大学英语四级阅读 2Word文件下载.docx
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大学英语四级阅读 2Word文件下载.docx
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findafunnel(漏斗),soImadeaconewithwaxpaper.
Myguestsapplauded.Howwonderfulifwecouldallbethatclever,oneremarked.
Adecadeofresearchhasconvincedmewecan.WhatseparatestheaveragepersonfromEdison,Picasso
orevenShakespeareisn'
tcreativecapacity--it'
stheabilitytousethatcapacitybyencouraging
creativeimpulsesandthenactinguponthem.Mostofusseldomachieveourcreativepotential.
IthinkIknowwhy,andIcanhelpunlockthereservoirofideashidingwithineveryoneofus.
OnepuzzleI'
vewatchedstudentsdealwithisretrievingaPing-Pongballthathasfallentothe
bottomofasealed,verticaldrainpipe.Thetoolsthattheycanuseareeithertooshorttoreach
theballortoowidetofitintothepipe,whichisalsotoonarrowtoreachintobyhand.At
lastsomestudentsmaketheconnection:
drainpipe=water=floating.Theypourwaterdownthehole,
andtheballfloatstothetop.
Thisandmanyotherexperimentssuggestconcretewaysofincreasingcreativityinallofus.Here
arethebesttechniques.
Capturethefleeting.Agoodideaislikearabbit.Itrunsbysofastthatsometimesyousee
onlyitsearsortail.Tocaptureit,youmustbeready.Creativepeoplearealwaysreadytoact,
andthatmayhatheonlydifferencebetweenusandthem.
PoetAmyLowellwroteoftheurgencywithwhichshecapturednewideas,Whatever1amdoing,
Ilayitasideandattendtothearrivingpoem,shewrote.Likemanyotherwriters,Lowellsought
paperandpencilwhenshesawagoodideacoming.Ienternewideasintoapocketcomputer.
Anything--evenanapkin--windo.
Inalettertoafriendin1821,LudwigvanBeethoventalkedabouthowhethoughtofabeautiful
tunewhiledozingincarriage.ButscarcelydidIawakewhenawayflewthetune,hewrote,and
Icouldnotrecallanypartofit.'
Fortunately--forBeethovenandforus--thenextdayinthe
samecarriage,thetunecamebacktohim,andthistimehecaptureditinwriting.
Whenagoodideacomesyourway,writeitdown--onyourarmifnecessary.Noteveryideawill
havevalue,ofcourse.Thepointistocapturefirstandevaluatethemlater.
Daydream.SurrealistDaliusedtolieonasofa,holdingaspoon.Justashebegantofallasleep.
Daliwoulddropthespoonontoaplateonthefloor.Thesoundshockedhimawake,andhewould
immediatelysketchtheimageshehadseeninhismindinthatfertileworldofsemi-sleep.
Everyoneexperiencesthisstrangestate,andeveryonecantakeadvantageofit.TryDali'
strick,
orjustallowyourselftodaydream.Formany,thehreeb'
s--bed,bathandbus--areproductive.
There,andanywhereelseyoucanbewithyourthoughtsundisturbed,you'
llfindthatideasemerging
freely.
Seekchallenges.Whenyou'
restuckbehindalockeddoor,everybehaviorthat'
severgottenyou
freeturnsupquickly:
youmaypushorpullontheknob,bangthedoor--evenshoutforhelp.
Scientistscalltherehappeningofoldbehaviorsinachallengingsituationresurgence.Themore
likely
moretheandinterconnections,possibleofnumberthegreaterthereappear,thatbehaviors
thatnewideaswilloccur.
Tryinvitingfriendsandbusinessassociationsfromdifferentareasofyourlifetoaparty.Bring
peopleoftwoorthreegenerationstogether.Thiswillgetyouthinkinginnewways.
EdwinLand,oneofAmerica'
smostprolificinventors,saidthattheideathatledtohisinvention
ofthePolaroidcameracamefromhisthree-year-olddaughter.OnavisittoSantaFein1943,
sheaskedwhyshecouldn'
tseethepicturehehadjusttaken.Duringthenexthour,asLandwalked
aroundSantaFe,allhehadlearnedaboutchemistrycametogether,withamazingresults.Said
Land,Thecameraandthefilmbecamecleartome.InmymindtheyweresorealthatIspentseveral
hoursdescribingthem.
Putnewandcrazyitems--likekid'
stoys--onyourdesk.Turnpicturesupsidedownorsideways.
Themoredetersivethestimulationswereceive,themorerapidlythemindproducesnewideas.
Expandyourworld.Manydiscoveriesinsciences,engineeringandtheartsmixideasfromdifferent
fields.ConsiderTheTwo-StringProblem.Twowidelyseparatedstringshangfromaceiling.Even
thoughyoucan'
treachbothatonce,isitpossibletotietheirendstogether,usingonlyapair
ofpliers?
Onecollegestudentfoundthesolutionalmostimmediately.Hetiedtheplierstoonestringand
setitinmotionlikeapendulum(钟摆).Asitswungbackandforth,hewalkedquicklytothe
otherstringanddrewitasfarforwardasitwouldreach.Thenhecaughttheswingingstring
whenitpassednearhimandtiedthetwoends.
Askedhowhehadsolvedtheproblem,thestudentexplainedhehadjustcomefromaphysicsclass
onpendulummotion.Whathehadlearnedinonecontexttransferredtoacompletelydifferentone.
Thisprincipleworksoutsidethelabaswell.Toenhanceyourcreativity,learnsomethingnew.
Ifyou'
reabanker,takeuptapdancing.Ifyou'
reanurse,tryacourseinmythology.Reada
bookonasubjectyouknowlittleabout.Changeyourdailynewspaper.Thenewwillinterconnect
withtheoldinnovelandpotentiallyfascinatingways.Becomingmorecreativeisreallyjust
amatterofpayingattentiontothatendlessflowofideasyouproduce,andlearningtocapture
andactuponthenewthat'
swithinyou.
(分数:
(1).Theauthorbelievesthatthosewhohavecreativecapacityareusuallygreatfigures.(分数:
1.00)
填空项1:
__________________(正确答案:
N)
解析:
由题干中的关键词creativecapacity定位到文章第四段第二句:
Whatseparatestheaverageperson
fromEdison,PicassoorevenShakespeareisn'
stheabilitytousethat
capacitybyencouragingcreativeimpulsesandthenactinguponthem,作者认为普通人也有创造力,与题目意思不同。
由此得出题目说法错误。
(2).TheexampleofthestudentsgettingthePing-Pongballprovesthatstudentsaremorecreative
thanaveragepeople.(分数:
由题干中的关键词Ping-Pongball定位到文章第五段,再根据第六段首句Thisandmanyother
experimentssuggestconcretewaysofincreasingcreativityinallofus可知,作者认为人们同样有创造力,与题目意思不同,由此得出题目说法错误。
(3).TheexamplesofAmyLowellandBeethoventellusthatweshouldwritedownagoodidea
immediatelyasitmayeasilydisappear.(分数:
Y)
由题于中的关键词AmyLowell和Beethoven定位到第一个小标题的末段:
Whensgoodideacomes
yourway,writeitdown--onyourarmifnecessary.Noteveryideawillhavevalue,ofcourse.The
pointistocapturefirstandevaluatethemlater。
题目是原文的同义替换,由此得出题目说法正确。
(4).Daydreamingcanbeagoodwayofrealizingone'
screativepotential.(分数:
)Y(正确答案:
1:
__________________填空项.
由题干中的关键词daydreaming定位到第二个小标题第二段首尾两句:
Everyoneexperiencesthis
strangestate,andeveryonecantakeadvantageofit...There,andanywhereelseyoucanbe
withyourthoughtsundisturbed,you'
llfindthatideasemergingfreely,题目是原文的同义替换,由此得出题目说法正确。
(5).Peoplefacingchallengesareunlikelytoachievecreativeideas.(分数:
由题于中的关键词peoplefacingchallenges定位到第三个小标题末段末句:
Themoredetersive
thestimulationswereceive,themorerapidlythemindproducesnewideas,题目认为面对挑战的人不可能产生创造性的想法,与原文不同,由此得出题目说法错误。
(6).SalvadorDaliisafamoussurrealistpainter,whoseworksarehighlycontroversialfromthe
modernismorevenpost-modernismperspective.(分数:
NG)
由题干中的关键词Dali定位到第二个小标题首段,但题目巾的内容在文章中并未提及。
(7).Toenhancecreativity,peopleshouldalwayslearnsomethingnew.(分数:
由题干中的关键词enhancetheircreativity定位到文章末段第二句:
Toenhanceyourcreativity,
learnsomethingnew,与题目意思相同,由此得出题目说法正确。
(8).ThesuccessofEdison,PicassoorevenShakespeareliesontheirabilitytoratherthanmere
creativecapacity.(分数:
encouragecreativeimpulsesandthen(to)actuponthem)
由题干中的关键词Edison,PicassoorevenShakespeare定位到文章第四段第二句:
Whatseparates
theaveragepersonfromEdison,PicassoorevenShakespeareisn'
sthe
abilitytousethatcapacitybyencouragingcreativeimpulsesandthenactinguponthem,由此得出答案。
(9).Theauthorbelievesthatmanydiscoveriesinscience,engineeringandtheartsmixideasfrom
______.(分数:
differentfields)
由题干中的关键词discoveriesinscience,engineeringandthearts定位到第四个小标题下面首段首句:
Manydiscoveriesinsciences,engineeringandtheartsmixideasfromdifferentfields,由此得出答案。
(10).Learntobemorecreativeisjustamatteroffocusingontheendlessflowofideasyouproduce,
andlearningto______thenewthat'
swithinyou.(分数:
captureandactupon)
由题干中的关键词bemorecreative定位到文章尾句:
Becomingmorecreativeisreallyjusta
matterofpayingattentiontothatendlessflowofideasyouproduce,andlearningtocapture
swithinyou,由此得出答案。
二、{{B}}强化训练二{{/B}}(总题数:
{{B}}ACoolerPlanet{{/B}}
Scientistsarecookingupsolutionsbasedoncurrenttechnologythattheysaytheycould
dramaticallyturndowntheheatofglobalwarmingoverthenext50years.
Innovationssuchascheaperwindpower,gas-electrichybridan
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