Current Situation and Countermeasures of Chinas ServiceTradeWord文档格式.docx
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Current Situation and Countermeasures of Chinas ServiceTradeWord文档格式.docx
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servicestraderegulationsinnovativetalents
"
TradeinService"
isacross-borderbusinessactionexchangingserviceproducts,specificallyincludingtourism,transportation,insurance,finance,communicationpostsandtelecommunications,constructionandinstallationandcontractorengineering,computerandinformation,patentandtechnologylicensing,counseling,education,healthcare,advertising,filmvideo,personalservices,etc.
Since1980s,thetrendofserviceglobalizationisgreatlystrengthened.Withinformationandcommunicationtechnologydevelopmingrapidly,theservicetradeisgreatlyenhanced,servicetradegrowthhavesprungupeverywhere
.IthasbecomeurgenttoenhancetheinternationalcompetitivenessofservicesafterjoiningtheWTOmandate.Althoughafterthereformandopeninguppolicy,servicesectorhadreceivedanunprecedentedrapiddevelopment,Chinadidnotattachmuchimportancetodevelopingtheserviceindustryinearlytime,whichresultinginthedevelopmentofserviceindustrylagsbehindotherindustriesalsolagbehindothercountries,especiallyEuropeandtheUnitedStatesandotherdevelopedcountries.Sothewhole,Chinaisstillintheearlystagesofdevelopmentoftradeinservices,therearemanypressingproblems.
First,thestatusofChina'
sservicetrade
(A)aloweroverallleveloftradeinservices,exportstructureisirrational
Atpresent,althoughChina'
sservicetradevolumeinservicetradeintheworldrankedNo.5,butthelargeamountofChina'
sservicetradedeficitwiththeworldtradeinservicesisstillrelativelybackwardcomparedtothelevelofdevelopment.China'
sservicetradevolumein2008islowerthangoodstrade,witharatioof1:
8.4,wellbelowtheleveloftheUnitedStatesof1:
3.9.In2008,China'
sservicetradeexports,internationaltourismreceipts40.84billionU.S.dollars,accountingservices,27.9%oftotalexports,internationaltransportrevenue38.42billionU.S.dollars,accountingfor26.2%,foratotalof54.1%.
Shows,transport,tourismisthebackboneofChina'
sservicetrade,China'
sservicetradeisalsoconcentratedinlabor-intensivesectorsandnaturalresourcessectorandothertraditionaladvantagesoftheservicesector,thelargestintheglobaltradefinance,insurance,consultingandothertechnology-intensiveandknowledge-intensiveserviceindustries,Chinaisstillaweaklink,isstillatthepreliminarystageofdevelopment.
(B)Tradelawsandregulationsarenotperfect
Inrecentyears,althoughChinahassuccessivelypromulgatedthe"
Maritime"
"
CommercialBankLaw"
InsuranceLaw"
AdvertisingLaw"
andanumberofimportantareasrelatedtotradeinserviceslawsandregulations.However,comparedwithdevelopedcountries,thereisstillawidegap,Lifaimmaturesystem,manyfieldsisblank,eventhoughsomeofthepromulgationoflawsandregulationsontradeinservices,hasmore抽象andlittlefeasibility,somestipulationsandinternationalJingmaorulesthereisstillagap.
(C)thelackofpersonnelservicetrade
Scaleserviceenterprisesintheorganization,management,operationalefficiencyandmarketing,comparedwiththelargemultinationalcompaniesabroad,thereisabiggap.ChineseAcademyofSocialSciencesrecentlyissuedFinancial2007BlueBook"
serviceindustryinChinaReport-China'
sservicesectorreformandinnovation,"
saidChina'
sservicesectoremploymentin2005wasonly30%more,farbelowtheinternationalaverage,andlargepartofthedistributioninthelabor-intensiveindustriestoknowledge-baseddevelopmentlagsbehindthemodernserviceindustry.ThelevelofoveralldevelopmentofIndiaandChinarather,asinglecompanyforitssoftwareonmorethan650,000工程师,numberofemployeesaftertheU.S..
(D)thelackofindependentinnovationofChineseEnterprises,andthecoretechnologyisdifficulttointroduceforeign
Sincereformandopening,Chinaimportedalargeamountofforeignadvancedtechnology,throughtradechannelsandmultinationalinvestmentandtechnologyspilloversforChina'
seconomicdevelopmentandtechnologicalprogresshasmadeimportantcontributions.However,theintroductionofourcapital,equipmentandproductionlinescomparedtotheintroductionoftechnology,verysmall,Chinaisstillalackofcoretechnology,thelackofindependentintellectualpropertyrights.Inaddition,inordertomaintaintheirlead,theWestbegantheimplementationoftechnicallimitationsandtheblockadeofChina,multinationalcompaniesinthetechnologyexport,transfer,patents,technologyspilloverandsoinhibittheimplementationofsomenewstrategy,ourbusinessisdifficulttobreakthroughdevelopedcountriesandtheirtechnologicalmonopolyoftransnationalcorporationsisdifficul
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