届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型模拟试题10篇训练之一21页word版Word格式文档下载.docx
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届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型模拟试题10篇训练之一21页word版Word格式文档下载.docx
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Ifnot,theclimatemaybetoblame,notyourparents.
AccordingtoarecentstudycarriedoutbyscientistsfromPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,US,climateplayedakeyroleinshapingournoses.Thefindingswerebasedonanexaminationofthesizeandshapeofnosesof476peoplefromfourregions—WestAfrica,EastAsia,SouthAsiaandNorthernEurope,using3Dfacialimagingtechnology.
“Peoplehavethoughtforalongtimethedifferenceinnoseshapeamonghumansacrosstheworldmayhavearisenasaresultofnaturalselectionbecauseofclimate,”ArslanZaidi,oneoftheleadauthorsofthestudy,toldTheGuardian.Butwhilepreviousstudieswerebasedonmeasurementsfromhumanskulls,Zaidiandhisteamlookedatnoseshapeitself.
Theresultshowedthatwidernosesaremorecommoninwarmandhumidclimate,whilenarrowernosesaremorecommonincoldanddryclimate.That,Zaidisaid,couldbebecausenarrowernasalpassageshelptoincreasethemoisture(潮湿)contentofairandwarmit,whichiseasieronourlungs.This,inturn,ledtoagradualdecreaseinnosewidthinpopulationslivingfarawayfromtheequator.
Morestudiesarestillneededtotestthelinkbetweenclimateandnoseshape,butZaidibelievesthecurrentfindingsarevaluableinunderstandingpotentialhealthissues.“Aswebecomemoreofaglobalcommunity,wearegoingtocomeacrossclimatethatwedonotadaptto,”hetoldTheGuardian.Thismeansmovingtoaverydifferentclimatemightincreasetheriskofbreathingproblems.
However,headded,“Thismaynotbenecessarilytrueforvariousreasonssuchasofmodernmedicineandthefactthatourcurrentclimateisverydifferentfromwhatitusedtobe.”
语篇解读:
本文是一篇议论文。
研究表明人的鼻子的形状不只是由父母决定的,而且会受到生活地区气候的影响。
32.FromthepassageweknowmostpeoplefromSingaporehavenoses.
A.widerB.narrower
C.smallerD.larger
解析:
选A 推理判断题。
根据第四段第一句可知,居住在温暖潮湿环境中的人的鼻子普遍更宽,而居住在寒冷干燥环境中的人的鼻子普遍更窄,又因新加坡在温暖湿润地区,故大部分新加坡人应该有着较宽的鼻子。
33.Narrowernosesarehelpfulto.
A.cooltheairB.warmtheair
C.takeinmoreoxygenD.drytheair
选B 细节理解题。
根据第四段第二句“That,Zaidisaid,couldbebecausenarrowernasalpassageshelptoincreasethemoisture(潮湿)contentofairandwarmit,whichiseasieronourlungs.”可知狭窄的鼻孔能温暖进入鼻孔的空气。
34.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthestudy?
A.Zaidi’steammeasuredhumanskullsusing3Dtechnology.
B.Theshapeofournosesisdeterminedbyourparents.
C.Noseshapehelpspeopleadapttotheenvironment.
D.It’scertainthatpeoplewillsufferfrommorebreathingproblems.
选C 推理判断题。
根据文章第四段最后两句“That,Zaidisaid,couldbebecausenarrowernasalpassages...toagradualdecreaseinnosewidthinpopulationslivingfarawayfromtheequator.”可知鼻子的形状会慢慢改变来适应气候,故C项正确。
35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Whatfactorsshapenoses?
B.Howtomakeyournoseattractive?
C.Noseshapecausesbreathingproblems
D.Climateshapesnoses
选D 标题归纳题。
根据全文,特别是从第一、二段的研究结果“theclimatemaybetoblame,notyourparents”“Theyfoundthatclimateplayedakeyroleinshapingournoses.”可知D项最恰当,即气候影响鼻子的形状。
[三]
WhenIwasinelementaryschoolmyparentswouldgivemeadollarifIreceivedanAin“Behavior”onourquarterlyreportcards.Theydidn’tpayforgoodacademicgrades,althoughitwasclearthattheyexpectedmyverybesteffort.IfthatbesteffortresultedinaBinsteadofanAinaparticularsubject,thatwasOK.ButanythinglessthananAinBehaviorwasinexcusable.
WhenIbecameaparent,Ithoughtaboutthispracticealot,particularlyaroundthearrivalofmykids’reportcards.Nevercompletelyunderstandingmyparents’practiceandfeelingfunnyaboutrewardinggoodbehaviorwithcash,Idecidednottopaymykidsforgoodconductorforgoodacademicgrades.ButresultsofarecentstudyfromtheHarvardGraduateSchoolofEducationmademethinkharderaboutwhat,exactly,myparentsmayhavebeentryingtoaccomplish.
Surprisingly,accordingtothestudy,morethan80%ofthe10,000studentssurveyedrankedachievementorpersonalhappinessoverkindness.Yet,inthesamestudy,96%ofparentsindicatedthatit’simportantfortheirchildrentohaveastrongmoralcompass.
Theresearchersinthisstudycallthisarhetoric/realitygap(差距)—agapbetweenwhatadultssayandwhattheydo.Anditsends,attheveryleast,amixedmessagetokidsaboutourcore(核心)values.Kindnessmatters.Itmattersglobally,asahealthysocietyneedspeoplewhocareabouttheneedsofothers.Anditmatterstoeachofuspersonally.Peoplecan’tbetrulyhappyiftheyarecruel.
Sohowcanweletkidsknowthatdoingwellinschoolmattersbutsodoesbeingapersonofgoodcharacter?
Ithinkthat’swhatmyparentsweretryingtohelpmeunderstand.Myreportcardprobablyhadadozenlettergradesmeasuringscholastica
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