2 Neoclassical periodWord文档格式.docx
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2 Neoclassical periodWord文档格式.docx
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(2)新古典主义时期文学的艺术特点
3.应用:
启蒙运动,新古典主义,英雄双行诗,英国现实主义小说等名词的解释
1.识记Definitionsofliteraryterms
1)TheEnlightenmentMovement
The18th-centuryEnglandisknownastheAgeofEnlightenmentortheAgeofReason.TheEnlightenmentMovementwasaprogressiveintellectualmovementwhichflourishedinFrance&
sweptthroughthewholeWesternEuropeatthetime.ThemovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissanceofthe15th&
16thcenturies.Itspurposewastoenlightenthewholeworldwiththelightofmodemphilosophical&
artisticideas.Theenlightenerscelebratedreasonorrationality,equality&
science.Theycalledforareferencetoorder,reason&
rules&
advocateduniversaleducation.FamousamongthegreatenlightenersinEnglandwerethosegreatwriterslikeJohnDryden,Alexanderpope&
soon.
2)Neoclassicism
Inthefieldofliterature,theEnlightenmentMovementbroughtaboutarevivalofinterestintheoldclassicalworks.Thistendencyisknownasneoclassicism.Accordingtotheneoclassicists,allformsofliteratureweretobemodeledaftertheclassicalworksoftheancientGreek&
Romanwriters(Homer,Virgil,&
soon)&
thoseofthecontemporaryFrenchones.Theybelievedthattheartisticidealsshouldbeorder,logic,restrainedemotion&
accuracy,&
thatliteratureshouldbejudgedintermsofitsservicetohumanity.Thisbeliefledthemtoseekproportion,unity,harmony&
graceinliteraryexpressions,inanefforttodelight,instruct&
correcthumanbeings,primarilyassocialanimals.Thus,apolite,urbane,witty,&
intellectualartdeveloped.
3)Theheroiccouplet
ItmeansapairoflinesofatypeoncecommoninEnglishpoetry,whichrhyme&
arewrittenwithfivebeatseach..
4)theRealisticNovel
Themid-centurywas,however,predominatedbyanewlyrisingliteraryform,themodernEnglishnovel,which,contrarytothetraditionalromanceofaristocrats,givesarealisticpresentationoflifeofthecommonEnglishpeople.This-themostsignificantphenomenoninthehistoryofthedevelopmentofEnglishliteratureintheeighteenthcentury-isanaturalproductoftheIndustrialRevolution&
asymbolofthegrowingimportance&
strengthoftheEnglishofthegrowingimportance&
strengthoftheEnglishmiddleclass,AmongthepioneerswereDanielDefoe,SamuelRichardson,HenryFielding,LaurenceSterne,TobiasCreorgeSmollott,&
OliverGoldsmith.
2.领会CharacteristicsofNeoclassicalLiterature
Accordingtotheneoclassicists,allformsofliteratureweretobemodeledaftertheclassicalworksoftheancientGreek&
Romanwriters(Homer,Virgil,Horace,Ovid,etc,)&
thoseofthecontemporaryFrenchones.Neoclassicistshadsomefixedlaws&
rulesforalmosteverygenreofliterature,proseshouldbeprecise,direct,smooth&
flexible.Poetryshouldbelyrical,epical,didactic,satiricordramatic,&
eachclassshouldbeguidedbyitsownprinciples.DramashouldbewrittenintheHeroicCouplets(iambicpentameterrhymedintwolines);
thethreeunitiesoftime,space&
actionshouldbestrictlyobserved;
regularityinconstructionshouldbeadheredto&
typecharactersratherthanindividualsshouldberepresented.
二.该时期的重要作家
1,一般识记:
重要作家的创作生涯
2,识记:
重要作品及主要内容
3,领会:
重要作家的创作思想,艺术特色其代表作的主题结构,人物刻画,语言风格,艺术特色,社会意义等。
4,应用:
(1)《天路历程》中"
名利场"
的寓义。
(2)蒲伯的文学(诗歌)批评观及其诗歌特色。
(3)〈〈格列佛游记〉〉的社会讽刺。
(4)菲尔丁的"
散文体史诗"
。
(5)格雷诗歌的主题与意象。
I.JohnBunyan
1.一般识记Hislife
Englishauthor&
preacher,borninElstow,England,probablyNov.28,1628,anddiedinLondon,England,Aug,31,1688.
2.识记Hismajorworks
JohnBunyan'
sThePilgrim'
sProgress(1678)istheoutstanding17th-centuryEnglishreligiousliterature.Formorethan200yearsthisbookwassecondinpopularityonlytotheBible.Bunyandidnotattempttoportraythepoliticalconfusion&
socialupheavalof17th-centuryEngland.Hisconcernwasratherthestudyofman'
sspirituallife.
Bunyanchieflywrotefourproseworks-GraceAboundingtotheChiefofSinners(1666),TheLife&
DeathofMr.Badman(1680),TheHolyWar(1682)&
ThePilgrim'
sProgress,partII(1684).
3.领会Characteristicsofhisworks
Bunyan'
sstylewasmodeledafterthatoftheEnglishBible.Withhisconcrete&
livinglanguage&
carefullyobserved&
vividlypresenteddetails,hemadeitpossibleforthereaderoftheleasteducationtosharethepleasureofreadinghisnovel&
torelivetheexperienceofhischaracters.
4.应用SelectedReading
"
TheVanityFair"
anexcerptfromPartIofThePilgrim'
sProgress.
(1)Theme:
sProgressisthemostsuccessfulreligiousallegoryintheEnglishlanguage.ItspurposeistourgepeopletocomplywithChris
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