大学英语阅读题以及答案Word文档下载推荐.docx
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大学英语阅读题以及答案Word文档下载推荐.docx
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作业与测试
>
测试分析
阅读理解75题,总分值:
75分
Directions:
Readthefollowingpassagescarefully.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedsentences.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosethebestanswertoeachquestion.
Governmentsthroughouttheworldactontheassumptionthatthewelfareoftheirpeopledependslargelyontheeconomicstrengthandwealthofthecommunity.Undermodernconditions,thisrequiresvaryingmeasuresofcentralizedcontrolandhencethehelpofspecializedscientistssuchaseconomistsandoperationalresearchexperts.Furthermore,itisobviousthatthestrengthofcountry’seconomyisdirectlyboundupwiththeefficiencyofitsagricultureandindustry,andthatthisinturnrestsupontheeffortsofscientistsandtechnologistsofallkinds.Italsomeansthatgovernmentsareincreasinglycompelledtointerfereinthesesectorsinordertostepupproductionandensurethatitisutilized(利用)tothebestadvantage.Forexample,theymayencourageresearchinvariousways,includingthesettingupoftheirownresearchcenters;
theymayalterthestructureofeducation,orinterfereinordertoreducethewastageofnaturalresourcesordevelopresourceshitherto(到目前为止)unexploited;
ortheymaycooperatedirectlyinthegrowingnumberofinternationalprojectsrelatedtoscientificandtechnologicalmanpowerofallkinds.
Owingtotheremarkabledevelopmentinmass-communications,peopleeverywherearefeelingnewwantsandarebeingexposedtonewcustomsandideas,whilegovernmentsareoftenforcedtointroducestillfurtherinnovations(创新)forthereasonsgivenabove.Atthesametime,thenormalrateofsocialchangethroughouttheworldistakingplaceatavastlyacceleratedspeedcomparedwiththepast.Forexample,intheearlyindustrializedcountriesofEurope,theprocessofindustrialization—withallthefar-reachingchangesinsocialpatternsthatfollowed—wasspreadovernearlyacentury,whereasnowadaysadevelopingnationmayundergothesameprocessinadecadeorso.Allthishastheeffectofbuildingupunusualpressuresandtensionswithinthecommunityandconsequentlypresentsseriousproblemsforthegovernmentsconcerned.Additionalsocialstressesmayalsooccurbecauseofthepopulationexplosionorproblemsarisingfrommassmigrationmovements—themselvesmaderelativelyeasynowadaysbymodernmeansoftransport.Asaresultofallthesefactors,governmentsarebecomingincreasinglydependentonbiologistsandsocialscientistsforplanningtheappropriateprogramsandputtingthemintoeffect.
1)
Whatisbelievedtodirectlyaffectthewelfareofpeopleaccordingtothepassage?
A.
Varyingmeasuresofcentralizedcontrol
B.
Economicstrengthandwealthofthecommunity.
C.
Economistsandoperationalresearchexperts.
D.
Helpofspecializedscientists.
2)
Howcanthegovernmentsdotopromotetheproduction?
Byinterferingindifferentsectorsthatcanpromotescienceandtechnologytoensuresmoothoperation
Byaskingthescientistsandtechnologiststoimproveefficiency.
Byutilizingnaturalresourcestothebestadvantage.
Bychangingthestructureofeducationtotrainmorescientists.
3)
Whatcanbeinferredfromthedevelopmentinmass-communications?
Peopleareconstantlychangingtheircustomsandideas.
Peoplealwayswantsomethingnewandremarkabletofeelbetter.
Governmentsareundergreaterpressureofbringingaboutnewinventions.
Governmentsareoftenforcedtokeepupwithnewcustomsandideas.
4)
Whathasposedpressuresandproblemsforthegovernmentsconcernedaccordingtothepassage?
Socialchangesthroughouttheworldarespeedingupcomparedwiththepast.
Therateofsocialchangesintheearlyindustrializedcountriesisbecomingslownow.
Thefar-reachingchangesinsocialpatternscanbespreadoverinadevelopingcountrywithinadecade.
Thenormalrateofsocialchangesistakingplaceatasteadyspeed.
5)
Whyaregovernmentsbecomingincreasinglydependentonbiologistsandsocialscientists?
Becausegovernmentsneedtohandlesocialstressesandproblems.
Becausegovernmentswanttolearnfromearlyindustrializedcountries.
Becausegovernmentshavetomakemodernmeansoftransportrelativelyeasy.
Becausegovernmentsneedthemfortheindustrializationoftheirowncountries.
参考答案:
1)
B
2)
A
3)
C
4)
5)
解析:
(无)
∧收起解析
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