Java数据结构与集合类Word文档格式.docx

Java数据结构与集合类Word文档格式.docx

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∙InterfacesandtheirimplementationsinJava1.2

Collection

|

|__Set（nodupes,nullallowedbasedonimplementation）HashSet

||

||__SortedSet（OrderedSet）TreeSet

|__List（orderedcollection,dupesOK）Vector,ArrayList,LinkedList

Map（key-valuepairs,nullallowedbasedonimplementation）HashTable,HashMap

|

|__SortedMap（OrderedMap）TreeMap

Interface

Description

Abasicinterfacethatdefinestheoperationsthatalltheclassesthatmaintaincollectionsofobjectstypicallyimplement.

Set

ExtendsCollection,setsthatmaintainuniqueelements.Setinterfaceisdefinedintermsoftheequalsoperation

SortedSet

ExtendsSet,maintaintheelementsinasortedorder

List

ExtendsCollection,maintainelementsinasequentialorder,duplicatesallowed.

Map

Abasicinterfacethatdefinesoperationsthatclassesthatrepresentmappingsofkeystovaluestypicallyimplement

SortedMap

ExtendsMapformapsthatmaintaintheirmappingsinkeyorder.

∙Classesthatimplementtheinterfacesusedifferentstoragemechanisms.

1.Arrays

Indexedaccessisfaster.Makesinsertion,deletionandgrowingthestoremoredifficult.

2.LinkedList

Supportsinsertion,deletionandgrowingthestore.Butindexedaccessisslower.

3.Tree

Supportsinsertion,deletionandgrowingthestore.Indexedaccessisslower.Butsearchingisfaster.

4.Hashing

However,requirestheuseofuniquekeysforstoringdataelements.

DataStructures

Interfaces

HashTable

HashSet

HashMap

HashTable

ResizableArray

ArrayList

Vector

BalancedTree

TreeSet

TreeMap

LinkedList

LinkedList

Someoftheoperationsinthecollectioninterfacesareoptional,meaningthattheimplementingclassmaychoosenottoprovideaproperimplementationofsuchanoperation.Insuchacase,anUnsupportedOperationExceptionisthrownwhenthatoperationisinvoked.

Methods

BasicOperations

intsize（）;

booleanisEmpty（）;

booleancontains（Objectelement）;

booleanadd（Objectelement）;

booleanremove（Objectelement）;

Usedtoqueryacollectionaboutitscontents,andadd/removeelements.

Theadd（）andremove（）methodsreturntrueifthecollectionwasmodifiedasaresultoftheoperation.Thecontains（）methodchecksformembership.

BulkOperations

booleancontainsAll（Collectionc）;

booleanaddAll（Collectionc）;

booleanremoveAll（Collectionc）;

booleanretainAll（Collectionc）;

voidclear（）;

Performonacollectionasasingleunit.

Operationsareequivalentofsetlogiconarbitrarycollections（notjustsets）.TheaddAll（）,removeAll（）,clear（）andretainAll（）methodsaredestructive.

ArrayOperations

Object[]toArray（）;

Object[]toArray（Objecta[]）;

ThesemethodscombinedwithArrays.asList（）methodprovidethebridgebetweenarraysandcollections.

Iterators

Iteratoriterator（）;

Iteratorisaninterfacewhichhasthesemethods.

booleanhasNext（）;

Objectnext（）;

voidremove（）;

Returnsaniterator,toiteratethecollection.

Theremove（）methodistheonlyrecommendedwaytoremoveelementsfromacollectionduringtheiteration.

Nonewmethodsdefined.

Theadd（）methodreturnsfalse,iftheelementisalreadyintheSet.Noexceptionsarethrown.

ElementAccessbyIndex

Objectget（intindex）;

Objectset（intindex,O