高考英语精选阅读理解四含详解Word文档下载推荐.docx

高考英语精选阅读理解四含详解Word文档下载推荐.docx

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MartinDoherty,apsychologistattheUniversityofStirlinginScotland,ledtheteamofscientists.Inthisexperiment,Dohertyandhisteamtestedtheperception（观察力）ofsomepeople,usingpicturesofsomeorangecircles.Theresearchersshowedthesamepicturestotwogroupsofpeople.Thefirstgroupincluded151childrenaged4to10,andthesecondgroupincluded24adultsaged18to25.

Thefirstgroupofpicturesshowedtwocirclesaloneonawhitebackground.Oneofthecircleswaslargerthantheother,andthesepeoplewereaskedtoidentifythelargerone.Four-year-oldsidentifiedthecorrectcircle79percentofthetime.Adultsidentifiedthecorrectcircle95percentofthetime.

Next,bothgroupswereshownapicturewheretheorangecircles,againofdifferentsizes,weresurroundedbygraycircles.Here’swherethetrickliesin.Insomeofthepictures,thesmallerorangecirclewassurroundedbyevensmallergraycircles—makingtheorangecircleappearlargerthantheotherorangecircle,whichwasthereallargerone.Andthelargerorangecirclewassurroundedbyevenbiggergraycircles—soitappearedtobesmallerthantherealsmallerorangecircle.

Whenyoungchildrenaged4to6lookedatthesetrickypictures,theyweren’tfooled—theywerestillabletofindthebiggercirclewithroughlythesameaccuracyasbefore.Olderchildrenandadults,ontheotherhand,didnotdoaswell.Olderchildrenoftenidentifiedthesmallercircleasthelargerone,andadultsgotitwrongmostofthetime.

Aschildrengetolder,Dohertysaid,theirbrainsmaydeveloptheabilitytoidentifyvisualcontext.Inotherwords,theywillbegintoprocessthewholepictureatonce:

thetrickygraycircles,aswellastheorangecircleinthemiddle.Asaresult,they’remorelikelytofallforthiskindofvisualtrick.

1.Dohertyandhisteamofscientistsdidanexperimenttoevaluate________.

A.children’sandadults’eye-sight

B.people’sabilitytoseeaccurately

C.children’sandadults’brains

D.theinfluenceofpeople’sage

[解析]　考查细节理解能力。

第二段第二行可以得出结论。

[答案]　B

2.Whenaskedtofindthelargercircle，________.

A.childrenat6gotitwrong79%ofthetimewithnograyonesaround

B.onlyadultsover18gotitright95%ofthetimewithgrayonesaround

C.childrenat4gotitrightabout79%ofthetimewithgrayonesaround

D.adultsgotitrightmostofthetimewithgrayonesaround

第三段清晰地说明了辨别圆圈的比例。

[答案]　C

3.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat________.

A.asmallerorangecircleappearsbiggeronawhitebackground

B.anorangecircleappearsbiggerthanagrayoneofthesamesize

C.acirclesurroundedbyothercircleslooksbiggerthanitsrealsize

D.acirclesurroundedbybiggeroneslookssmallerthanitsrealsize

[解析]　考查细节理解能力，对第四段整体的理解和第五段最后一句可以得出答案。

[答案]　D

4.Visualcontextmayworkwhenchildrengetolderthan________.

A.4B.6

C.10D.18

[解析]　考查推理判断能力。

从第五段和第六段第一句判断得出答案。

5.Whyareyoungerchildrennotfooled?

A.Becausetheyaresmarterthanolderchildrenandadults.

B.Becauseolderpeopleareinfluencedbytheirexperience.

C.Becausepeople’seyesbecomeweakerastheygrowolder.

D.Becausetheirbraincanhardlynoticerelatedthingstogether.

第四、五、六段提及到46岁小孩和6岁以上小孩的区别是判断的依据。

BillFultondoesn’trememberlosinghiswallet,butitsreturnhelpedhimrememberthepast.Theleatherstayedsmoothandthecowboydesignunblemished（完美无缺的）.Andwhenhelookedinside,thecontentsbroughtbackmemoriesfrom1946,whenheapparentlydroppedthewalletbehindthebalconybleachers（露天看台）intheBakerMiddleSchoolgym.

Fulton’sSocialSecurityCardandbicyclelicense,bearingtheaddresswherehelivedduringhisteenageyears,werepositionedintheirrespectivecompartments,apparentlyuntouchedsincetheyearafterWorldWarIlended.

WorkerNathanOsbornefoundthewallet—alongwitholdhomework,lostlibrarybooksanda1964talentshowprogram—whileremovingthebleachersforrenovationsonJune17.ItwasbroughttoFulton’sdoorthefollowingdaybyMelanieTrindle,theBakerMiddleSchoolsecretary.

MiddleSchoolPrincipalMindiVaughansaidthebrownpinebleacherswereconnectedtothegymbalcony’sbrickwallandhadremainedinthesameplacesincetheschool,knownastheHelenM.StackBuilding,openedin1936.

Fulton,78,saidheprobablylostthewalletwhilecheeringfortheBakerHighbasketballteamwithagroupoffriends.FultonsaidthebicycleIDwasneededbecausehedeliveredmedicineforRodamarDrug.Hewassurprised,however,thathisbicycleIDwasn’tinside.Hesaidhealwayskeptitthere.

Butratherthanfocusonwhatwasinsidethewallet,Fultonsaidtherecoveryhasled