托福入门阅读 Lesson 3Word格式.docx
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托福入门阅读 Lesson 3Word格式.docx
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3.Except型
凡选项为细节(较长)一般解为下半区
凡选项为归纳判断(较短)位置不定
4.凡提到某个半有人物型
一般解为显示作者主旨/中心
5.结构题
一般选三种解1)general-specific2)chronologicalorder3)specific-general
6.下文主题(确定)
一般注意解中应有:
more,other,further,remaining,another这种词汇
7.态度题
当问及作者或文中人物对某一事物观点:
1)对事、物、人的态度,倾向于褒义词
2)对观点态度,可倾向于贬义词
8.中心题主题(按场景,上课笔记)
9.读者身份题(或其它身份题)
读者角度:
Generalreaders/audiences
作者角度:
Writer/expert
10.文章来源:
一般为textbook(forgeneraluse)
PartTwo:
Exercise
4.InsertTextQuestion插入句子题
1)插入句子题实质
句间关联显性关联→关联词→选项中有关联词
隐性关联→语义→语义线
2)通用解题法
语义线接替
1句子拆分,拆分依据:
简单句以谓语v.拆分;
非简单句以关联词拆分
2概念获取:
通常获取名词
3概念匹配
4带入检查:
语义,语法,逻辑正确
3)常考逻辑关系
1指代关系a)指代关系中重要的线索词是代词后的“n”
b)指代关系钱语义线通常是唯一确定的
c)若考察指代关系且A选项位于段首,A直接排除
2主语一致法则
3举例关系
4总分关系:
”TS”一定是一个该属性表达,一定和后面句子拥有共同的方面
5时间顺序
XYZ
↓↓↓
昨天今天明天
6语义重点逻辑:
如果出现代词,在上下句,插入句子后,代词的只带是否改变(对应题目)
关联词
语义的重点是名词
段落类型
①TSA1e.g.A1,A2为分论点TS(topicsentence)为主旨句
A2e.g.e.g.为例子
②TSe.g.
2TS1e.g.
(However转折)
TS2e.g.
先判断所给句是细节句还是非细节句,然后再通过段落类型来分析插入的位置
1.Paragraph6:
Underverycoldconditions,rockscanbeshatteredbyiceandfrost.Glaciersmayforminpermanentlycoldareas,andtheseslowlymovingmassesoficecutoutvalleys,carryingwiththemhugequantitiesoferodedrockdebris.█Indryareasthewindistheprincipalagentoferosion.█Itcarriesfineparticlesofsand,whichbombardexposedrocksurfaces,therebywearingthemintoyetmoresand.█Evenlivingthingscontributetotheformationoflandscapes.█Treerootsforcetheirwayintocracksinrocksand,insodoing,speedtheirsplitting.Incontrast,therootsofgrassesandothersmallplantsmayhelptoholdloosesoilfragmentstogether,therebyhelpingtopreventerosionbythewind.
Lookatthefoursquares█thatindicatewherethefollowingsentencecouldbeaddedtothepassage.
Underdifferentclimaticconditions,anothertypeofdestructiveforcecontributestoerosion.
Wherewouldthesentencebestfit?
1
2
3
4
2.Thedifferencesinfeedingpreferenceslead,inturn,todifferencesinmigratoryhabits.■Thewildebeestsfollow,intheirmigration,thepatternoflocalrainfall.■Theotherspeciesdolikewise.■Butwhenanewareaisfueledbyrain,themammalsmigratetowarditinasetordertoexploitit.■Thelarger,lessfastidiousfeeders,thezebras,moveinfirst;
thechoosier,smallerwildebeestscomelater;
andthesmallestspeciesofall,Thomson’sgazelle,arriveslast.Thelaterspeciesalldependonthepreparationsoftheearlierone,fortheactionsofthezebraalterthevegetationtosuitthestomachsofthewildebeest,topi,andgazelle.
Lookatthefoursquares■thatindicatewherethefollowingsentencecouldbeaddedtothepassage.
Thesequenceinwhichtheymigratecorrelateswiththeirbodysize.
■1
■2
■3
■4
3.Ashertechnologicalexpertisegrewmoresophisticated,sodidtheotheraspectsofherdances.■Althoughshegavelittlethoughttomusicinherearliestdances,shelaterusedscoresbyGluck,Beethoven,Schubert,Chopin,andWagner,eventuallygraduatingtoStravinsky,Fauré
Debussy,andMussorgsky,composerswhowerethenconsideredprogressive.■ShebegantoaddressmoreambitiousthemesinherdancessuchasTheSea,inwhichherdancersinvisiblyagitatedahugeexpanseofsilk,playeduponbycoloredlights.■Alwaysopentoscientificandtechnologicalinnovations;
shebefriendedthescientistsMarieandPierreCurieupontheirdiscoveryofradiumandcreatedaRadiumDance,whichsimulatedthephosphorescenceofthatelement.■Shebothappearedinfilms—theninanearlystageofdevelopment—andmadethemherself;
theheroofherfairy-talefilmLeLysdelaVie(1919)wasplayedbyRené
Clair,lateraleadingFrenchfilmdirector.
Lookatthefoursquares■thatindicatewherethefollowingsentencecouldbeaddedtothepassage.
Forallheroriginalityindance,herinterestsexpandedbeyonditintonewlyemergingartisticmedia.
4.■Oneexplanationforgreenicebergsattributestheircolortoanopticalillusionwhenblueiceisilluminatedbyanear-horizonredSun,butgreenicebergsstandoutamongwhiteandblueicebergsunderagreatvarietyoflightconditions.■Anothersuggestionisthatthecolormightberelatedtoicewithhighlevelsofmetalliccompounds,includingcopperandiron.■Recentexpeditionshavetakenicesamplesfromgreenicebergsandicecores—vertical,cylindricalicesamplesreachingdowntogreatdepths—fromtheglacialiceshelvesalongtheAntarcticcontinent.Analysesofthesecoresandsamplesprovideadifferentsolutiontotheproblem.
Lookatthef
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