中级无机化学翻译Word文档格式.docx
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中级无机化学翻译Word文档格式.docx
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CH3COOH,H2NCONH2,CH3CH2OH,NaH
解:
CH3COOHstrongacidCH3COOH+NH3=CH3COOˉ+NH4+
H2NCONH2weakacidH2NCONH2+NH3=NH4++NH2CONHˉ
CH3CH2OHweakacidCH3CH2OH+NH3=NH4++CH3CH2Oˉ
NaHstrongsodaHˉ+NH3=NH2ˉ+H2
1.5指出下列物质在100%H2SO4中的酸碱行为(写出反应方程式):
HNO3,CH3CO2H,HClO4,C2H5OH,H2NCONH2,SO3
1.5Pointedoutthatthefollowingsubstancesinacid-basebehaviorin100%H2SO4(writereactionequation):
HNO3为碱HNO3+2H2SO4→2HSO4-+NO2++H3O+
CH3CO2H为碱CH3COOH+H2SO4→HSO4-+CH3COOH2+
HClO4为酸HClO4+H2SO4≈H3SO4++CH3COOH2+
C2H5OH为碱C2H5OH+2H2SO4→CH3CH2HSO4+HSO4-+H3O+
H2NCONH2为碱H2NCONH2+H2SO4→HSO4-+H2NCONH3+
SO3为碱SO3+H2SO4≈H2S2O7
H2SO4+H2S2O7≈H3SO4++HS2O7-
1.8Pleasewritedownthechemicalequationofthefollowingreactions.
(1)Potassiumamideandanilinehavereactionsinliquidammonia.
(2)InjecthydrochloricacidintoconcentratedsulfuricacidandconcentratednitricacidsolutiontogetNO2Cl.
(3)Boricacidisdissolvedinsulfuricacid.
1.9Inliquidammonia,whatistheconcentrationofammoniumion?
1.9intheliquidammonia,whatistheconcentrationofammoniumion?
Answer:
2NH3=NH4++NH2-K=1.0*10-33
[NH4+]=K1/2=3.16*10-7(MOl/L)
1.12estimateroughthevalueofPKaabouteachofthe
Followingacids?
1.phosphitepka1=2pka2=7
2.nitricacidpka1=-3
3.Percholoricacidpka=8
4.Periodatepka1=2pka2=7
1.12粗略估计下述各酸的pKa值
1.12AroughestimatethefollowingthesourpKavalue
(1)H3PO3m=1pK1=2pK2=pK1+5=7
(2)HNO3m=2pK=-3
(3)HClO4m=3pK=-8
(4)H5IO6m=1pK1=2pK2=7
第二章
2.1Determinethefollowingmoleculesorobjectsbelongpointgroup
(1)SiHDBr2TetrahedralCspointgroup
(2)SiFClBrITetrahedralC1pointgroup
(3)SiH2Br2TetrahedralC2vpointgroup
(4)PCl3ThreesidesofvertebralC3vpointgroup
(5)OPCl3ThreesidesofvertebralC3vpointgroup
(6)CO2LinearD∞hpointgroup
(7)P4O6TetrahedralTdpointgroup
(8)Mn(CO)5IOctahedralC4vpointgroup
(9)LetterTandZ
TC2vpointgroup
ZC2hpointgroup
(10)ApieceofchalkC∞vpointgroup
2.1确定下列分子或物体所属的点群(Surethefollowingmolecularorobjectpointsofsubordinate)
2.3指出下列分子或离子所属的点群,并写出他们所含有的对称元素(Pointoutthefollowingmolecularorionpointsofsubordinate,andwriteouttheirsymmetryelement
2.8WhichpointgroupPtCl42ˉbelongto?
Drawitsstructure,marktheelementsoftheseoperations(eachoperationmarkone).
2.9Knownfollowingmolecularpointgroup,drawtheirstructures.
2.9Giventhefollowingmolecules(ions)belongtowhichpointgroup,drawtheirstructure.
(1)B(OH)3C3h
(2)Cr(en)3D3
(3)Co(gly)3C3
(4)Mn2(CO)10D4d
(5)AlleneD2d
第三章
3.1Trytoestimatethegeometriesandelectronicstructuresofthesefollowingcoordinativeions.
[Co(CN)6]3-(diamagnetism):
octahedron,Ohstrongfield,lowspin,t2g6eg0;
[NiF6]4-(2singleelectron):
octahedron,Ohweakfield,highspin,t2g6eg2;
[CrF6]4-(4singleelectron):
octahedron,Ohweakfield,highspin,t2g3eg1;
[AuCl4]-(diamagnetism):
planesquare,D4hfield,eg4a1g2b2g2b1g0;
[FeCl4]-(5singleelectron):
tetrahedron,Tdfield,e2t23;
[NiF6]2-(diamagnetism):
octahedron,Ohstrongfield,lowspin,t2g6eg0。
3.1、Describethestructureandelectronstructureofthefollowingcoordinationion.
[Co(CN)6]3-(diamagnetism)[NiF6]4-(twounpairedelectron)
[CrF6]4-(fourunpairedelectron)[AuCl4]-(diamagnetism)
[FeCl4]-(fiveunpairedelectron)[NiF6]2-(diamagnetism)
3.5、Whichonesarehigh-spinstateinthefollowingcoordinationion.
Mn(H2O)2+6Fe(H2O)3+6Co(NH3)3+6Co(H2O)2+6
CoCl2-Fe(CN)4-6
3.5:
Thefollowingcomplexioninthosebelongingtoahighspinconfiguration?
(a):
[Mn(H2O)6]2+;
(b):
[Fe(H2O)6]3+;
(c):
[Co(NH3)6]3+
(d):
[Co(H2O)6]2+;
(e):
[CoCl4]2-;
(f):
[Fe(CN)6]4-
Solution:
H2Oisweakfiled,so[Mn(H2O)6]2+、[Fe(H2O)6]3+、[Co(H2O)6]2+arehighspin.NH3isstrongfiled,so[Co(NH3)6]3+islowspin.Cl-isweakfiled,so[CoCl4]2-ishighspin.CN-isstrongfiled,so[Fe(CN)6]4-islowspin.
3.5Thefollowingcationswhicharehighspinconfiguration?
(a)Sixhydratedmanganese(Ⅱ)cation;
(b)Sixhydratediron(Ⅲ)cation;
(c)Sixammoniacobalt(Ⅲ)cation;
(d)Sixhydratedcobalt(Ⅱ)cation;
(e)Fourchloridecobalt(II)anion;
(f)Six-ironcyanide(Ⅳ)anion.
Theanswer:
Wateristheweak-fieldligands,it’ssplittingcanbelow,that(a),(b),(d)arehigh-spinconfiguration.
Cyanideisthestrong-fieldli
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