英语系论文的文学综述Word文档下载推荐.docx
- 文档编号:15875609
- 上传时间:2022-11-16
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:5
- 大小:20.75KB
英语系论文的文学综述Word文档下载推荐.docx
《英语系论文的文学综述Word文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语系论文的文学综述Word文档下载推荐.docx(5页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Abstract:
Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,communicationbecomesfrequentamongcountries,especiallyinChinaandtheU.S.A.Theacceleratedprocessofglobalizationandtheincreasedcommunicationacrossbordersmadetheunderstandingofmultipleculturesamust.Whenmentioninginterculturalcommunication,wewouldconsidervariousdifferencesfromtheculturebackgroundtolanguagediversity.Butactually,ininterculturalcommunication,asapartialreflectionofculture,faithandvalueofasociety,taboobecomesincreasinglyimportant.Itisthebiggestbarrierthatkeepspeoplefarawayfromsmoothcommunication.Toavoidclashesincross-culturecommunication,weshouldnotmentionwordsorconveyideasrelatedtotaboo.Scholarshavesparednoeffortstoexploretheoriginandclassificationsoftaboosandhavefoundwaystosolvecommunicationproblemscausedbytaboosaccordingly.Thisarticledemonstratesthedefinition,originsandclassificationsoftaboosfromdifferentperspectivesandaimstopromotesuccessfulcommunicationsinmostfieldsbetweentwocountries.BythecomparisonstudyoftaboosbetweenChinaandtheU.S.A,wecaneasilyfindtheirdifferencesandsimilaritiessothatwecangetclosertotaboosandavoidembarrassingandunhappyconditionswhencommunicatingwithforeigners.Withthehelpofunderstanding“taboo”,thecross-culturalcommunicationcanbeeasier.
Keywords:
taboo,interculturalcommunication,culturaldifference
1.Introduction
In1971,AmericaPresidentNixonpaidavisittoChina.IthasbeenatrailmarkerfortheSino-Americanrelationship.Thesechangesmadepeopletakecross-culturecommunicationintoaccount.AsAmericaplaysagrowingimportantroleintheinternationaltrademarket,thecultureofAmericanshouldbetakenintoconsiderationsoastopromoteabettereconomicalandpoliticalrelationshipbetweenChinaandtheU.S.A.
Fromtheculturalperspective,tabooisthebiggestbarrierthatkeepspeoplefarawayfromasmoothcommunication.However,ifhandledproperly,communicationbarriersresultedfromtaboosthatleadtomisunderstandingandoffencesininterculturalcommunicationcanbeeffectivelyavoided.
Therefore,manyscholarshavestudiedthissubjectinordertoimprovethequalityandefficiencyofinterculturalcommunication.Butamongvariouswritings,barelywerespecializedinAmericantaboosforthecomplexityofthiscountry.AlthoughtheAmericanculturehasbeengreatlyinfluencedbyEurope,itdoesmakeseveralchangessinceithasbeenanindependentcountryin1776,andthespecialgeographyprovidesgreatopportunitiestodevelopitsfreshanduniqueculture,thatistosay,itissodifferentfromcountriesinEuropeancontinent.Underthiscircumstance,greateffortsshouldbedonetocollectandrenewculturalinformationabouttaboosinAmerican.
Insummary,thisarticleisdevotedtotheanalysisoftaboosfromthedefinition,origin,classification,topicsoftabooandvariousapproachestostudytabooonthebasisofpreviousstudies.
2.Previousstudiesontaboo
2.1.TheinterpretationofTaboo
SigmundFreud,inTotemandTaboo,concludesthedefinitionoftabooin2contraryaspects
(1)holy;
(2)strange,danger,dirt.
ForFranzSteinerwhostudiessocialanthropology,tabooisconcernedwithfourthingsinhisbookTaboo,
(1)withsocialmechanismsofobediencehavingritualsignificance
(2)specificrestrictivebehaviorsinsituationsthataredeemeddangerous(3)withtheprotectionofindividualsexposedtosuchdanger,and(4)theprotectionofsocietyatlargefromthoseofitsmemberswhoarebothendangeredbytabooviolationsandtherefore,inturn,dangerous.HenceSteiner’sgeneraldefinitionthat‘tabooisanelementofallthosesituationsinwhichattitudestovaluesareexpressedintermsofdangerbehavior.
Hewroteinthefirstchapterofhisbook:
Theword"
taboo"
camefromTonga,aPolynesianlanguage,withthemeaningofforbiddenoravoided.Inthe18thcentury,CaptainJamesCook(1729-1779),aBritishnavigator,cametoTongainthesouthernpartofthePacificOcean.Hediscoveredmanyoddcustomsandtaboophenomenathere.Forexample:
someobjectscanonlybeusedbytheirleaderoronlybyGod,butsomeonlycanbeusedbycommonpeople;
andsomecanonlybeusedforspecialpurpose.Thisphenomenoniscalled“tabu”bythePolynesians.Then,hebroughtbacktheword"
tabu"
toBritain,whichlaterbecametheEnglishword“taboo”.
Hearguesthat,fromtheoutset,thePolynesianusageofthetermwascontaminatedbyrefractionthroughafalseEuropeandichotomy,thatsplitthenotionoftaboointotwodistinctcategories,ofthe‘forbidden'
andthe'
sacred,whereasinPolynesiatheyweretwoinseparableaspectsoftheoneconcept,thoughmutuallyexclusive.
Toconclude,tabooisaprohibitionorinterdictionofanything;
exclusion
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语系 论文 文学 综述