大学英语四级翻译文档格式.docx
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大学英语四级翻译文档格式.docx
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2、固定搭配
3、词汇考察(核心动词和动词短语考查、名词,形容词,副词等)
四、解题技巧
1、了解题中采分点,考点做到有的放矢
2、强化重点语法知识
3、深度分析已考试题,挖掘潜在考点,学会举一反三。
4、遇到不会的表达要进行同义反义词及词组转换
1.because(conj.)becauseof+名词或代词
e.g.Hehadtoretirebecauseofillhealth.
dueto/owingto/thanksto/becauseof
dueto/owingto略显正式,并经常用于正式的通告或公开的声明
e.g.Allflightshavebeendelayeddueto/owingtothickfog.
beduetosth(duetocanbeusedafterbe,butowingtocannotbeusedinsuchway)
e.g.Theaccidentwaslargelyduetohumanerror
becauseof(usuusedinspokenEnglish)
thankstoisnotformalandisusedespeciallytoexplainwhyorhowsthgoodhashappened
e.g.07.1287.Thankstoaseriesofnewinventions,doctorscantreatthisdiseasesuccessfully.
2.havedifficulty(in)doingsth/havetroubledoingsth
e.g.Ineverhaveanytroublegettingtosleep.
beindifficulty/trouble有困难有麻烦
Thebusinessisinfinancialdifficulty.
get/runintodifficulty/trouble陷入困境
Thecompanyranintotroublewhenittriedtoexpandtooquickly.
3.倒装结构
(肯)so+be动词、助动词、情态动词+主语表示某人或某物的情况也是如此
Marylikestoplaythepiano.SodoesJane.
Hehaslosttheaddress.SohaveI.
(否)neither/nor+be动词、助动词、情态动词+主语表示某人或某物的情况也不这样
IhaveneverbeentoBeijing.Neither/norhasmybrother.
Ihavenoexcuseforbeinglate.Nordoeshe.
若前句中既出现了be动词又出现了行为动词或者其它不同形式通常用
Soitiswith…It’sthesamewith…
Marylikeplayingthepiano,butshecan’tplayitwell.Soitiswithherbrother.Itisthesamewithherbrother.
so+主语+be动词、助动词、情态动词某人、物确实如此
Marywenttotheparkyesterday
Soshedid.她确实去了。
倒装句
全部倒装、部分倒装
1)全部倒装此结构一般只用于一般现在时与一般过去时
①here/there/now/then/thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常是be/come/go/lie/run
Theregoesthebell.铃响了
Herecomesthebus.公车来了
Hereisyourletter.给你的信
上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,若是代词,则不倒装。
Thereyouare.给你或就是这样Herehecomes.
②当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时,也会引起全部倒装。
Inthischapterwillbefoundananswer.
Alongtheriverbanksstoodstacksofhay.沿着河岸是一座座的草垛。
2)部分倒装将一部分谓语如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。
若没有助动词或情态动词,则需要添加助词do/does/did等
①句首为否定或半否定的词语如no/not/never/seldom/little/hardly/atnotime/innoway/notuntil…等
NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.
Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothequestion.
Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.
当notuntil引出主从复合句时,主语倒装,从句不倒装。
Themotherdidn’tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep。
②notonly…butalso…
Hardly/scarcely…when…一…就…刚…就
Nosooner…than…一…就…刚…就
Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.
Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.
Nosoonershegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.
只有当notonly…butalso…引导两个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构。
如果置于句首的notonly…butalso…仅连接两个并列词,不用倒装
NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.
③句首状语若由only+副词、介词词组、状语分句构成也可引起部分倒装
Onlyyesterdaydidhefindoutthathiswatchismissing.
OnlyinthiswayyoulearnEnglishwell.
Onlywhenheisseriouslyilldoesheeverstayinbed.
主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装
④省略了if的虚拟条件从句(可以had、were、should开头)
WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.
在so…that开头的句子结构中,so+形容词是主语补语的前置,so+副词是状语的前置,前者引起全部倒装,后者引起局不倒装
SosmallwasthemarkthatIcouldhardlyseeit.
Somuchdoesheworryabouthisfinancialpositionthathecan’tsleepatnight.
as/though引导的让步状语中,句中的表语,状语或动词原形提到主语前来
Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.
Youngasheis,shecanspeak5differentlanguages.
4.lookforwardto10.6-8908.8-89介词tosth/doingsth
objectto/getdownto/stickto/contributeto/beaccustomedto/beusedto/beopposedto
5虚拟语气表示假设,不太可能实现的情况,与事实相反。
1if引导的虚拟条件句
主句从句
过去would/should/could/mighthavedonehaddone/been
现在would/should/could/mightdodid/were
将来would/should/could/mightdodid/were/weretodo/shoulddo
IfIhadknownhernumber,Iwouldhavecalledher.
IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotoseethedoctor.
Ifitshouldraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.
if引导的真实条件句,发生的肯能性极大(主将从现)
IfIhavetime,Iwillhelpyouwiththework.
2Wish后使用虚拟
主+wish+(that)+从句过去haddone/been
现在did/were
将来would/coulddo
Iwishshehadbeenhereyesterday.
IwishIwereasyoungasyou.
Annawishesshewouldhaveanewdress.
3insistorderdemandsuggestadviserecommendrequirerequestdemanddesire等后的宾语从句动词通常用(should)+v
Isuggestthatwe(should)discusstheproblemnexttime.
Hermotherinsistedthatshe(should)stayathome.她母亲坚持要她呆在家里。
suggestinsist不表示建议,要求时,从句不用虚拟
Herexpressionsuggestedthatshewasangry.
Iinsistedthathewaswrong.我坚持说他错了。
4suggestionorderproposaldecisionrecommendation等后面的表语从句和同位语从句
Theorderwerethatwestaywherewewere.
Hemadethesuggestionthatthey(should)
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