专8听力真题答案及讲座原文Word格式文档下载.docx
- 文档编号:15851758
- 上传时间:2022-11-16
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:5
- 大小:45.73KB
专8听力真题答案及讲座原文Word格式文档下载.docx
《专8听力真题答案及讲座原文Word格式文档下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《专8听力真题答案及讲座原文Word格式文档下载.docx(5页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
—(3)warranted__________
—validinferencesandconclusions
—no(4)__________intheadversarialsense
●thethirdmodelforarguingis(5)_________:
—theaudienceis(6)__________inthearguments
—argumentsmust(7)__________theaudience
Traitsoftheargumentaswar
●verydominant:
itcanshape(8)_________
●strongargumentsareneeded
●negativeeffectsinclude:
—(9)_________areemphasized
—winningistheonlypurpose
—thistypeofargumentsprevent(10)_________
—theworstthingis(11)_________
●implicationfromargumentsaswar:
(12)_________
—e.g.,oneprovidingreasonsandtheotherraising(13)_________
—theotheroneisfinallypersuaded
Suggestionsonnewwaysto(14)_________ofarguments
●thinkofnewkindsofarguments
●changerolesinarguments
●(15)_________
C.Excitement.
D.Encouragement.
1.WhatisthebiggestdisadvantageofstudyingwithMom?
A.ThinkingofwaystocomfortMom.
B.OccasionalinterferencefromMom.
C.UltimatelycallswhenMaggieisbusy.
D.FrequentcheckonMaggie’sgrades.
Now,listentothePartTwooftheinterview.Questions6to10arebasedonPartTwooftheinterview.
2.Whyisparentandkidstudyingtogetheracommoncase?
A.Becauseparentsneedtobereadyfornewjobs.
B.Becauseparentslovetoreturntocollege.
C.Becausekidsrequiretheirparentstodoso.
D.Becausekidsfindithardtoadapttocollegelife.
3.WhatwouldMaggie’smomliketobeaftercollege?
A.Realestateagent.
B.Financier.
C.Lawyer.
D.Teacher.
4.HowdoesMaggie’smomfeelaboutsittinginclassafter30years?
A.Delighted.
B.Excited.
C.Bored.
D.Frustrated.
5.WhatismostchallengingforMaggie’smom?
A.Howtomakeacake.
B.Howtomakeomelets.
C.Toacceptwhatistaught.
D.Toplanafuturecareer.
6.HowdoesMaggiedescribetheprocessofthinkingoutone’scareerpath?
A.Unsuccessful.
B.Gradual.
C.Frustrating.
D.Passionate.
Keys:
1.thedialecticalmodel
monandfixed
3.premises
4.opposition/arguing
5.argumentsasperformances/therhetoricalmodel
6.participatory/participating/theparticipant/takingpart
7.betailoredto/caterfor
8.howweargue/ouractualconduct
9.tactics/strategies
10.negotiationandcollaboration
11.there’snosolution/progress
12.learningwithlosing
13.questions/counter-considerations/counter-arguments/objections/argumentsinopposition
14.achievepositiveeffects
15.supportoneself/yourself
CADDB
ACDCB
Script:
Goodmorning,everyone.MynameisDavidandIamgoodatarguing.Sowelcometoourintroductorylectureonargumentation.Whydowewanttoargue?
Whydowetrytoconvinceotherpeopletobelievethingsthattheydon’twanttobelieve?
Andisthatevenanicethingtodo?
Isthatanicewaytotreatotherhumanbeing,tryandmakethemthinksomethingtheydon’twanttothink?
Well,myanswerisgoingtomakereferencetothreemodelsforarguments.
(1)Thefirstmodel—let’scallthisthedialecticalmodel—isthatwethinkofargumentsaswar.Andyouknowwhatthat’slike.Thereisalotofscreamingandshoutingandwinningandlosing.
(2)Andthat’snotreallyaveryhelpfulmodelarguing,butit’saprettycommonandfixedone.Iguessyoumusthaveseenthattypeofarguingmanytimes—inthestreet,onthebusorinthesubway.
Let’smoveontothesecondmodel.Thesecondmodelforarguingregardsargumentsasproofs.Thinkofamathematician’sargument.Here’smyargument.Doesitwork?
Isitanygood?
(3)Arethepremises(前提)warranted?
Aretheinferences(推论))valid?
Doestheconclusionfollowthepremises?
(4)Noopposition,noadversariality(对抗)—notnecessarilyanyarguingintheadversarialsense.
(5)Andthere’sathirdmodeltokeepinmindthatIthinkisgoingtobeveryhelpful,andthatisargumentsasperformances,argumentsasbeinginfrontofanaudience.Wecanthinkofapoliticiantryingtopresentaposition,tryingtoconvincetheaudienceofsomething.
Butthere’sanothertwist(转折)onthismodelthatIreallythinkisimportant;
namely,thatwhenwearguebeforeanaudience,(6)sometimestheaudiencehasamoreparticipatoryroleintheargument;
thatis,youpresentyouargumentsinfrontofanaudiencewhoarelikejuries(陪审团)thatmakeajudgmentanddecidethecase.(5)Let’scallthismodeltherhetoricalmodel,(7)whereyouhavetotailor(迎合)yourargumenttotheaudienceathand.
Ofthosethree,theargumentaswaristhedominantone.Itdominateshowwetalkaboutarguments,itdominateshowwethinkaboutarguments,and
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 听力 答案 讲座 原文