托福阅读考古学类练习Word文件下载.docx
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托福阅读考古学类练习Word文件下载.docx
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AbigdebateamongstscientistsiswhatArchaeopteryxuseditsfeathersfor.Somescientistssuggesttheywereusedtocontroltheirbodytemperaturewhileothersbelievethattheywereusedforflight.Thisisaveryimportantquestionforscientistsbecausetheywanttoknowhowanimalsfirststartedtofly.
TherearetwotheoriesabouttheoriginofflightandaboutwhatArchaeopteryxuseditsfeathersfor.Thefirstargumentiscalledtrees-down;
thisisthetheorythatbirdstheirfeatherstoglidedowntothegroundfromtreesmuchlikehowflyingsquirrelsdotoday.Theotherargumentiscalledground-up;
thisisthetheorythatancientbirdslivedonthegroundandusedtheirfeatherstohelpthemmakelongleapsintotreeswhenevertheyneededto.Forexample,iftheyneededtogetawayfrompredators,thentheycouldjumpintothetreesfromagreatdistanceandholdontothemwiththeirclaws.
Scientistsarecuriousastowhyancientbirdsstrokedtheirwingslikemodernbirds.Theybelieveitmightberelatedtothewaythatsomekindsofdinosaursusedtheirstrongforearmstograbdownwardsandholdontotheirprey.IfArchaeopteryxdidthis,thenitmighthavelearnedthatitcouldalsouseitsstrongforearmstoflapitswingsandstayintheairforlongerperiodsoftime.Overmillionsofyears,animalsthatwererelatedtoArchaeopteryxmighthavebeenabletostayintheairforlongerandlongeruntilfinallytheycouldflylikemodernbirdsdo.
Passagesummary
Remainsofancientbirdfoundin
(1)________
Characteristics
-about
(2)________yearsold
-maybefirst(3)________ever
-waspart(4)________andpart(5)________
Don’tknowtheuseof(6)________
-somethinkto(7)________
-othersthinkto(8)________
Theorieson(9)________
-trees-down→usedfeaturesto(10)________fromtrees
-groundup→usedfeaturesto(11)________
参考答案:
•150million–2
•bird–3
•bird–4
•controlbodytemperature–7
•dinosaur–5
•feathers–6
•flightorigins–9
•fly–8
•glidedown–10
•leapintotrees–11
•SouthernGermany–1
Questionsforgeneralcomprehension
Question1
Accordingtotheparagraph1,Archaeopteryxusedtheclawsonitswingsfor
1.
flying
2.
3.
grabbingthings
4.
5.
defensivepurposes
6.
7.
fishing
8.
Question2
Accordingtothepassage,whydoscientistswanttoknowwhyancientbirdsstrokedtheirwings?
Theywillbeabletofindoutthebirds’matinghabits.
Theymightunderstandmoreaboutevolution.
Theywillbeabletolearnwhenanimalsfirstlearnedhowto
fly.
TheywilllearnthesecrettohowArchaeopteryxcouldflyfor
solong.
Question3
Whichexpressesthefirsthighlightedsentence?
ScientiststhinkthatArchaeopteryxwascreatedwhenabirdanddinosaurmatedwithoneanother,givingitcharacteristicsofboth.
SinceArchaeopteryxhadfeathersbutwasreptilian,scientiststhinkitwasacrossbetweenabirdandadinosaur.
Archaeopteryxhadfeatureslikeabirdandwasalsoreptilian,sothismakesscientistsbelievethatitwasanancientdinosaur.
Manyscientistsbelievethattheancientdinosaurswerebothpartbirdandpartdinosaur.
Question4
Whichexpressesthesecondhighlightedsentence?
Archaeopteryx’sfirstflightandthepurposeofitsfeatherscanbeexplainedintwoways.
TwotheoriesperfectlydescribetheusesofArchaeopteryx’sfeathersandflightorigins.
ScientistsarenotsurehowArchaeopteryxlearnedtoflyorhowituseditsfeathers.
ThegreatmysteriesofArchaeopteryxaretheuseofitsfeathersandhowitlearnedtofly.
答案1:
B
解析:
文章
Part2
当中的第一句话(S1)当中明确提到了…
andthreeclawsonitswings,whichmighthavebeenusedtoattackpreyortoholdontotrees
…由此可见是为了捕猎或者抓住树,选项里没有捕猎的相关选项,只有B.选
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