乔姆斯基语言观Word格式.docx
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乔姆斯基语言观Word格式.docx
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乔姆斯基语言观@#@OnChomsky’sViewofLanguage@#@Abstract:
@#@Asapioneerlinguist,NoamChomskyenjoysapositionwithinlinguisticsprobablyunprecedentedinthewholehistoryofthesubject.FromhisfirstbookSyntacticStructures,publishedin1957,hehasbeenengagedinthelinguisticstudyandbroughtmanyinnovativeideastolinguistics,especiallyintheaspectsofgrammaticaltheory.Histheoryofgrammarisundoubtedlythemostdynamicandinfluential.ThisthesisreviewsthedevelopmentofChomsky’slinguistictheoriesanditsphilosophicalfoundationforlinguistics,includinghismajorcontributions,likethetheoryoftransformational-generativegrammarthatrevolutionalizedthescientificstudyoflanguage.ThissystematicandhistoricaloverviewofhislinguisticstudieswillsurelyhelptogetadeeperunderstandingofChomsky’sacademiccontributionsandgiveamathematicallyprecisedescriptionofsomeofthemoststrikingfeaturesoflanguage.@#@Keywords:
@#@viewoflanguage;@#@philosophicalfoundationforlinguistics@#@1.Introduction@#@NoamChomskyisoneofthemostinfluentialthinkersofmoderntimes.Themostcitedwriterinthehumanities,hisworkhasrevolutionizedthefieldoflinguistics,andhasdominatedmanyotherdisciplinesincludingpoliticsandthephilosophyofmindandhumannature.Hehasalsocontributedsignificantlytoourunderstandingoftheabuseofpower,andofthecontrollingeffectsofthemassmedia.@#@SincetheverydayonwhichChomsky’stheorieswereestablished,therehavebeenmanyarguments.Therearemanyfaithfulfollowers,whilesomepeopleareradicalobjectors.Manyresearcheshavebeenmadeonhislinguisticideasandtherehavebeenquiteafewbreakthroughs.However,mostofthestudyislimitedtoacertaindevelopmentalperiodofhistheories,oranintroductionofacertaintheoreticalwork.@#@ThisthesisaimstomakeanexplorationofChomsky’slinguisticideas,whichmakesupforthelimitationofpreviousresearches.Thisisnotonlyanexplorationofagreatlinguist’stheory,butalsoanexplorationofthelinguisticdevelopmentsince1957.Bydoingthisresearch,wecanabsorbsomeconduciveexperienceandstudymethods.@#@Inthefollowingchapter,IwillmakeacomprehensivestudyofChomsky’slinguisticrevolution,namelythetransformationalgrammar.InChapterThree,wecanseethemajordevelopmentalphasesofChomsky’slinguisticideas,fromthetransformationalgrammar,toStandardTheory,ExtendedStandardTheory,REST,GBtoMinimalistProgram.ChapterFourfocusesonthephilosophicalfoundationofhislinguisticconcept,whichconstitutesthebedrockonwhichtherestisbuilt.Inthelastchapter,Iwillsummarizethecreativefindingsandthesignificanceofthem,includingthegreatimpactonthepastandpresentlinguisticstudyandtheoutlookoffuturedevelopment.@#@2.ChomskyandHisLinguisticIdeas@#@2.1Biography@#@NoamChomskywasbornonDecember7,1928inPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania.HisundergraduateandgraduateyearswerespentattheUniversityofPennsylvaniawherehereceivedhisPhDinlinguisticsin1955.Duringtheyears1951to1955,ChomskywasaJuniorFellowoftheHarvardUniversitySocietyofFellows.WhileaJuniorFellowhecompletedhisdoctoraldissertationentitled,"@#@TransformationalAnalysis."@#@ThemajortheoreticalviewpointsofthedissertationappearedinthemonographSyntacticStructure,whichwaspublishedin1957.Thisformedpartofamoreextensivework,TheLogicalStructureofLinguisticTheory,circulatedinmimeographin1955andpublishedin1975.@#@ChomskyreceivedafacultypositionattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyin1955andin1961wasappointedfullprofessorintheDepartmentofModernLanguagesandLinguistics(nowtheDepartmentofLinguisticsandPhilosophy.)From1966to1976heheldtheFerrariP.WardProfessorshipofModernLanguagesandLinguistics.In1976hewasappointedInstituteProfessor.@#@ChomskyhasreceivedhonorarydegreesfromUniversityofLondon,UniversityofChicago,LoyolaUniversityofChicago,SwarthmoreCollege,DelhiUniversity,BardCollege,UniversityofMassachusetts,UniversityofPennsylvania,GeorgetownUniversity,AmherstCollege,CambridgeUniversity,UniversityofBuenosAires,McGillUniversity,UniversitatRoviraIVirgili,Tarragona,ColumbiaUniversity,UniversityofConnecticut,ScuolaNormaleSuperiore,Pisa,UniversityofWesternOntario,UniversityofToronto,HarvardUniversity,UniversityofCalcutta,andUniversidadNacionalDeColombia.HeisaFellowoftheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciencesandtheNationalAcademyofScience.Inaddition,heisamemberofotherprofessionalandlearnedsocietiesintheUnitedStatesandabroad,andisarecipientoftheDistinguishedScientificContributionAwardoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation,theKyotoPrizeinBasicSciences,theHelmholtzMedal,theDorothyEldridgePeacemaker
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