CD篇阅读专练学年中考知识及解题技巧人教新目标版解析版Word文件下载.docx
- 文档编号:16289051
- 上传时间:2022-11-22
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:23
- 大小:74.11KB
CD篇阅读专练学年中考知识及解题技巧人教新目标版解析版Word文件下载.docx
《CD篇阅读专练学年中考知识及解题技巧人教新目标版解析版Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《CD篇阅读专练学年中考知识及解题技巧人教新目标版解析版Word文件下载.docx(23页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
快速通篇跳读,眼睛自左至右,自上而下呈Z形扫视,直至找到所需要的部分。
待找到所需要的部分时,可放慢速度,细读要查找的内容。
【特别提醒】 细节理解题主要是对文中某个短语、句子、段落等细节及事实进行提问,所提问题一般可直接或间接在文中找到,所以解题时务必牢记要忠于原文的上下文及全篇的逻辑关系,决不能主观臆断。
二、主旨大意题
主旨大意题的常见设问方式为:
(1)What’sthemainideaofthispassage?
(2)Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?
(3)Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
(4)Thewritermeanstotellusthat .
(5)Themainideaofthepassageisthat .
(6)Thepassageismainlyabout .
(7)Fromthepassagewecanlearn/concludethat .
(8)Thelastparagraphischieflyconcernedwith .
(9)What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?
(10)Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
(11)Thebesttitle/headline(标题)forthepassageis .
(1)中心思想类的主旨大意题
找准全文的主题句是中心思想类的主旨大意题的关键。
河北省中考试卷的文章多以演绎型文章为主,即提出观点,然后列举论据,举例说明。
故文章多以总分关系为主,所以其主题句的常见位置为首段首句或首段尾句。
但也不排除归纳型文章,即列举事例,然后归纳总结观点,所以尾段首句和尾句也要多留意。
(2)标题类主旨大意题
其常见解题技巧有:
①根据主题句确定标题
即先确定好本文的主题句,然后选择和主题句一致的标题。
②根据高频词汇确定标题
通览全文看看哪些关键词出现频率较高,那么就倾向于选择含有这些关键词的标题。
③用好“双向法”
即根据标题内容去推测文章应该具体讲些什么。
反过来再根据文本内容去结合标题。
两个方向综合考虑,就可以选出正确标题。
【特别提醒】 主旨大意题主要考查对文本中心思想的掌握和理解情况。
解答这类试题时,一定不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义,一定要结合主题句去做题。
三、词义猜测题
1.审题
词义猜测题的常见设问方式为:
(1)What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword/phrase...inChinese?
(2)Theunderlinedword...refersto/probablymeans...
(3)Theunderlinedword...couldbereplacedby...
(4)Whatisthemeaningof...?
(5)Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheword...?
(1)单词释义法
在画线单词后可能会有“—”或“thatmeans.../thatistosay...”等表解释说明的句子,这时只要把这句话理解到位,就能顺利猜出画线词的词义。
(2)举例法
在画线单词后可能会有“forexample,suchas”等引导的例子,这时只要把这些例子读懂,就能顺利猜出画线单词的意思。
(3)代入法
将四个选项逐个代入原文并结合上下文进行翻译,可以结合上下文内容从感情基调、褒义、贬义等角度进行各选项间的对比,这时就能顺利猜出画线单词的意思。
(4)构词法
有时可以结合构词法进行词义猜测,即从合成词、派生词的前后缀、词性和词义的转化的角度去考虑画线单词,这对于猜出画线单词的词义较有帮助。
四、推理判断题
推理判断题的常见设问方式为:
(1)Itcanbeinferred/concluded/seenfromthepassagethat...
(2)Whichofthefollowingconclusionscanwedrawaccordingtothepassage?
(3)Thewritersuggeststhat...
(4)Thewriterusestheexampleof...toshowthat...
(5)What’sthewriter’sattitudetoward...?
(6)What’sthewriter’spurposeofwritingthepassage?
(7)Fromthepassage,weknow...
(8)Thewriterprobablyagreesthat...
(1)透过现象看本质
通过阅读文本,透过文章表面文字信息推断文章的隐含意思,领悟作者的思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。
(2)牢记一定以原文为前提
一定要以原文为前提,根据作者的观点(非考生观点),客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予逻辑推理,做出一定解释。
【特别提醒】 推理判断题一定要从作者的角度去考虑,不要固守自己的观点和看法。
中考真题训练
一
Peoplelikedifferentcolors.Girlsalwayslikepinkorpurple.Boysusuallylikeblueorbrown.Whypeoplelikedifferentcolors?
Doyouwanttoknowthesecretsofcolors?
Justreadon.
Peoplelikedifferentcolorsbecauseoftheirculturesandcountries.FortheEgyptians,greenisthecolorthatrepresentsthehopeandjoyofspring.ForMuslims,greenmeansheaven.Redisasymbolofgoodluckinmanycultures.InChina,childrenaregivenmoneyinaredenvelope.ChinesepeoplethinkredcanbringgoodlucktothemintheNewYear.Insomecountries,blueisasymbolofprotection.Greekpeopleoftenwearbluenecklacesinordertoprotectthemselves.
People’schoiceofcolorsisalsoinfluencedbytheirbodies’reactionstowardthem.Greenissaidtobethemostrelaxingcolor.Itcanmakepeoplerelaxed.Redcancauseaperson’sbloodpressuretoriseandincreasepeople’sappetites.Manyrestaurantownerswilldecoratetheirrestaurantswithredthings.Redisalsoacolorthatcancatchaperson’seyeeasily.Thatiswhysomeshoppingwebsitesalwayshavered“BUYNOW”buttons.Blueisanothercalmingcolor.Unlikered,bluecancausepeopletoloseappetite.Soifyouwanttoloseweight,usingbluebowlsandplatesmaybehelpful.
1.Theunderlinedword“represents”probablymeans“ ”inEnglish.
A.callsforB.standsfor
C.caresforD.preparesfor
2.Whydomanyrestaurantownersliketouseredthingstodecoratetheirrestaurants?
A.Becauseredcanbringhopeandjoy.
B.Becauseredcanbringthemgoodluck.
C.Becauseredcanmakecustomerseatmore.
D.Becauseredcancatchcustomers’eyeeasily.
3.Ifyouwanttoeatless,youcanuse bowlsandplates.
A.blueB.redC.greenD.pink
4.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthetext?
A.WhytheEgyptianslikeredandblue.
B.WhatChinesepeoplethinkofblack.
C.Whyshoppingwebsiteshavered“BUYNOW”buttons.
D.Whatthemostpopularcolorsforyoungpeopleare.
5.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Teenagers’favoritecolorsB.Colorsandtheirsymbols
C.ColorsandculturesD.Thesecretsofcolors
1.【答案】B
【解析】词义猜测题。
由后文“ForMuslims,greenmeansheaven.Redisasymbolofgoodluckinmanycultures.”可知画线词“represents”的意思应接近“means(意思是)”和“isasymbolof(是……的象征)”。
A项“要求,提倡”,B项“代表,象征”,C项“关心,照顾”,D项“为……做准备”。
“represents”的意思可能是“standsfor”,选B。
2.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。
由文章最后一段中的“Redcancauseaperson
sbloodpressuretoriseandincreasepeople
sappetites.”可知答案应为C。
3.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。
根据文章最后一句“Soifyouwanttoloseweight,usingbluebowlsandplatesmaybehelpful.”可知答案应为A。
4.【答案】C
由文章最后一段中的“Thatiswhysomeshoppingwebsitesalwayshavered‘BUYNOW’buttons.”可知应选C。
5.【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。
根据第一段中的“Doyouwanttoknowthesecretsofcolors?
Justreadon.”可知文章是围绕“Thesecretsofcolors”展开的,故D项为最佳标题。
二
Youmayknowabout“junkfood”likeFrenchfries.Butdoyouknowabout“junksleep”?
Recently,aBritishsurveyfoundthatelectronicproductsinteenagers’bedroomsarehavingabadinfluenceontheirsleep.
Thesurveywasdoneamong1,000Britishkidsfrom12to16.Itfoundthatfiftypercentofthemgotjust4to7hours’sleepeveryday.Butdoctorssaytheyneed8to9hours.
AlmostaquarterofthekidssaidtheyfellasleepmorethanonceaweekwhilewatchingTV,listeningtomusicorusingelectronicproducts.
“Thisisveryworrying,”saidDrChrisIdzikowski,aBritishprofessor.“Wecallit‘junksleep’.Itmeansyoudon
tgetenoughsleepandthequality(质量)ofthesleepisbad,too.Ifyoudon
tgetagoodrest,youcan
tperformwellinschoolthenextday.”
Thesurveyfoundthatquiteafewofthekidsfelttiredeachday,withgirlsbetween13and16feelingtheworst.Nearlyalltheteenagershaveaphone,anMP5oraTVintheirbedrooms.Andlotsofthemhaveallthethree.
1.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?
A.Junkfood.B.Junksleep.
C.Electronicproducts.D.Theimportanceofsleep.
2. ofthechildreninthesurveysleeponly4to7hoursaday.
A.200B.250C.500D.1,000
3.“Junkfood”and“junksleep”aresimilartoeachotherinthewaythat .
A.theyarebothlowinqualityB.theyarebothneededinourlife
C.theyarebothenjoyedonweekendsD.theyarebothnecessaryforpeople’shealth
4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Teenagersneed4to7hoursofsleepeachday.
B.Fewoftheteenagershaveelectronicproductsintheirbedrooms.
C.Teenagersspendtoomuchtimeonelectronicproducts.
D.Girlsbetween15and16spendtheleasttimeonelectronicproducts.
5.Whichshouldbethebestchoicetosolvetheproblem?
A.Parentsmusttaketheelectronicproductsawayfromtheirchildren.
B.Parentspreventtheteenagersfromusinganyelectronicproduct.
C.Teenagersshouldmakearuletospendlesstimeontheelectronicproducts.
D.Teenagersshouldmakeadecisionnottousetheelectronicproductsatschool.
由第一段第二句和整篇文章内容可知,全文是在讲“垃圾睡眠”。
由第三段第一、二句可知,1,000的50%是500。
“垃圾睡眠”像“垃圾食品”一样属于低质量的。
倒数第二段倒数第二句提到了。
由第二段和第三段可知。
5.【答案】C
A、B项太绝对,D项说的是在学校不用,都不符合文意,C项说的是制定规则,少花时间用电子产品,比较合理。
三
Whatshouldyoudoifthere’sanearthquakeatschool?
Howcanyouprotectyourselfwhenyouarecaughtinastampede(踩踏)?
March25thisyearprovidesyouwithagoodchancetolearnaboutsafety.
ThisdayiscalledtheNationalDayofEducationontheSafetyofElementaryandMiddleSchoolStudents(NDESEMSS)(全国中小学生安全教育日).Thethemeofthedaythisyearistogivestudentsmoreknowledgeaboutsafetyandmakesuretheirlivesaresafe.
AsurveydonebytheChinaYouthandChildrenResearchCentershowedthatschoolaccidentskillmoreelementaryandmiddleschoolstudentsthananythingelse.Themainaccidentscomefromstampedes,earthquakes,firesandsportsinjuries(伤害).
Whatcanwedotokeepourselvessafe?
Stayingcalm(镇静)isthefirstandmostimportantrulewhenfacingaccidents.Butdifferentaccidentshavedifferentself-protectionadvice.
Astampedeispossibleanywhere.Thelargerahumancrowdgets,themorelikelystampedesbecome.Whenstudentsaroundyoubegintopush,standstillandtrytoholdontosomething,orstayinacorneruntilthecrowdleaves.Ifyoufalldowninamovingcrowd,coveryourheadwithbothhands.
Earthquakesarecommonnaturaldisasters(灾难).Whenyoufeelthegroundshake,dropdown,takecoverunderadeskandholdon.Youshouldstayindoorsuntiltheshakingstops.Ifyouareoutdoors,don
tstaynearbuildings,treesorpowerlines.
Whenthere’safire,followtheteachers’instructions,leavetheclassroomquicklyanduseapieceofclothtocoveryourmouthandnosesothatyoudon’tbreatheinsmoke.
1.What’sthethemeofNDESEMSSthisyear?
A.Togivestudentsmoreknowledgeaboutaccidentsandmakethem
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- CD 阅读 学年 中考 知识 解题 技巧 新目标 解析