研究生基础综合听力Word文件下载.docx
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研究生基础综合听力Word文件下载.docx
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Mr.Unz.Whydoyoubelievethatbilingualeducationshouldbescrapped?
RonUnz:
Well,theoverwhelmingpracticalevidenceisthatbilingualeducationhasfailedoneverylargescalecasethat’sbeentriedintheUnitedStates,inparticularinCalifornia.TheoriginsofthisinitiativewasthecaselastyearofalotofimmigrantLatinoparentsindowntownLA,whohadtobeginapublicboycottoftheirlocalelementaryschooltotrytoforcetheschooltogivetheirchildrentherighttobetaughtEnglish,whichtheschoolwasdenying.AndIthinkthatreallyopenedmyeyestothecurrentstateoftheprograminCalifornia,wherethestatisticsaredreadful.
Mr.Lyons.
JaniesLyons:
Itisnotthecasethatbilingualeducationisfailingchildren.Therearepoorbilingualeducationprograms,justastherearepoorprogramsofeverytypeinourschoolstoday.Butbilingualeducationhasmadeitpossibleforchildrentohavecontinuousdevelopmentintheirnativelanguage,whilethey'
reintheprocessoflearningEnglish,somethingthatdoesn'
thappenovernight,andit’smadeitpossibleforchildrentolearnmathandscienceatarateequaltoEnglish-speakingchildrenwhilethey’reintheprocessofacquiringEnglish.
Mr.Unz,whataboutthatpoint—forthesechildrenwhodon'
tspeakEnglishwelltheywillfallbehindinthebasicsubjectsiftheycan'
tbetaughtthoseinSpanish,orwhateverlanguage?
Ishouldn’tsayjustSpanish,butwhatevertheirfamily’slanguageis.
That’saveryreasonablepoint.Andtotheextentthatwe’retalkingaboutolderchildren.14or15yearoldswhocometotheUnitedStates,don'
tknowanyEnglishandareputinthepublicschoolsIthinkaveryreasonablecasecanbemadeforbilingualeducation.Idon’tknowifit’scorrect,butatleastyoucanmakeacaseforit.Butmostofthechildrenwe'
retalkingaboutenterCaliforniaorAmericapublicschoolswhenthey’refiveorsixorseven.Attheageoffiveyearsold,theonlyacademicsubjectsachildisreallydoingisdrawingwithcrayonsorcuttingand,youknow,withpaperandthattypeofthing.Andatthatagechildrencanlearnanotherlanguagesoquicklyandeasilythattheonlyreasonablethingtodoistoputtheminaprogramwherethey'
retaughtEnglishasrapidlyaspossibleandthenputintothemainstreamclasseswiththeotherchildrensotheycanmoveforwardacademically.
Thereissomethingtothatpoint,isn’tthere,Mr.Lyons,thatveryyoungchildrendoabsorblanguagesveryquickly?
JamesLyons:
Theyabsorbcertainfacetsoflanguageveryquickly.TheylearntospeakinanunaccentedformlikeanativeEnglishspeaker.Buttheresearchshowsthatactuallyadultsaremuchmoreefficientandquickerlanguagelearnersthanchildrenbecausethey'
reworkingfromabroaderlinguisticbase,agreaterconceptualbase.IreallytakeobjectiontowhatMr.Unzissayingthatchildrenattheageoffive,six,andsevenareonlycoloringandcuttingoutpaper.Thatisn'
tgoingtoleadtothehighstandards.
Ann:
Doyoufindthere’smuchopportunity...todootherthings,besidesstudying,duringterm-time?
Imean,ifyouhavea,averyacademiccourse,yousaythesociallifeisgood,butyoumightnotalwayshavetimeto,er,enjoyit,ifyou...havealot...
Ian:
Notbeingaveryacademiccourse,Iwouldn’tknow.
Howaboutyou,Tony?
Tony:
Isuppose...abusinesscourseisn’tparticularlyacademic,ifyoulike,but,er,Icertainlyfindquiteenoughtimetodonewspapersand...allIwanttodoonthesocialside.[Yes]Gotodancesandso,on.
Butthenyouworktillfiveinthemorning,don’tyou?
[Laughter]
Let’snotbringpersonalitiesintothis!
D'
youthinkthatalotofstudents,areinterestedinproducingthingslikenewspapersandplaysandwritingpoetry?
No,butalotofstudentsliketohavethosethingsandafewstudentsliketodothem.Thisiswhy,Imeanifyouhad—outofacollegeof,whatisit,fifteenhundredstudents—ifyouhadfivehundredstudentsgoingalongtotheDramaClubonthefirstweekofterm...theytryandmounttwoproductionsoutoffivehundredpeople.It’dbeabsolutelyimpossible.Yet,therearethose,thesufficientpeopletosee,whatisit,twenty,thirtypeople,doingthoseproductions.It’sthesamewiththenewspaper.
Yes.Buterm,Ithinkthisisbecausemorestudentshaven’tgottheconfidencetoshowtheworktheydo.Ithinkalotofstudentswritethingsandpaint,inthebackground,andjustdon’tliketoer...
Er,Ithink,Ithinkmyself,they’rejustnotinterested,in[Youdon’]sortoftakingpartinjointefforts.Theypreferjusttoerm,well,theymightwritepoetryontheirownorsomething,buttheywereaskedtowritesomethingforanewspaper,theywo
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