完整word版研究生英语听说教程第三版听力原文Word文档格式.docx
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完整word版研究生英语听说教程第三版听力原文Word文档格式.docx
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spositive.Acomplimentisalwaysagoodicebreakerandwillusuallybeappreciated.Anynewseventisagoodicebreaker.Thefactis,anyopeninglinewilldo,aslongasit'
snotnegative,andaslongasit'
snotalie.Thebestwaytoenticeapersontohaveaconversationwithyouisbybeingsincereandrespectful,andlettingthemknowthatyouareinterestedintalkingtothem.
Onceyou'
vegotaconversationgoing,thebestwaytokeepitgoingisbyaskingtheotherpersonquestionsthatdon'
trequirejustayesornoanswer.Askquestionssimilartothoseareportermightasktodrawapersonout;
who,what,when,where,whyandhowquestions.Youkeepaskingquestionsbasedonthelastthingapersonsays.Thisiscalledthe"
elaborationtechnique"
.Onceyouhitonsomethingyoufindinteresting,keepaskingquestionsinordertogetthepersontoelaborateaboutthetopicasmuchaspossible.Agoodconversationalistelaboratesontheexperiencesthey'
vehad.Insteadofsayingthepartywasfun,tellwhyitwasfun.Describewhyyouhadagoodtime—whowasthere,whathappened,whereitwas,andhowpeoplearrangedtheparty.Gointodetail.Descriptionisthebestformofcommunicationbecauseitkeepspeople'
sinterestupandstimulatesthem.
Ifyoustartedaconversationwithanotherperson,andyou'
rehavingdifficultyendingit,thereareseveralsignalsyoucansendtotheotherpersonthatwillbringtheconversationtoitsclosewithouthurtinganyone'
sfeelings.
Breakingeyecontactisadiscreetsignalthattheconversationisabouttoend.Anotherwaytosignalistousetransitionwordslikewell,oratanyrate.Youmaywanttorecapallthatwassaid.Whateveryoudo,don'
tlietotheotherperson.Ifyou'
renotinterestedintalkingtothemagain,don'
tmentionthepossibilityofafuturemeetingjusttobepolite.That'
shypocritical.Instead,youmaywanttosay,"
Nicemeetingyou."
Andthen,leave.
Finally,besuretogivetheotherpersonagood,firmhandshake.Thefinalimpressionyoumakecanbejustasimportantastheinitialoneyoumade.
UINT3SECTIONB
FirstStory
MyhusbandandImetinhighschool.Duringoursenioryear,westudiesbiologytogether.Wetalkedandlaughedalotduringclass.OneFriday,weJokedthatweshouldgoonadatethatnight.Atfirst,Ididn'
tknowifhewasserious.Hedidn'
tknowifIwasjoking.ThatnightIputonanewdressandwaited.Hehadamoredifficulttime.HehadtoknockonthedoorwithoutknowingifIwouldbereadyornot.Butheknocked,andIwasready!
Thatwasourfirstdate.Thisyear,wecelebratedourfortiethweddinganniversary'
SecondStory
MyhusbandandImetonedayatanairport.ItwasChristmasday.IwaspickingupmyfriendBernd.HewascomingfromGermanytospendtheholidayswithmyfamily.Whilewewerewaitingforhisluggage,IheardamanspeakinginItalian.IdecidedtosaysomethingtohimbecauseIspeakItalian.Isaid,"
BuonNatale"
whichmeans,"
MerryChristmas!
"
WhenIspokeinItalian,hesaid,"
Mamamia!
WhydoyouspeakItalian?
Whoareyou?
Heaskedmeformyphonenumber.Hecalledmethenextday,andwedatedforayear.Thenwegotmarried.Sobecarefulwhoyoutalktointheairport!
ThirdStory
MywifeandImetthroughourparents.Ourparentsarrangedourmarriage.Beforewegotmarried,mywifeandIwantedtomeet.Ourparentsarrangedourfirstmeetinginarestaurant.Thatnight,wetalkedaboutourselvesandwhatwewantedinourlives.Wetalkedforhours.Wesharedourhopesanddreams.Afterawhile,wedecidedthatourparentswereright!
Andwegotmarried.
FourthStory
Mywifeand1metthroughamatchmaker.I'
manengineer,andinmyfield,mostpeoplearemen.Icouldn'
tmeetanywomenatwork.SoonedayIsawanadvertisementforamatchmakingservice,andIdecidedtocall.Thematchmakerintroducedmetomanynicewomen.Ienjoyedmeetingthem,butIdidn'
tmeetanyoneIwantedtomarry.Finally,sheintroducedmetomywife.IdecidednottodateanyotherwomenbecauseIlikedherverymuch.Weenjoyedthesamethings,andwelaughedalottogether.Wealsohadthesamegoalsandvaluesinlife.MywifeandIweremarriedsixyearsago,andnowwehavetwochildren.I'
mgladIpickedupthephoneandcalledthatmatchmaker!
UINT3SECTIONC
AmongmarriedcouplesintheU.S.,onefindsawiderangeoflivingpatterns.Someoldercouplesstillhavetraditionalmarriages,withthemanasbreadwinnerandthewomanashomemaker.Butmostyoungerwomentodayarenotcontenttobefull-timehomemakers.Thewomen'
sliberationmovement,whichsweptthecountryinthe1960s,changedattitudesandbehaviorforever.Today'
syoungAmericanwomanwantsmarriage,butshealsowantsherownidentity.Shewantswhatmenhavealwayshad—amarriagethatisimportantbutstillallowstimetopursueindividualgoals.ThemaJorityofAmericanwives,eventhosewithchildren,workoutsidethehome-Asaresult,theolderideathathousework,cooking,andchildcareare"
women'
swork"
isbeingdiscarded.InthecontemporaryAmericanmarriage,thehusbandandwifesharebothfinancialanddomesticresponsibilities.
Sharingmoney-makingandhousekeepingresponsibilitiesprovidesabetterlifeforthefamily.Ofcourse,problemscandevelopinthetwo-incomefamilyifthehusbandexpectshisworkingwifetobetheperfecthomemakerthathisstay-at-homemotherwas-Also,theremaybeargumentsifthewifeexpectsherhusbandtohelpwithhouseholdchores,butheisunwillingtodoso.Inmostfamilies,theworkingwifeprobablystillhandlesthelargestshareofthehousework,cooking,andchildcare.butshegetssomehelpfromherhusband.
ThecontemporaryAmericanmarriageisalsocharacterizedbyarelationshipofequalityandshareddecisionmaking.MostAmericanwomentodaywillnottolerateahusbandwhoconsidershimselftheboss.TheAmericangirlisgivenfreedomandeducationequaltoaboy'
s.Aftercompletinghereducation,sheisabletogetajobandsupportherself.Shedoesnotneedtomarryforfinancialsecurity.Sheisself-sufficientandwillnotacceptasubmissiveroleinmarriage.Whenhusbandandwifeareabletosharedecisionmakingandrespecteachother'
sviewpoints,theirmarriageisprobablycloserthanthoseofpastgenerations.Whentheybattlefordominance,they'
relikelytoendupindivorcecourt.
UINT4SECTIONB
“Ringouttheold,ringinthenew,”wroteAlfred,LordTennyson,thenineteenth-centuryEnglishpoet.Andthat'
sexactlywhatAmericansdoeveryDecember31.NewYear'
sEveisatimefornoiseandfun-Athomeorinrestaurants,mostAmericansdrinkanddinewithfriends-AtmidnightonNewYear'
sEve,bellsring,hornsblow,andfriendstoasteachotherwithchampagne.It'
salsocustomarytoexchangekisses.NewYear'
sEvefestivitiesoftencontinueuntiltwoorthreeo'
clockinthemorning.Manypeopletravelfromonepartytoanothertocelebratewithseveraldifferentgroupsoffriends
Thecountry'
smostcrowdedNewYear'
sEvecelebrationtakesplaceinNewYorkCity'
sTimesSquare.Since1907,thefamousball-loweringceremonyhasbeenaholidayhighlight.Tocelebratethearrivaloftheyear2000,anestimated2millionpeoplecrowdedintoTimesSquare,andhundredsofmillionviewedthesceneonTVThehuge,1,070-poundlightedcrystalballbeganitsdescentfroma77-footflagpoleat11:
59p.m.andreachedthebottomatexactlymidnight.Simultaneously,confetti,balloons,andfireworksbrightenedthenightsky.Itwasthebiggestpubliceventeverheldinthecity.
WhatdoAmericansdoonNewYear'
sDay?
Manysleeplatebecausetheystayedupallnightlong.ManywatchTVwhichoffersspectacularparadesandfootballgamesbetweenchampioncollegeteams.Fromancienttimestothepresent.NewYear'
scustomshavebeenconnectedwithsayinggood-byetothepastandlookingforwardtoabetterfuture.Therefore,NewYear'
sDayofteninspirespeopletostartnewprogramsandgiveupbadhabits.SomepeoplemakeNewYear'
sresolutions.Peopletalkabout"
turningoveranewleaf"
referringtoaclean,blankpageorafreshstart.TypicalNewYear'
sresolutionsaretospendlessmoney,giveupsmoking,beginadiet,orbenicertoothers.It'
ssafetoassumethatabouthalfofthemareforgottenbyJanuary31'
UINT4SECTIONC
Itwasacoolautumnevening.Mrs.Brownwassittinginherlivingroom,reading.Suddenly,therewasaloudknockonherdoor,thentwoorthreemoreknocks.Mrs.Brownputthesafetychainonherdoor.Thensheopenedthedooralittleandlookedout.Therestoodthreechildrenwearingmasksandcostumes.Whentheysawher,theyallshouted,"
Trickortreat!
Moneyoreats!
Mrs,Browndroppedacandybarintoeachchild'
sbag.
Thanksforthecandy,"
shoutedthechildrenastheyranofftoringanotherdoorbell-
You'
rewelcome,"
saidMrs.Brown."
Havefun,anddon'
tplayanypranks."
EveryyearonOctober31.HalloweensceneslikethisoccurthroughouttheUSA.Americanchildrenlovetodressupincostumesandgotrick-or-treating.Ifanadultrefusestosupplyatreat—candy,cookies,fruit,ormoney—thechildrenmayplayatrick.TypicalHalloweenpranksaresoapingwindows,writingondoorswithcrayons,overturning
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