法

例句

语法一致

一、视名词中心词的数而定

1.主语为单数名词或单数第三人称代词时，谓语用单数。

Theparkisverybeautiful.

Heworksforajoint-venture.

2.主语为one,oneof,由some,any,no,every构成的合成代词或morethanone时，谓语用单数。

Nobodybelievesit.

Morethanonebookinmylibraryhasbeenstolen.

3.主语为manya时，谓语用单数。

Manyacleverboyhasaskedsuchsillyquestions.

4.each,either,neither,another作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Neitherofthemhastakenawaythebook.

5.主语为复数名词时，谓语一般用复数。

Manystudentslikeswimming.

6.集合名词people,police等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

PeoplewerecheeredandwavedwhenthePrimeMinisterarrivedattheairport.

7.主语为agroup（number）of+复数名词时，谓语用复数。

Agroupofstudentshavemadethisproposal.

8.and连接的两个或两个以上名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

JackandPetercometoseeyou.

9.主语为apartof时，如果名词为复数，谓语用复数；

apartof后接不可数名词时，谓语用单数。

Alargepartofpassengerswerehurtintheaccident.

10.集合名词family,class等作主语时，如看作整体，谓语动词用单数；

如强调个体，则谓语动词用复数。

Myfamilyhaslivedherefortwentyyears.

Theclassarehavingameeting.

11.主语为单数或复数名词，后接togetherwith,alongwith,accompaniedby或aswellas等，词组的数决定于作主语的名词中心词。

Theactress,alongwithhermanagerandsomefriends,isgoingtoapartydowntownthisevening.

意义一致

二、只求内在含义的一致

12.表示度量、时间等概念的复数名词作主语时，根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采取单数形式。

Tendollarsisnotenough.

Threeyearspassesinnotimeatallinaquietvillage.

13.加s的名词作主语，如果该词含义为复数，谓语动词采取复数形式；

含义为单数，谓语动词采取单数形式。

Politicsisoftenatopicfordiscussionamongus.（指政治这一课题）

Whatareyourpolitics?

（指政治观点）

就近一致

三、

谓语形式与最靠近它的主语名词一

致

14.当名词化的形容词作主语时，指一类人时，谓语用复数形式；

指物时多用单数谓语。

Thosebadlyinjuredaretakenaway.（指受伤的人）

Theprogressiveissuretoprevailovertheconservative.（指势力）

15.动名词或what引导的从句作主语时，若指的是并列的两个概念，谓语用复数形式。

Whatisrightandwhatiswrongareofnosmallsenseinsuchacase.

Sayinganddoingaretwothingsofnosmallmeasure.

16.由notonly…butalso，either…or，neither…nor引导的主语中，谓语动词应采取就近一致原则，与距离最近的主语保持一致。

Neitherthepresidentofthecompany,northesalesmanagerhasaMsterDegree.

17.在强调句的“Itis+代词+that/who”结构中，从句谓语与itis+that/who中强调部分的主语一致。

Itistheironyoffatethatbringsthesetwomentogether.

ItisIwhoamnotwillingtoacceptyouroffer.

18.在“There+be+主语”的句型中也常采用就近原则（但也往往按主语的实际数量使用相应的谓语形式）。

Thereisadictionaryandmanybooksonthedesk.

Therearemanybooksandadictionaryonthedesk.

19.在以“oneof+复数名词+who”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语动词可根据强调的实际人数或就近原则用复数或单数。

JohnisoneofmyclosefriendswhoarealwaysreadytohelpwhenIamintrouble.

JohnistheonlyoneofmyclosefriendswhoisalwaysreadytohelpwhenIamintrouble.

20.some,any,none,half作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式视情况而定。

Halfofthestudentsareboys.

Halfisenough.

【典型例题】

1.Nooneexcepttwostudents______themeeting.

A.hasbeenlateforB.havebeenlateforC.waslateforD.werelatefor

2.Allbuthimandme______totheexhibition.

A.amgoingB.isgoingC.aregoingD.wasgoing

3.Interest,aswellasprospects,______importantwhenonelooksforajob.

A.areB.wereC.isD.was

4.Thepresident,accompaniedbyhisassistants,______.

A.havearrivedB.arearrivingC.hadarrivedD.hasarrived

5.Anumberofcars______infrontofthepark

A.isparkedB.wasparkedC.areparkedD.hasparked

［参考答案］1~5CCCDC

【模拟试题】

（答题时间：

25分钟）

1.Eachofyou______responsiblefortheaccident.

A.amB.beC.isD.are

2.Eachmanandwoman______thesamerights.

A.hasB.haveC.hadD.ishaving

3.Everymeans______triedbutwithoutmuchresult.

A.hasbeenB.havebeenC.areD.is

4.There______inthisroom.

A.aretoomuchfurnitureB.istoomanyfurnitures

C.aretoomuchfurnituresD.istoomuchfurniture

5.Themanagerorhisassistant______planningtogo.

A.wereB.areC.wasD.be

6.NotonlyIbutalsoDavidandIris______fondofplayingbasketball.

A.amB.isC.areD.was

7.NeitherTomnorhisparents______athome.

A.isB.areC.hasD.was

8.Eitherthedeanortheprincipal______themeeting.

A.attendsB.attendC.areattendingD.haveattended

9.______waswrong.

A.NottheteacherbutthestudentsB.Boththestudentsandtheteacher

C.NeithertheteachernotthestudentsD.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher

10.“______twentydollarsabigsumtoher?

”

“Isupposeso.”

A.WillbeB.IsC.AreD.Were

11.Threehours______enoughforustofinishthetask.

A.areB.hasC.isD.were

12.Mostofhissavings______intheXinHuaBank.

A.hasbeenkeptB.isbeingkept

C.havekeptD.havebeenkept

13.Allthatcanbedone______.

A.hasdoneB.hasbeendone

C.havedoneD.havebeendone

14.Oneorperhapsmorepages_______.

A.ismissingB.hasbeenmissedC.aremissingD.wasmissing

15.Morethanoneworker______dismissed.

A.havebeenB.areC.hasbeenD.has

16.Manyastudent______theimportanceoflearningaforeignlanguage.

A.haverealizedB.hasrealize

C.havebeenrealizedD.hasbeenrealized

17.Thegasworks______nearthecity.

A.isB.areC.wereD.be

18.Thesurroundingsofhishouse______cleannow.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

19.Thecommittee______overtheproblemamongthemselvesfortwohours.

A.hasarguedB.hasbeenarguing

C.havearguedD.havebeenarguing

20.Thepublic______generousintheircontributionstotheearthquakevictims.

A.isB.wasC.areD.hasbeen

21.Cattle______onthehillside.

A.grazesB.isgrazingC.wasgrazingD.weregrazing

22.Herpolitics______neitherconservativenorliberal.

A.isB.areC.wasD.hasbeen

23.Measles______akindofinfectiousillness.

A.isB.areC.wereD.havebeen

24.ThePhilippines______tothesouth-eastofChina.

A.liesB.lieC.layD.lays

25.Maryisoneofthegirlswho______alwaysontime.

A.isB.amC.areD.was

26.Tomistheonlyoneofthestallmemberswho______tobepromoted.

A.isgoingB.aregoing

c.hasbeengoingD.havebeengoing

27.Whatcausedtheaccident______ontheroad.

A.werestoneB.werestonesC.wasstoneD.wasstones

28.Wiskyandsoda______hisfavoritedrink.

A.isB.areC.wereD.havebeen

29.______istoattendourevening.

A.BoththesingerandthedancerB.Eitherthesingerordancers

C.ThesingerordancersD.Thesingeranddancer

30.TheSmiths______theirbreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.

A.hadB.hasbeenhavingC.arehavingD.werehaving

【试题答案】

1~5CAADC6~10CBADB11~15CDBCC16~20BABDC

21~25DBAAC26~30ABBDD