equalopportunityWord格式.docx
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equalopportunityWord格式.docx
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SectionOnePre-readingActivity
I.Brainstorming
Workingroupoffour.Discussandwritedownthewordsorexpressionsthatoccurtoyouwhenyouhearoneofyourfriendsisgoingtobemarried.
e.g.engagement;
legitimateageformarriage;
doubleringexchangeceremony…
II.PairWork
Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.
1.Whatoccurstoyouwhenyouhearofapersonbeingaspinsterorabachelor?
2.AreanychangestakingplaceconcerningtheattitudesofChineseyoungpeopletowardsmarriage?
3.Whichwouldyoupreferforthetimebeing,asingledormarriedlifestyle?
4.Whatwouldyourrelativesandfriendssayifyouweresingleatage40,oratage50?
5.Whichkindoflifestyleis“normal”,marriedorsolitary?
SectionTwoReadingMaterial
TheNewSingles
CarlaPower
IncreasingnumbersofNorthernEuropeansarechoosingtolivealone
Youknowthetype.EleanorRigby,whopicksupthericeinthechurchwheretheweddinghasbeen.AustinPowers,proudownerofaLavalamp,lushchesthairandanequal-opportunitylibido.BridgetJones,ofthewobblyegoandmuch-watchedansweringmachine.TheSingle,longastockfigureinstories,songsandpersonalads,wastraditionallysomeoneatthemarginsofsociety:
afigureoffun,pityorawe.
Thosedaysaregone.IntheplaceofwitheredspinstersandbachelorsarepeoplelikeElizabethdeKergorlay,a29-year-oldParisianbankerwhoviewsherindependenceandherownapartmentasthespoilsofprofessionalsuccess.ScootingaroundParisinherGolfGTI,onehandonthewheelandtheotherclutchinghercellphone,deKergorlaypausesbetweencallstoraveaboutlifealone.“I’mnotantisocial,”shesays.“Ilovepeople.Butlivingalonegivesmethetimeandspaceforself-reflection.I’vegotthechoiceandtheprivacytogrowasahumanbeing.”
Asthesageswouldsay,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoataneverearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalmeditations,butafactofEurope’sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbydemographers,real-estatedevelopersandadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyles,observesFrenchsociologistJean-ClaudeKaufmann,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overthelastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolution,theshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavewreakedhavoconEuropeans’privatelives.Moreandmoreofthemareremainingontheirown:
they’relivinglonger,divorcingmoreandmarryinglater—ifatall.Britishmarriageratesarethelowestin160yearsofrecords.INSEE,France’sNationalInstituteofStatistics,reportsthatthenumberofFrenchpeoplelivingalonedoubledbetween1968and1990.
Thehome-alonephenomenonremainsanurbanandaNorthernEuropeantrend:
peoplewholiveinruralareas—aswellasSpaniards,GreeksandIrish—tendtosticktofamilies.Bycontrast,Scandinavians,DutchandGermansliketolivealone:
40percentofallSwedeslivealone,asdosevenmillionBritons—threetimesasmanyas40yearsago.Accordingtotherecentreport“Britainin2010”byRichardScase,professoroforganizationalbehaviorattheUniversityofKent,single-personhouseholdswilloutnumberfamiliesandcoupleswithinadecade.InLondon’stonierneighborhoodslikeKensingtonandChelsea,abouthalfofallhouseholdsarepeoplelivingalone.InGermanythisyear,56-year-olddivorceeBerndKlosterfeldeproducedaCDcalled“AloneNoMore.”Featuring15tracksofhouseholdnoiseswithtitleslike“NothingonTV;
AtLeasttheChipsAreGood”and“TheFridgeIsFinallyFullAgain,”itpromisespeoplewholivealone“62minutesoftogetherness.”
Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmerican-stylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today’stech-savvyworkershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModernEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.ArecentpollbytheInstituteFrancaisd’OpinionPublique,theFrenchaffiliateoftheGalluppoll,foundthat58percentofFrenchrespondentsviewedlivingaloneasachoice,notanobligation.OtherEuropeansinglesagree.“I’vealwayswantedtobefreetogoonadventures,”saysIrisEppendorf,wholivesbyherselfinBerlin.“Ihatedreary,boring,bourgeoisliving—it’snotinteresting.”
Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage—twenty-somethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularly
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