外文文献及翻译格式模版Word文档下载推荐.docx
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外文文献及翻译格式模版Word文档下载推荐.docx
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文献、资料发表(出版)日期:
2012,2
院(部):
信息与电气工程学院
专业:
电气工程与自动化
班级:
电气084
******
学号:
**********
*******
翻译日期:
2012、2、29
外文文献:
INTELLIGENTBUILDING
BACKGROUNDOFTHEINVENTION
Thisinventionrelatestoan
intelligent
alarmsystemfor
5
detectinghazardoussituationsina
buildinginforming
building
occupantsofoptimalescaperoutesorsurvivalstrategiesandassistingemergencypersonnelinrescuingpeopleinsidethe
building。
Building
hazards,includingfire,earthquakes,intruders,etc.,havethepotentialforlarge
numbersofcasualties.Effective
alarmsystemsmusthavethecapabilitytoprocessapluralityofinputtypestodeterminethenatureofthesituationinvolvingdangertopersonsinthebuilding.
The
alarmsystemmustalsohavemorethansimpleaudio/visualoutputsforhelping
peopleinthe
findsafeescaperoutes.
Useoftheterm
inthisinventionreferstoanystructureincluding,butnotlimitedto,officebuildings,commercialbuildings,factory/warehouses,residentialhomes,etc.Aspectsof
alarmsystemsaredescribed
20
in,U.S。
Pat。
Nos。
3,686,434;
4,511,886;
3,634,846;
4,614,968;
4,775,853;
5,267,180;
5,281,951,eachofwhichisincorporatedhereinbyreference.
Detectionofhazardsthatmayexistina
iscrucial
intheproperfunctioningofan
intelligentbuilding
alarmsystem。
Currentsensortechnologyallowsfortheaccuratemonitoringofmany
parametersincluding,butnotlimitedto,carbonmonoxide(CO),hydrocarbons,temperature,vibration,etc.Accuratesensorreadingsusing
sophisticatedsensortechnologycanminimizetheoccurrenceofcostlyfalsealarms。
”Expertsystems"
arebecomingmoreextensivelyusedasaproblemsolvingtool.An
alarmcanbenefitfromtheuseofexpertsystemconcepts.Many
differentpossibilitiesforhazards,anddealingwiththem,mustbeanalyzedtoadequatelyalertpersonsina
ofdangeroussituations。
Expertsystemsaredesignedtomakeuseofpooledknowledgeresourcesfromagroupofexperiencedpersonshavingwithconsiderableexperiencein
40
diversefieldsrelatingtoemergencysituationsincluding,butnotlimitedto,firefighting,toxicfumedetection,earthquakephysics,humantolerancetohazards,medicalproblems,etc。
"
Fuzzylogic"
isalogicsystemthatisasupersetofBooleanlogic。
Sincetheworldisprimarilyanaloginnature,45manysituationscannotbeadequatelymodeledusingsimpleBooleantrue/nottruelogic。
Simplyconcludingthatanevent,element,orconditioniseither"
X"
orisnot”X”isseldomadequateinmakingacomplexdecision。
Forexample,thetemperatureinoneroomofa
duringafireinthe
cannotsimplybedistinguishedasadangerornotadanger。
Otherfactors,suchasgasconcentration,smokeoccurrenceanddensity,flames,etc。
alsolimitananalysisofpossibledangerwhensimplyconsideredas,forinstance,highdangerornothighdanger.Fuzzylogichelpsmodelproblemsinvolvinghumanisticissuesbyallowingmembershipinmorethanonesetandallowingamembershiptransitionbandfromonesettoanotherset.
Apreferredalarmsystemwillhavethecapabilityoftransferringandprocessingdatafromone,morethanoneormanyinputdevices.Currentinformationnetworkingtechnologyprovidesforlowcostandstandardizedhardwareandsoftwaresystemswiththeperformancecapacitytohandlemanyinputand/oroutputconnections。
Awireorcablebasedcommunicationssystemwillbeusedtofacilitatecommunicationswithinasingle
buildingor,alsoapossibilitywithinaclusterofbuildings.Alternatively,radiocommunicationscanbeusedfora
alarmsystem,avoidingafailureormiscommunicationduetodamagetocablesinahardwiredalarmsystem.
SUMMARYOFTHEINVENTION
Thepresentinventionprovidesforassistingpeopleatrisk,includingemergencypersonnel,involvedindangeroussituationssuchasthosecreatedbyfiresinbuildings,earthquakesaffectinga
building,buildingcollapse,toxicfumesina
building,
presenceofairbornebacteriaintheheating,ventilation,andairconditioningsystem(HVAC),terroristattacks,oranyotherdangersthatmayexistina
boat,plane,train,orotherstructure。
Sensorunitsarelocatedinapluralityoflocationsthroughoutastructuretoprovideadequatesensorinputandoutputcoverageforthestructure.Thesensorunitorpluralityofsensorunitsareactivatedtosampleavarietyofenvironmentalfactors.Thesensoroutputsignalsbroadcasttoacentralpointmonitoredbysoftwareand/oremergencypersonnel。
Collectedinformationincludes;
localizedtemperature,smokelevelsinthestructure,toxicgaslevels,criticallysignificantsounds(includingspeech),opticalinformation,locationpositi
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