拼车服务外文文献翻译.docx
- 文档编号:1629496
- 上传时间:2022-10-23
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:10
- 大小:29.64KB
拼车服务外文文献翻译.docx
《拼车服务外文文献翻译.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《拼车服务外文文献翻译.docx(10页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
拼车服务外文文献翻译
拼车服务外文文献翻译2019
英文
Carsharingusebycollegestudents:
ThecaseofMilanandRome
LuciaRotaris,RomeoDanielis,IlaMaltesec
Abstract
Thepaperanalysescarsharing(CS)usebycollegestudentsintheItaliancitiesofRomeandMilan.WeuseanadaptedstatedpreferenceapproachtostudyCSpreferencesbycollectinginformationontheindividualmobilitypatternsandbydistinguishingbetweencommutingandnon-commutingtrips.WedevelopsixhypotheticalscenariostoexplorehowmobilitydecisionwouldchangewhenvaryingthecharacteristicsofthecurrentCSsupply.WeestimatearandomparameterdiscretechoicemodeltoevaluateCSpreferencesandsimulatedCSdemand.ThemainfindingisthatcollegestudentsuseCSonanoccasionalbasisandvaryrarelytheirhabitualtransportchoice.Thestudentspreferthefree-floatingCStypeoverthestation-basedorroundtripone.LowerfaresandahigherCSsupplyofpreferablyelectriccarswouldincreasethenumberofCSstudentusersfromthecurrent2%toupto10–15%.CSsubstitutesmainlytheprivatecarand,toalesserextent,publictransport.
Keywords:
Carsharing,Collegestudents,Statedpreference,Traveldemand
1. Introduction
Inthelastfouryears,Italiancitieshaveexperiencedalargeincreaseincarsharing(CS)servicesupply.InItaly,CSisofferedbytwotypesoforganization:
state-sponsoredcompaniesandprivatecompanies.Theformeroffereithera roundtriporastation-basedservice,andsomeofthemaresupportedbytheCarSharingInitiative(ICS,IniziativaCarSharing),promotedandfinancedbytheMinistryoftheEnvironment(Ministerodell'AmbienteedelTerritorio,2018).Accordingto Istat(2016),in2014roundtriporstation-basedCSwasofferedin23medium-largeItaliancities.Intheyears2011–2014,thenumberofavailablevehiclesincreasedfrom656to915andthenumberofstationsincreasedfrom435to521.Therealgamechangerwasthemarketentryoftheprivatecompaniessupplyingfree-floatingsystems. Itisestimatedthat,intotal,bytheendof20177,679CScarswereinservice,managedby29CScompanies(Ministerodell’AmbienteedellaTuteladelTerritorioedelMare,2018).
Notwithstandingtherecentgrowth,manyareasofuncertaintyexistanddeservemoreresearch.AnimportantoneregardstheCSdemand.TheCSmarketisstillinitsinitialphase.Thesuppliersareadjustingtheirbusinessmodelsinanefforttocontrolcostsandmakeaprofit.Theusershaveyettoadapttheirtransportmodechoices.ItisunclearwhetherCSisusedmerelyonoccasionalbasisorifitistosomeextentahabitualtransportmodechoice.ThepreferencestructureofCSdemandisunknown.TheCSprovidersneedtoknowthepreferencesofthecurrentandpotentialdemandinordertobettermeetthecustomers’needsandtoincreasetheirmarketshare.Furthermore,intheItaliancontext,thesubstitutionbetweenCSandothertransportmodesremains,byandlarge,unexplored.ThisinformationiscrucialnotonlyforevaluatingtheimpactofCSonsocialandenvironmentalefficiency,butalsoforunderstandingthedistributionalimpactsonothertransportsuppliers,andconsequently,theacceptabilityofCS.
InthispaperthesetopicsareanalyzedwithrespecttocollegestudentsattendingtheUniversitiesofMilanandRome.TheresearchisspecificallyfocusedoncollegestudentsbecausetheyrepresentanimportantcurrentandpotentialsegmentoftheCSmarket.Aresearchconductedin2016involving37Italianuniversitiesand70.000individualsestimatesthat11%oftheuniversitystudentsintervieweduseafree-floatingCSservice,while4%useastation-basedCSservice. Lodigiani(2017)reportsthatinMilan27%ofCSmembersarecollegestudentsandtheyusetheservicemorefrequentlythantheothermarketsegments.ArecentstudycarriedoutinRomebythelocaladministrationreportsthat90%ofcollegestudentshavea driverlicense butonly35%haveaprivatevehicleandrepresentapromisingandlargepotentialsegmentfortheCSproviders.Moreover,itiswellknownthatyounggenerationsaremoresensitivetoenvironmentalissuesandgreenproducts,andfinditeasiertoaccepttechnologicalchanges,asfoundby Yuetal.(2016).YoungerpeoplehavelimiteddisposableincomeandfindadvantageoustouseCS,sinceitallowsthemtoavoidthefixedcostsofowingaprivatecarandthefeestobepaidwhentravellingdowntown(parkingandcongestioncharges).Finally,assuggestedby MartinandShaheen(2011b),collegestudentshaveahighlydynamiclife,characterizedbyfrequentmoving,changesinroommates,employment,courseschedules,andvehicles.Often,theyliveindifferentcitiesandhousesduringdifferenttimesoftheyear.Theirtravelpatterncanbeverydifferentfromoneyeartothenext.Consequently,itisadvisabletostudytheirmobilityneedsinaseparateandsegment-specificstudy.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 服务 外文 文献 翻译
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)